iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Sarah Damaske

GET UPDATES FROM Sarah Damaske
 

Equal Pay Day: In the Wake of the So-Called "Mommy Wars" Renewal and Partisan Attacks on Equal Pay Bills

Posted: 04/17/2012 11:52 am

Equal Pay Day comes this year in the midst of the renewal of the so-called "mommy wars" on the one hand, and a blatant attack on equal pay rights bills on the other. Last week, Hilary Rosen set off a media maelstrom when she said that Mitt Romney's wife, Ann, "has never actually worked a day in her life." Just a week before (and to much less fanfare), Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker repealed Wisconsin's Equal Pay law and one of the state senate Republicans, Glenn Grothman, was quoted as saying, "You could argue that money is more important for men, anyways." Both have serious implications for the equal pay cause.

The National Committee on Pay Equity started Equal Pay Day in 1996 to bring more public attention to the gender wage gap, the difference between what an average full-time, year-round, male worker earned and what the average full-time, year-round, female worker earned. In 1996, the difference was 73.8 cents to the dollar and, today, the difference is about 77.4 cents. Not a terribly huge improvement over the last 16 years.

Researchers have long noted that a number of factors can partially explain the gender wage gap. Notably, women and men tend to work in different industry sectors and different occupations within industry, which can explain a sizable portion of the gap. But differences in pay for various occupations may be due to whether jobs are associated with women or men. In other words, while occupational differences may explain some of the gender wage gap, the pay scale for different occupations is connected to whether or not the occupations are made up of mostly men or mostly women. And as sociologist Paula England and economist Nancy Folbre found in their research, women are more likely to work in caring fields, which offer relatively poor pay given the skill and education necessary for much of this work.

Devaluing the hard work of acting as a primary caregiver of children not only dismisses the unpaid labor done in the home, it also contributes to the struggle of the millions of paid female laborers who work in caring fields and find that their work is neither recognized nor justly rewarded. Calling this past week's maelstrom a renewal of the "mommy wars" dodges the real issue: Caregiving, whether done unpaid in the home or for pay outside of it, is not particularly valued in this country and women (whether in the labor market or not) suffer the brunt of this.

Differences in pay are likely also connected to bias. Having children often increases men's wages, according to research from sociologist Rebecca Glauber, but it often decreases women's wages and women working in low-wage jobs face the toughest wage penalties for motherhood, as sociologists Michelle Budig and Melissa Hodges found. When Grothman argued, "Money is more important for men," he may have been tapping a generally unspoken belief -- that a woman's salary is less necessary to her family than is her spouse's. But, these beliefs are a remnant of times gone by in which men were primary breadwinners and women were primary homemakers (although as historian Stephanie Coontz has noted, even during the 1950s, this gender divide was never as big a phenomenon as we remember it to be).

Today, only 20 percent of children are raised in families with a traditional breadwinning father and stay-at-home mother. Most children, then, live in families that depend on the wages of women, and one-third of children live in single-mother households and are most at risk of living in poverty. The National Women's Law Center reports that bridging the gender wage gap would give the average full-time working woman's family the money to pay for an additional 4 months' supply of groceries, 5 months' of childcare, 3 months' rent and utilities, 5 months' health insurance premiums, 4 months' student loan payments, and 5 tanks of gas. Addressing the wage gap would go a long way in increasing women's economic security, as well as the financial security of their families. In 2010, all Senate Republicans voted against considering the Paycheck Fairness Act. As both President Obama and presidential hopeful Governor Romney continue to vie for women's votes, it would be nice to see some serious proposals from the candidates about how to bridge the wage gap.

 
 
 

Follow Sarah Damaske on Twitter: www.twitter.com/sarahdamaske

FOLLOW BUSINESS
Equal Pay Day comes this year in the midst of the renewal of the so-called "mommy wars" on the one hand, and a blatant attack on equal pay rights bills on the other. Last week, Hilary Rosen set off a ...
Equal Pay Day comes this year in the midst of the renewal of the so-called "mommy wars" on the one hand, and a blatant attack on equal pay rights bills on the other. Last week, Hilary Rosen set off a ...
 
