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Scott Barry Kaufman, Ph.D.

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Why Nagging Women And Silent Men Drive Each Other Crazy

Posted: 08/02/11 09:45 AM ET

In a recent episode of "Curb Your Enthusiasm" (titled "Palestinian Chicken"), Larry makes a deal with his friend: Larry won't have to pay for the damage he made to his friend's car as long as he tells his friend's critical, nagging wife how annoying it is when she says "LOL." Why the deal? Larry's friend is scared to death of his wife and thinks Larry is the man for the job. He admires Larry's willingness to always say the first thing on his mind and speak up for himself.

In the parlance of psychological science, Larry is off-the-charts blirtatious and his friend is off-the-charts not. BLIRT is actually an acronym for Brief Loquacious and Interpersonal Responsiveness Test. High "blirters" express themselves easily in social situations, have little difficulty responding to others and do so quickly. Low blirters, on the other hand, are more reflective, cautious when expressing themselves emotionally and are constantly fearful of saying the wrong thing. In recent years, psychologist William Swann and his colleagues have studied this trait, and their findings are fascinating.

Measuring Blirtatiousness

Blirtatiousness can be measured. The BLIRT (Brief Loquaciousness and Interpersonal Responsiveness Test) includes items such as "I always say what's on my mind," and "If I have something to say, I don't hesitate to say it." Those scoring high on the blirt scale report higher levels of assertiveness, extraversion, self-esteem, self-liking, self-competence and positive effect. They also report lower levels of rumination, shyness, fear of negative evaluation, neuroticism and negative emotions compared to lower blirt scorers.

The blirt scale predicts all sorts of things you would expect. Car salesmen and Americans score higher on the blirt scale than librarians and Asians. In telephone conversations between strangers, higher blirters respond more frequently, rapidly and effusively than low blirters.

There are also health consequences. In one study, a person (who was actually an actor) chatted incessantly on a cell phone while the participants were trying to complete the experiment. High blirters were more likely to say something to the person but stayed calm, whereas low blirters were silent but became more physiologically aroused (as indexed by blood pressure). The high blirters were seen by the others as more competent, sociable, emotionally reactive and extraverted than low blirters.

Therefore, blirtatiousness can act as an amplifier of human traits, making one's emotional state and personality more salient. Of course, this means there are tradeoffs to being blirtatious. Those who are blirtatious are initially perceived better but open themselves up to having their bad sides exposed more easily, whereas low blirters may start off with less-favorable impressions but are better at hiding their deficiencies.

Blirters in Love

Blirtatiousness also has strong implications for romantic relationships. While two blirtatious partners can make for a good match, couples in which the woman is more blirtatious than the man -- "precarious couples" -- are less intimate and satisfied than any other couple pairing.

Precarious couples experience particular discord when the woman is critical and stress levels are high. Under high levels of stress, the woman in a precarious couple becomes more critical, and her inhibited partner withdraws. This withdrawal often backfires, though, because it decreases the chances for healthy communication. This sends the relationship on a downward spiral. Indeed, this "woman demand-man withdraw" communication pattern is frequent among precarious couples, and is a key predictor of divorce. Another communication problem for those in precarious relationships is the lack of "mutual constructive communication," which happens when couples discuss a problem, express their feelings and negotiate without resorting to blaming or verbal aggression. There's hardly any mutual constructive communication among precarious couples.

Members of precarious couples are also unsuccessful in managing stress. In one study, 67 married women were put under stress. When they were reunited with their husbands, most men had low heart rates. In precarious couples, however, men showed higher levels of physiological arousal. Therefore, in a precarious relationship, a stressed women can cause a stressed man, and the man's reticence causes an even more stressed woman. Not a good scene for a healthy relationship.

Those in precarious relationships are also perceived negatively by others, being seen as less likeable and less competent than those in other kinds of relationships. This perception is shared by both men and women in equal measure. Swann and his colleagues suggest that the gender role expectations of the participant may be causing such perceptions, with "man-more-inhibited" couples causing more dislike since they challenge traditional gender roles. People tend to feel more comfortable with the status quo.

These findings might explain why the precariousness couple effect occurs only when the woman is critical and blirtatious, but not when the man is. Sex role expectations may lead members of society to react adversely to interactions in which the woman is repeatedly placing demands on the man. As it turns out, men with traditional sex role attitudes express dissatisfaction with blirtatious, critical women, but men with very progressive sex role attitudes are more OK with it, presumably because they are more accepting of assertive behavior by women. Interestingly though, regardless of the sex role attitude expressed by the man, women in precarious relationships are not satisfied with inhibited men. It seems assertiveness always pays for men.

