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Sheila Kohler

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Edward Cullen and Heathcliff: Why Girls Love "Blood-Sucking" Men

Posted: 01/06/10 12:59 PM ET

When our teacher asked us, a class of adolescent girls, how many of us would like to marry Heathcliff, all the hands in the class shot up. I imagine if she'd asked us about Mr Rochester we would have done the same thing. This, I imagine, did not augur well for our futures, our lives as women and wives or our careers. Certainly, my own first marriage was to a stormy, handsome Russian who strode around on long legs and pulled at his hair, to confess of his love for other women to whom he had reluctantly succumbed, with much breast beating and agonizing, saying always that he really loved me. "I just have to go and say good-bye to X this weekend," he would say and rush off in his Porsche, scattering pebbles. Yet I remained at his side through many years of this, and I ask myself what was the source of my patience ( he took to calling me Saint Sheila!) or perhaps more honestly my desire for what we might call, today, these "blood-sucking men" .

For this desire, which is probably part of today's "Twilight" phenomenon, mild and accommodating though these vampires may be, seems to be an intrinsic part of our make up. What is the origin of our desire for these Byronic heroes, these "bad boys," these men that we know can only disturb our dreams at night and cause us nothing but grief in our days.

What drove all three Bronte sisters, Charlotte, Emily and Anne, whose lives I have recently explored in "Becoming Jane Eyre" to create very similar male characters, characters like Heathcliff who hangs poor Isabella's pet dog up on a tree, or Mr Rochester who storms around Thornfield, provoking Jane's jealousy and whom Jane calls "My master," or Huntingdon and his pack of dissolute friends. All three girls had read and admired Byron's work, including Don Juan; and they had watched their brother, Branwell, fall desperately in love with the mother of the boy he was tutoring at Thorp Green. He expected her to marry him when her husband died and when she didn't, turned to opium and drink, causing chaos in the poor parsonage, narrowly risking burning the place down as he lay unconscious in his bed. Charlotte, too, had fallen in love with her charismatic and temperamental professor in Belgium, her black swan as she called him.

But does this explain our fascination with the modern day phenomenon of vampires? Surely, much of this, the violence between the sexes, comes from our guilt, our female ( or male for that matter -- think of the great adulterous heroines like Anna Karenina and Emma Bovary) guilt at our sexual desires, our need to camouflage our desire for the other sex, causing them to become the ones who prey on us, the ones who drag us reluctantly to their beds; the ones who humiliate us and remain ultimately out of reach, adulterous or drugged and drunken, or simply resisting the urge to drink our blood.

We can only hope that with age comes the wisdom to renounce this sort of folly, to turn from these savage characters or like Charlotte Bronte, with Mr Rochester, to curb their violence, to control them, to turn the tables on them, to take the upper hand and enter into a real and useful partnership.

 
 
 
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12:56 PM on 01/12/2010
Twilight is like any other fairy tale - a helpless heroine who needs to constantly be rescued by her far more powerful man (or men). She worships her love interest and doesn't feel worthy of him instead of having a healthy loving relationship. She does very stupid things for love - not only for Edward, but for everyone she cares for. I didn't think there was any rape fantasy in them, but I also didn't think she was acting in her own best interest even if you took away the vampire business.