 
  • Comments
  • 38
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
09:44 AM on 04/18/2012
It is absurd that we are talking about equal pay for women at the same time as the right of women to plan their families and control their own bodies is under attack by the white male mullahs who run the republican party across America. The point being that if poor women have little or no access to family planning many of them won't even be able to enter the job market.
01:57 AM on 04/18/2012
Women are "penalized" as you so deceitfully put it, for having children because by and large women tend to take time off from their careers in order to take care of children. This means that not only do thier skills degrade, but the amount of experience they have when compared to a man in the same profession is reduced. Until you made the laughably false statement, "Differences in pay are likely also connected to bias" I had actually thought you were the one woman on this site that was not intentionally spreading lies in an attempt to further divide america. I should have known better.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Draekia
Open-minded thinker and traveller
04:34 AM on 04/18/2012
Try looking at the pay scales in the fields in question before knee-jerking next time. Your points would benefit greatly from such a process.
01:52 AM on 04/18/2012
Equal Pay Day comes this year in the midst of the renewal of the so-called "mommy wars"

http://www.beverlyoakssurgery.com/
11:19 PM on 04/17/2012
Women in the Obama White House receive less pay than men doing the same job. But you'll never read about it in the MSM!
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Avak
I think, therefore I am liberal
12:49 AM on 04/18/2012
I'd bet that under Romney they'd earn even less.
07:26 PM on 04/17/2012
You attempt to sway opinions through misdirection. By your own account, "a sizeable portion of the gap" can be explained not by gender by choice of industry and type of job. To therefore artificially impose wage balancing by choices that people make is inherently wrong. Implicit in this way of thinking is that society rather than the market should determine the value of jobs based upon what women choose to do and what men choose to do. This is not only wrongheaded by self-defeating. More women go to college today than men and are entering white collar professions and it is likely that women will continue to out earn men as young women age into the workforce. Already, young women out earn their male counterparts. With men more represented in blue collar jobs, a distorting policy will end up actually hurting women in future years as men will demand equal work for their construction jobs as their female counter part's "social network manager" job.
12:45 AM on 04/18/2012
I figure that a woman doing the same work as a man with the same amount of seniority should receive equal pay. Otherwise, it's pay discrimination and should be against the law!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Draekia
Open-minded thinker and traveller
04:36 AM on 04/18/2012
It is but is often hard to enforce because so many companies have policies against discussing such things (even if that's illegal) and bringing up such an issue leads to worse workplace relations.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Draekia
Open-minded thinker and traveller
04:39 AM on 04/18/2012
You miss the point.

The problem is due to certain industries being seen as primarily female (see: education) thus pay is typically lower than for other fields of equal levels of education.

I'm sorry, but none of us got to where we are without the aid of an educator, they should be better trained, supported AND paid.
11:59 AM on 04/18/2012
No, you miss the point. The fact that education is CHOSEN by women does not meant that it should be recalibrated in pay levels. K12 is a government job with a union that has chosen tenure & pensions with flat pay over performance based pay. It has nothing to with being a women. At one point, this may have been true but today union and government is the issue. You can debate if teachers are paid enough, but using bad legislation as a backdoor is wrong
04:43 PM on 04/17/2012
Thanks for providing much needed context for Hillary Rosen's clumsily expressed but perfectly understandable questioning of Ann Romney's ability to identify with women who struggle with juggling outside jobs while raising children, often alone. The outrage from the Romney camp is disingenuous.
There is no going forward if we keep denying the past and how it got us here. Or if we pretend to "debate" while falsifying the facts. http://freecatholic808.com/2012/04/16/the-twiddly-bits-from-the-past/
02:37 PM on 04/17/2012
Why is there this reflex in some people that when they see a difference it must be caused by a bias? Single women(without kids) under 30 make more than single men under 30. Women whether married or single on AVERAGE make less when they have kids. Its not that they don't work just as hard if not harder in their overall lives, they simply make choices that result in them making less at work. Sometimes that is something as simple as taking more benefits or selecting a job with more benefits. Income studies only compare wages not total compensation. Women are more likely to have benefits packages.