Such negative perceptions of precarious couples have serious consequences for those in precarious relationships. Research shows that having strong social networks is important when one is in a relationship, and the number of friends is related to commitment, satisfaction and investment in the relationship. Participants report being uninterested in striking up a friendship with members of a precarious relationship. This situation is bound to lead members of a precarious couple to feel as though they have no where to turn and vent.

In light of all the negatives of being in a precarious relationship, why in the world do they exist? The great paradox here is that men and women in precarious couples are drawn to each other. Blirtatious women are willing to make the first move, and are usually the initiator of relationships. This may start out well, but eventually the quiet male starts to resent the partner's blirtatiousness, and the blirtatious woman gets frustrated with the quiet man. Both males and females in a precarious relationship appear to be stuck between a rock and a hard place. Precarious women desire a man who will indulge her desire to talk a lot, and precarious men desire a woman who takes charge. Unfortunately, those in just such a relationship run the risk of serious relationship dissatisfaction.

So what's the best practical advice in light of the evidence? It would seem that in order to gain the approval of others, women who end up in a precarious relationship should be advised to be seen and not heard -- surely a message we don't want to send women! To put things in perspective, it's important to remember here that blirtatiousness is not absolutely a good or bad thing to have. Blirtatious women tend to be quite satisfied with blirtatious men. It's all about match. If you find yourself in a precarious relationship, and the relationship isn't working, get out. If it is magically going smoothly, then screw public opinion. Stay together and prove to people that such a relationship can work.

The best advice, though, is to never get into such a relationship in the first place. As Swann and his colleagues advise:

"Before pairing, critical disinhibited women and non-progressive, inhibited men should consider the risks before beginning a romantic relationships with each other. That is, although such relationships may flourish if couple members strive to maintain healthy communication styles, the odds are that they will not."

If you'd like to gauge how blirtatious you are, take the test in the following slideshow. If you are female, score high and tend to be a critical person, you might want to start looking for your very own Larry David. The two of you can be blissfully and critically blirtatious together and leave the rest of us in peace!

How To Take The Quiz
1 of 11
The following questions refer to the reactions people have when interacting with others. Please indicate how you react to these events by choosing a number from the following scale. Please base your answers on how you react, not on how you think others react or how you think a person should react.

1- Strongly Disagree

2- Disagree

3- Neither Agree nor Disagree

4- Agree

5- Strongly Agree
Total comments: 71 | Post a Comment
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© 2011 by Scott Barry Kaufman

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In a recent episode of "Curb Your Enthusiasm" (titled "Palestinian Chicken"), Larry makes a deal with his friend: Larry won't have to pay for the damage he made to his friend's car as long as he tells...
In a recent episode of "Curb Your Enthusiasm" (titled "Palestinian Chicken"), Larry makes a deal with his friend: Larry won't have to pay for the damage he made to his friend's car as long as he tells...
 
 
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euonymous
MA South Shore, euonymous on Twitter
11:34 AM on 08/10/2011
Great article. Rings true. I personally thought the instructions for scoring were straightforward, but then I tend to speak my mind ;-)
11:48 PM on 08/04/2011
The compute your score instruxtions make no sense to me
07:48 AM on 08/05/2011
I agree, the directions are unclear...is that blirtaious enough??? lol
06:16 PM on 08/04/2011
And Actually my reserved husband married me because he likes the fact I say what is on my mind. He has learned to give his opinion more openly too, and the basic element of mutual respect ( no put downs or cussing) helps us to stay close.
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Dede Eagleburger
Beauty is in the eye of the makeup brush holder
09:59 AM on 08/04/2011
I didn't need the survey to tell me I'm very blirtatious! I love to talk and say whatever pops into my head, that probably explains why I love to post on here so much!
03:58 PM on 08/04/2011
Ditto
06:11 PM on 08/04/2011
Respectfully, I think blirtacious is a cute"play on words" and of course is an acronym for what the author says. To me it describes talking in a playful loving manner, using my speech for being complimentary, positive with my family and friends. I know it is NOT the subject on hand, but i believe the author is taking a part in encouraging possibly a new word. Language is certainly NOT static.
07:49 AM on 08/05/2011
I like this!
01:27 PM on 08/03/2011
In a close relationship like a marriage, the "blirter" could be considered the "pitcher" and the non-blirter the "catcher", who hopes only to handle each pitch, and manage the pitcher to throw him or her only whe he/she can handle.