I cherished every page of the predictable series, enjoying the reversion back to teenage fantasies for a couple weeks. The romance is not a good example for young girls, but there aren't many good examples of love from books or movies. Like dreams, books are usually far more potent than real life. Still, most of us understand that real life is not meant to be lived like a book, movie, or dream. Many of us wish it as teenage girls and for some of us it continues on through adulthood. We can't wish away anything that isn't a good example - life would be quite boring without a little fantasy every once and a while. Everything in moderation - after finishing Breaking Dawn, I moved on to Marriage, A History by Stephanie Coontz. Maybe the best thing we can do is seek to set good examples of positive self views and healthy relationships in real life.
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BlackJAC
It's better to be a black king than a white knight
10:51 AM on 01/07/2010
They want the bad boys because the bad boys make things lively and exciting. Pretty much any story we want to read involves the status quo getting shaken up, forcing us all to start thinking for once.
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David Campbell
09:49 AM on 01/07/2010
Apparently we now have an entire generation that I call the Jr. High Generation, that has brought that arrested development into adulthood and made over our culture into that of the junior high school. We have vampires, vugarity, twitter (writing at the 2nd grade level) and taking great delight in humiliation (Survivor/Idol/Runway) not reading or being interested in anything beyond thermselves and movies with hundreds blown away all while texting and music blasting in their ears 24/7. What a wonderful future we face.
(not a fan of me)
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Veronica
06:18 PM on 01/07/2010
Of all the stuff you mention, the only thing I like is the idea of vampires, legends of which have appeared in many, many cultures for thousands of years. Not every Twilight fan is an emotionally stunted teenager-at-heart severely lacking in self-awareness. Your comments reads like an SAT question, "which doesn't belong."
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ESerafina42
Abandoned by wolves, raised by Republicans.
08:06 AM on 01/07/2010
It's bad enough that she puts herself in such exalted company (along with Shakespeare) - please don't mention Ms. Meyer's adolescent soap opera in the same breath as actual WELL-WRITTEN classics like Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights, and even The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.
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Veronica
05:40 PM on 01/06/2010
I expected to hate the Twilight series. For whatever reason, I gave it a chance, and I loved it. Do I think they are great literature? Not really, I mean, it's hardly Kurt Vonnegut, is it? But I think Edward Cullen appeals to women on some sort of primal emotional level. More so than other vampires, and more so even than traditional romantic heroes in literature like Heathcliff or Mr. Darcy. I haven't quite put my finger on it, but I'm sure an analysis of it would be less than politically correct.
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Erzsebet Gilbert
author, expat, traveler
10:16 AM on 01/07/2010
I'm going to have to disagree with you regarding the characters' appeal on a "primal emotional level"... the allure of this subtly abusive and intimately tyrannical, cruel male figure may be experienced socially and individually on quite a deep level, but I simply don't believe in a primordial, biological essence in either sex which somehow inclines us towards patriarchy. What "instincts" of male domination seem so intrinsic are in fact culturally rooted, so ubiquitously that most of us can't help but absorb their influence from childhood. But part of the vitality of the human animal is the ability of our conscious minds to recognize these cultural tendencies, to grow in our awareness and our selves, and transform them, rise above it.
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Veronica
06:11 PM on 01/07/2010
The main problem with Twilight, in my opinion, is the way in which it is aggressively over-analyzed by some who seem determined to be offended by it. The "male figure" is a vampire. Should real women look for an Edward Cullen? No, because no one like that exists, because vampires don't exist. For instance, his sneaking into Bella's room and watching her sleep, etc., is not a sort of "stalking" that escalates or will escalate into something more sinister, as is virtually always the case with regular, human men. And I fail to see even the slightest evidence that Edward is a "cruel" or "subtly abusive" character. I expected to find that when I read the books, having heard that from multiple sources, and it just wasn't there -- I think calling him even "subtly" abusive is a stretch. Bottom line, it's a fantasy. And the "primal emotional level" I spoke of had nothing to do with patriarchy (not sure why you made that assumption), it had to do with the lure of die-hard romantic love and devotion. The "primal emotional level" is really just an expression, I didn't mean it literally in that it is biological. I think what appeals to many women about it is that we know deep down you CAN'T have exactly what Bella and Edward have, not least of all because he is a vampire, therefore there is some satisfaction in experiencing it vicariously.
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Veronica
06:12 PM on 01/07/2010
continued...As for the effect this might have on young, impressionable girls, I think the most important thing to emphasize is that it's a pure fantasy that happens to resemble real life only in superficial ways. And to clarify, no, I don't think there is anything inherently anti-feminist about the Twilight series. Bella knows exactly what she's getting into and being with Edward is her choice. If she had rejected Edward, he would have accepted that. And their feelings for each other are 100 percent equal (again, something rather unrealistic, hence the fantasy element).
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Erzsebet Gilbert
author, expat, traveler
09:49 AM on 01/14/2010
Thank you for your thoughtful comments... I do agree with you that it isn't anti-feminist to engage in consensual alternative sexual practices like SM/D, but I do feel that American media are saturated with images of violence towards women, and additional images thereof scare me, as increasingly it's so easy to conflate the story with daily life. Particularly when young people are forming their own selfhood... Also, from what I know/bits I've read there really is a strong abstinence message in the books, which doesn't help anybody, in my opinion.
I do suppose, in addition, that this is one of the troublesome and yet exhilarating things about all literature, good or inept - the sheer mutability of interpretation by each individual... Thanks again!
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Veronica
04:15 PM on 01/19/2010
The abstinence message was something I was expecting when I read the books, but that's not what I got from it at all. I know that the author, a Mormon, is against premarital sex, but the lack of premarital sex in the book more than likely isn't in any context you're thinking of. She very clearly was not interested in promoting her religious beliefs through her writing, even if she wasn't comfortable injecting eroticism into the mix.

The fear of hurting her is the main reason for putting off sex, but there is also the issue that Edward is very old-fashioned. He was born in 1901,after all. So it's really the farthest thing from a standard teen relationship that can serve as a metaphor for a modern-day "abstinence only" message.

I will admit, every preconceived notion you have about the Twilight series, I also had at one time. That's not to say you would necessarily interpret the books the same way I did, but it's something to consider. It's a lot more ambiguous than many people have made it out to be, it's not in-your-face paternalism or moralizing about sex.

All that said, the best thing about the books is the characters themselves, which is why I enjoy the fanfiction more than the actual books. It makes up for the lack of sex in the series by making these characters behave in a manner dirty enough to make a Penthouse Forum reader blush. :)