As far as men being more concerned with money. Evidence backs that up. 75% of men say they choose a job based primarily on income. Only 25% of women say the same thing. Do these people who cite the wage gap between men and women think that women should be forced to make the same choices as men or vice versa? Do they think that they should get paid the same despite their choices and the fact that on average they work less?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Kara Kramer
03:57 PM on 04/17/2012
Women should be paid the SAME AMOUNT for the SAME WORK. And we're NOT.
What is it about this discussion that scares you so much?
04:17 PM on 04/17/2012
The data supports my position. Don't believe it? Feel free to look it up.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MissTake1989
Equal means equal, hypocrites.
06:49 PM on 04/17/2012
You are the one who is refusing to discuss the issue and creating straw men to support yours.

Finding statistic dishonesty in something is not the same as being "scared" of it...in case you were unaware of this fact.
01:59 PM on 04/17/2012
their should be a law that the important job of baby sitting should be paid the same as a CEO
photo
CanadjunBeef
Remember Jesus, the radical liberal
05:55 PM on 04/17/2012
Missing the point on purpose, are we?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
lrobb
Gold Standard = four paws and a tail
01:38 PM on 04/17/2012
Should these salaries be the same?

One person can't work overtime because a child has to be picked up at daycare by 5:30 or an extra fee is added and must take additional days off to care for a sick child or attend school events. Another always volunteers to work extra time on a project under a deadline, never asks for additional time off, and schedules vacations at times most convenient to the company.

If you said "yes," you obviously have no idea what it takes to run a business, or you just don't care.

Since the only money government has to run itself is that which it can collect from business or individuals working for business, you should think about your opinion toward the relative value of various workers.
photo
CanadjunBeef
Remember Jesus, the radical liberal
05:56 PM on 04/17/2012
At my workplace, the assistant manager books off early every afternoon because HE, not his wife, has to pick up the kids from daycare. But he's management, so the regular-folks rules don't apply.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
lrobb
Gold Standard = four paws and a tail
08:09 PM on 04/17/2012
Do you know his salary? Do you know what his salary might be if he did not have to leave early to pick up his children?

Kudos to the AM for being a good dad because I can pretty much guarantee he pays a salary penalty for doing so.
01:08 PM on 04/17/2012
I love how the writer included a fact backed up by research and countered it with one that wasnt. I dont see how the wage gap can be correctly measured when apples, oranges and grapes are mixed in. How do you equalize pay between a woman who is a daycare worker and a man who is a construction worker. If two people are in the same occupation it still may not garner equal pay. Salaries can be subjective and as a woman sometimes I like it like that. Cause when I go in for negotiation I could care less about the collective or who is equal to me.
photo
Vballboy60
The Dudes abides...with the moderation
12:53 PM on 04/17/2012
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution. It was introduced in the Congress for the first time. In 1972, it passed both houses of Congress and went to the state legislatures for ratification. The ERA failed to receive the requisite number of ratifications before the final deadline mandated by Congress of June 30, 1982 expired and so it was not adopted.

Section 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Gender issues were known as a problem in 1972 but the GOP has repeatedly blocked the ratification in the various states.