This can be an exhausting and discouraging job, especially if the pitcher is the "critical" type of blirter; and particularly if the catcher does not have a "coach" he/she can really talk to about the problem. You cannot really "talk" to a critical blirter, except in complete agreement; and as mentioned in at least one comment here, often even that just makes things worse.

It would be interesting to hear more about how to best handle a critical blirt-pitcher, short of just taking the ball and going home.
11:51 PM on 08/04/2011
"Blirters" (like me) do tend to react when emotions are involved--- I agree, and it may seem to their mates that we want agreement ( " You always have to be right!"), but that is because we strongly believe in what we are communicating. We blirters have to consciously take a deep breath, slow down, and LET the other more reserved partner SPEAK. I have had to make a coscious effort to LISTEN and understand the other point of view. "Talking" to critical blirters IS difficult when there is a disagreement, ONLY if the blirter doesn't want to change bad communication patterns.
So I gues the best way to "handle a blirter" is to sit down with that person and ask them if if they really want to listen to your point of view. Hopefully they do. Give a loving touch, and reassure the person before beginning, that no matter what you have to say, it doesn't mean it is the "end" of your relationship.
07:51 AM on 08/05/2011
very good. I now realize that I must take a breath and listen as well as speak. lol
01:13 AM on 08/03/2011
First, please put it to rest, those of you who focused on the BLIRT vs blurt subject -- this was just a clever way to title the Study and coordinate the title with the term for outspokenness, i.e. the word "blurt" which is a memorable and easy way to categorize that characteristic. It's almost good enough to change the dictionary spelling of that word.

This is one of the most interesting popular "personality and relationship" articles that I have seen (and with supporting academic study reports actually appended too). My personal, non-professional, observations support virtually everything that is said in this article.

It is true though, that it would have been an appropriate caveat to at least mention the complications that varying degrees and points on the scale of personality traits can bring to the discussion.
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Scott Barry Kaufman
Cognitive psychologist
10:16 AM on 08/03/2011
Thanks for this message. "BLIRT" is actually an acronym for the questionnaire, and stands for "Brief Loquaciousness and Interpersonal Responsiveness Test". I probably should have spelled this out for people, but I certainly never thought that would detract from the main purpose of the article. Thanks for re-focusing folks!
07:54 AM on 08/05/2011
I thought your article clearly stated this and don't get the problem, but then, I don't get the scoring directions at all although I could figure out that I am a moderate blirter anyway.
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skantea
A Resource Based Economy
09:10 PM on 08/04/2011
Clever is not the same as smart. The acronym is as clever as saying "talk to the hand" was 15 years ago. In other words, instantly annoying the second time you hear it.
thebigbike
ran away to be a cowboy
09:46 PM on 08/02/2011
me ? a blurter? pretty much only on Huff post
05:59 PM on 08/04/2011
at least we can edit what we "blirt" here---in real life there OUGHT to be rewind button, LOL! When I say something that comes out the way I didn't MEAN for it to sound, I make a joke of it though by "pretending" to hit the imaginary rewind button and "rewind" my speech. Sometimes it makes someone laugh in forgiveness (whew)--Jeeze, I appologize! and then I hit the button... I KNOW I am weird, but it is truly who I am. I accept other people for being more reserved, especially my husband (22 years married). I enjoy all types of people. Everyone has goodness to offer.
thebigbike
ran away to be a cowboy
06:43 PM on 08/04/2011
I have seen that done by a few people and it usually defused possible tensions. ( Some folks are always looking to be offended anyway, not much can be done there) I'll be trying to figure out how I can use it and be convincing
09:29 PM on 08/02/2011
It is unfortunate that the author wrote about such a common difficulty in couples and chooses to describe them as precarious. I work with numerous couple who fit this pattern and most end up in really positive places. I practice a form of couples therapist known as Emotionally Focused Therapy that goes beyond cognitive behavioral techniques to create "change events" in which both parties have new, more healing experiences of attachment to their partner. I would love to forward this article to my couples but it is too negative and would be discouraging. It's too bad the author either doesn't know about or doesn't mention successful work with this common struggle.
08:58 PM on 08/02/2011
Apparently the word you use over and over again, "blirt", is actually referring to the acronym "BLIRT", which stands for "Brief Loquaciousness and Interpersonal Responsiveness Test". No idea why the article doesn't explain this. I spent most of the time thinking you didn't know how to spell the word "blurt", especially since dictionary.com has only one definition for "blirt", which is "A gust of wind and rain."
01:16 AM on 08/03/2011
...and either way it certainly IS a gust of wind, and the results can certainly rain on you too...
10:02 AM on 08/07/2011
First sentence, second paragraph ... explained pretty clearly.
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On My Way 58
I try to think before posting
07:36 PM on 08/02/2011
This article is skewed to blirters who are female and negative...what about folks like me who are blirters with mostly positive statements?
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360Dunk
Feeder of slot machines
09:23 PM on 08/02/2011
You end up posting on Huffington with high praise for both Democrats and Republicans.
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Dede Eagleburger
Beauty is in the eye of the makeup brush holder
10:00 AM on 08/04/2011
true, I am a mostly positive blirter, at least i try to be...! I always thought it was better to pull people up with positive than push them down with negative!
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ttrexxx
leave if you can't handle it
07:08 PM on 08/02/2011
i love love throwing people who have their feet and minds stuck in cement into the deep end of the pool.lol
05:07 PM on 08/02/2011
I thought the word was "blurt". Guess I must be behind the times.
06:54 PM on 08/02/2011
You're absolutely correct. Funk & Wagnalls show the word as "blurt." I don't think we're behind the times. I think, unfortunately, that education in this country just ain't what it used to be.
09:42 PM on 08/02/2011
Education "aint"???
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french queen13
my beloved is mine and I am his
09:00 PM on 08/02/2011
They've made a pretentious acronym for it - "brief loquaciousness and interpersonal responsiveness test" - to get "blirt". Actually the whole business seems pretentious to me. So some people talk more and respond more than others, or BLURT out the first thing that comes to mind - big deal. (Used to be called tactlessness, didn't it?) Seems to me some researchers have too much time on their hands. Does every last bit of human behaviour have to be analysed and dissected like this? Oy.
04:57 PM on 08/02/2011
This wasn't a very helpful article. In particular, the "survey" didn't really match the text above it. Weird...
04:36 PM on 08/02/2011
Am I the only one owho thought number 1 didn't have a question? And that the scoring was maybe some sort of test to see what you'd o when it was impossible? This was silly A. stuff, and I love psychological silly A. tests, but they have to pretend to make sense.
04:22 PM on 08/02/2011
I blirt---earned me the nickname "Chatterbox" in kindergarten. Now, lirtiness for me depends on whether I have taken my zoloft with my coffee in the morning: I am a chatty bratty "girl". If I am exercising, the blirt factor raises with the endorphin rush....so therefore, I get the blirts all according to the shifting of brain chemicals. Wee, don't stand next to me in a long line if you don't like talking.
04:33 PM on 08/02/2011
Ha, I get the blirts---sounds like the "squirts", lol
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Nerdiac
04:45 PM on 08/02/2011
lmfao you're such a blirt you even replied to your own comment XD
05:11 PM on 08/02/2011
are we going to sing the diarrhea song....? funny
01:11 AM on 08/04/2011
Yeah, jannetteramos, I would like to understand your type better, so I could cope with my own companion. You must be relatively young. Do you consider yourself one of the critical blirters? Where did you get the "authorization", i.e. the early support, to even be a "chatty bratty girl"? You are one of not very many, and not many women get away with being that. What does "bratty" mean, in your case?

