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Going Off Antidepressants: When's the Right Time?

Posted: 10/25/11 09:35 AM ET

The question of whether or not you should start taking antidepressants is complex and difficult to answer. But even fuzzier is the question of when or if you should stop. Last May, NPR ran a piece called "Coming Off Antidepressants Can Be Tricky Business."

Joanne Silberner writes:

Several top psychiatrists say there's just not enough data to say for sure when to try coming off an antidepressant. Drug companies generally test their new products for a few months or up to a year. They don't spend much time looking into how to taper off their products. The dense informational inserts that come with prescription drugs have a lot of information on how to take the product, but no information on how to stop.

According to the Johns Hopkins Depression and Anxiety White Papers, antidepressant use involves three phases:

  • The acute phase, which is when a person first begins antidepressants until she feels full benefit, usually four to 12 weeks after.
  • Then, she goes on to a continuation phase, with the goal of preventing a relapse or a return to the depressive episode. This can last anywhere from four months to a year, usually taking the same amount of the drug as was figured out in the acute phase. If a person is symptom free after this, she may go off her antidepressants.
  • However, for people who meet the following criteria, a maintenance phase, lasting a year or longer, is needed, either at the regular dose or a smaller dose:

    • A history of three or more episodes of major depression
    • A history of severe depressive symptoms
    • Current dysthymia (chronic low-grade depression)
    • A family history of mood disorders
    • Current anxiety disorder
    • Substance abuse
    • Incomplete response to continuation treatment
    • A pattern of seasonal depressive symptoms


The decision of when to go off is highly individualized. There is no "one size fits all" rule of thumb. Although many studies indicate that a year or more of an antidepressant is needed to treat a major episode of depression or anxiety, there are certainly patients that have needed only a few months of drug therapy.

Says Silberner of NPR:

There's enormous variation among people when they stop antidepressants. A person whose depression kicked in after a major life tragedy may do OK without drugs once life stabilizes. A person whose depression came out of the blue is likely to be at higher risk of chronic depression. And within all that, there's basic biology -- people react differently to drugs and to withdrawing from drugs.

The only rule that all doctors hold is that a person does not go off medication cold turkey, but by gradually lowering the dose. Stopping too suddenly puts you at risk for symptoms returning or for physical and mental withdrawal. Several of the newer antidepressants especially, including Paxil, Luvox, Effexor, trazodone, Remeron and Serzone will produce symptoms of dizziness, nausea, lethargy, headache, irritability, nervousness, crying spells, flu-like illness and sleep or sensory disturbances -- known as the "discontinuation syndrome" that occur within 24 to 72 hours after stopping the medication.

About 20 percent of people who abruptly stop taking an antidepressant after more than six weeks of treatment experience the discontinuation syndrome.

Whitney Blair Wyckoff of NPR lists these six suggestions from Dr. Richard Shelton, professor of psychiatry at Vanderbilt University, to keep in mind when considering coming off medication:

  1. Consider the severity of your illness. Those with the best odds are people who were mildly ill, who haven't been ill many times in their lives and whose symptoms didn't affect their ability to function in a meaningful way.
  2. Never come off cold turkey. That's a bad idea under most circumstances, and that's, unfortunately, where doctors tend to see people having the most trouble. Shelton recommends that people always consult with whoever is prescribing drugs for them.
  3. Don't be in a hurry. To be able to taper off an antidepressant medication successfully, you want to do it slowly. And by slowly, there are no absolute rules. So, it can take a month or six weeks or two months.
  4. Try to start coming off during the spring or summer. Withdrawing during the fall and winter can be a big problem -- especially for people living in Northern states.
  5. Choose a time that isn't significantly stressful. For example, people who are going through a divorce should wait a while before thinking about starting to ease off antidepressants.
  6. Be realistic. According to Sheldon, about 80 percent of patients discontinue their antidepressants in actual practice settings. But most of these patients relapse, and half restart their medications.