So yes...the GOP has been waging a "War on Women".
photo
CanadjunBeef
Remember Jesus, the radical liberal
05:59 PM on 04/17/2012
Wage equality for the genders goes back to the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the same law that ended racial segregation in schools. That's what the Bushjr-packed SCOTUS scuttled in 2007, that's what Obama tried to protect with the Lily Ledbetter Act in 2009, and that's what Gov. Scott Walker was undermining earlier this month by making it harder and more expensive for women in Wisconsin to enforce.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
02:41 AM on 04/19/2012
and yet even while the "war on women" wages on, men still manage to die at a rate of nearly 12 to 1 compared to women in the workplace. And let's not forget the wages of actual wars, which are paid almost exclusively by men.
12:52 PM on 04/17/2012
I think the pay gap is valid and reflects the difference in choices women make. We already have the 1963? legislation that ensures equal pay for equal work so that isn't an issue. Men do tend to be paid more for their brawn and for having physical jobs that expose them to injury or the elements. Many women seek part time work so they can be there for their families and many seek jobs that don't consume any time outsde of work hours for the same reason. I think men in general are more focused on a career path and are more able to concentrate on their careers because women are amazing enough to work and also take primary responsibility for the kids, house, food, laundry, elderly parents etc.
12:32 PM on 04/17/2012
When a man gets a woman pregnant he should get paid time off and maternity pay otherwise we would be treating him unfairly.
03:52 PM on 04/17/2012
I agree. My husband would have loved to have been financially able for him to take more time to get to know our son before he had to go back to work. I would have loved to have had a little more time to adjust to the responsibility before being the only adult at home with a brand new baby. When he went back to work full time was when I started experiencing post partum depression, which I am still struggling with.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Avak
I think, therefore I am liberal
01:02 AM on 04/18/2012
Absolutely. Those of us who argue for equal pay have also been arguing for equal treatment for new fathers and mothers in the workplace, and we've been arguing it for years.
11:52 AM on 04/18/2012
While we are at it everyone should get 364 days off for every 1 day worked because work is for suckers. If it were all that good rich people wouldn't let us do it. Companies that dont offer massages(with included happy endings) and free latte's are just being insensitive. What is the point of staying in business if your employess are un-happy? maybe the people that own these businesses should close for 9 months if any one employee takes maternity leave because it is unfair that others should have to work while they are not. In the end we can all be equal as we stare at our navels and starve to death together. Utopia is within our reach we just need to want it bad enough and protest untill we all get the right to do nothing at all. Oh, and everybody gets a free unicorn as well.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
El Chingaso
Fighting for mental superiority...
12:31 PM on 04/17/2012
"Pay inequities" -- outside of government agencies -- are too subjective. Many workers in the U.S., regardless of gender, feel under-compensated.

And the so-called premises that support claims of systemic "unequal pay" between men & women are akin to frisking wet seals: you can touch them, but you can't get a grip on them.

Compensation variables in private sector jobs are too vast, if not contaminated by flawed data, in which to formulate any rational balance. But the pay inequity debate rages on...simply as a "wedge" issue during campaign season. (Great timing, again...)
photo
CanadjunBeef
Remember Jesus, the radical liberal
06:00 PM on 04/17/2012
Oh, you can get a grip on pay inequities pretty easily.
"Almost three-fourths of Wal-Mart's hourly wage sales employees were women; by contrast, only about one-third of its managers were."
http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2011/03/everyday_discrimination.html
photo
RUKidding0
Freedom is Fundamental
12:24 PM on 04/17/2012
When you start with a false premise, you are almost certain to reach false conclusions.

When you define the gender wage gap as " ... the difference between what an average full-time, year-round, male worker earned and what the average full-time, year-round, female worker earned." as your premise, you are eliminating other significant contributory factors and, must, perforce draw false conclusions.

If you define the gender wage gap as " ... the difference between what an average full-time, year-round, male worker earned at a specific job and what the average full-time, year-round, female worker earned at the same job." and, then, demonstrated inequality, you might reach correct conclusions.
photo
CanadjunBeef
Remember Jesus, the radical liberal
06:01 PM on 04/17/2012
Well, that DID happen in the case of Goodyear Tire and Lily Ledbetter, but the Bushy SCOTUS ruled that she had to sue in the fisrt 180 days of receiving the first discriminatory paycheck. You might as well throw out the whole law.
11:21 PM on 04/17/2012
That's 6 months. What is so hard about that?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Denaro
11:36 AM on 04/18/2012
What are you talking about? Your argument only holds water if there are a significant amount more men in the workforce than women... quit with the flowery words, and put more time into actually looking up the numbers... here is a stat to get you started:
Women held 49.83 percent of the nation's 132 million jobs in June