I'm sincere here, and do not mean to criticize, but only to know. Were you indulged by a loving father and/or mother, who just loved everything you said and did? Did you have some early and dramatic fight or struggle that made you so self-confident and unconcerned as to how you might be seen when you "present"? Is this real, or are you really insecure and defensive?

Do you worry at all about how others think of you, or are you well accepted? What do you think you do that helps others to understand yout? I like your post, and want to know more.
04:04 AM on 08/04/2011
Thank you for your interest :-) It is quite alright for you to ask your questions. I am a 46 y.o. elementary teacher. I love dancing and exercising­---fitness is a big part of my life.

Bratty= I say what I feel about a situation/­problem. I do NOT like giving the "silent treatment"­, because I hate when things fester. Some people are taken aback by my forthright­ness (I am not disrespect­ful, i.e., I do NOT cuss, and give put downs). I suppose I get away with that because I am respectful and kind.

I was the youngest child, and a "daddy's girl". My father, though he was a Marine Corps seargent ( not known for their benignness­, I've heard, lol) was the kindest, funniest, most compliment­ary man in my life. He loved giving praise to me. My Mom is more reserved, but equally as kind to me.

I changed over the years (without trying), taking on more of my Dad's spirit. He was very sanguine, and so am I, but as I get older, I am less and less self conscious. When I was younger and more self-consc­ious, I was LESS accepted; now that I am older and less self-consc­ious, people tend to like me more. I am genuinely interested in others and not only in how they perceive me. I am a casual person.

I sure hope this want' a "test" to see HOW terribly chatty I am: DANG WOMAN, keep your mouth shut! LMAO!