 

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The question of whether or not you should start taking antidepressants is complex and difficult to answer. But even fuzzier is the question of when or if you should stop. Last May, NPR ran a piece cal...
The question of whether or not you should start taking antidepressants is complex and difficult to answer. But even fuzzier is the question of when or if you should stop. Last May, NPR ran a piece cal...
 
 
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08:40 AM on 11/02/2011
As far as I know, anything synthetic might not really be helpful to the body in the long run. Chemicals that are used to make the drug can cause harm if the body became very dependent on it. We might as well check other options to work as a great alternative. Professionals and doctors should be able to come up with a good alternative, and preferably more on the natural products. Furthermore, there should be more programs to exercise the inner feelings on how to cope up with stress and uplifting the spirit, which technically helps one person to feel better, than taking drugs.
11:33 PM on 10/29/2011
Far be it from me to determine whose depression requires chemical adjustment and whose does not, but I am hard pressed to believe that nearly half of all women -- of all ages -- need these pills. We are an overdrugged nation and frankly, we women are the worst offenders. The third highest cause of death is medical errors and half of those are from properly administered prescription drugs. I admire the woman who wrote she's dealing with the tragedy of a divorce and understands her symptoms will gradually go away. Heaven help her though if she tells her MD about her concerns. 74% of all doctor visits result in a prescription. For the specifics from the CDC, see http://nogginstrain.blogspot.com/2011/10/you-can-take-pill-for-that.html
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Vajara
vajara
09:17 AM on 11/01/2011
You are so right on target about the dangers of these chemicals. The best way to avoid the dependency is to refuse to take them and find a doctor who will support other options. Ask your doctor if he has taken these antidepression pills, if not, then he is a charlatan. If he/she doesn't offer or discuss alternatives to meds, just goes to show you, they don't care about you, believes in the 'quick' fix and is probably getting kick backs or special gifts from the BigPharmas. Psychiatry and doctors who are not aware of these dangers and don't maintain a followup, aftercare and continuing care service have created a drug culture beyond belief and putting their patients at high risk and endanger their lives. Ask if they are licensed to practice medicine and follow their Code of Ethics...Cause No Harm!
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Deep Thinking Man
Always Remember, A Wet Bird Never Flies At Night !
04:56 PM on 10/29/2011
you might want to look into Medical Marijuana for depression and many other illnesses !!!!!
11:47 AM on 10/27/2011
I am one of those on the maintenance phase of anti-depressants. I meet all but two of the criteria for it (not a substance abuser, and no anxiety disorder). I've been on and off AD's many times in my life, and it's difficult for me to be a functional human being without them. I'm okay with this, and if I have to take them the rest of my life, I'm okay with that too. Those of you who might think that no one needs anti-depressants, please think again. Yes, they may be overprescribed, and yes, they might be abused by some, but there are people for whom anti-depressants are a godsend and a necessity. Things are rarely black and white.
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Paluxy Moon
06:48 PM on 10/25/2011
Doctors hand out anti-depressants like candy, with no instructions on how to get off them. "They're not addictive" my *ss! I spent two separate Christmas vacations getting off Prozac and Zoloft. NEVER AGAIN.

Now, it's exercise, sunshine, good eating, avoidance of negative people (including any family members that meet this criteria), and walking away from stressful situations whenever possible.
12:21 PM on 10/25/2011
I'm definitely depressed because I'm going through a divorce. I'm not taking antidepressants. Depression seems to be what is the natural course. I aim to get through on my own without these pills. Yes, I'm not quite myself now (sleep more, weight loss, don't enjoy the things in life that previously gave me joy, drinking alone).....but why would I think I could go through a 17 year failed marriage without any side affects? I should add that I have NOT felt completely hopeless and that I couldn't go on though.

Having said all that, can someone please explain to me why on earth pharmaceuticals would say " take this only for a week and if you don't feell results, we'll give you your money back"....No, instead they tell you "oh, you have to take this for at least a year before we'll even know if it helps". And then, once they determine that " it helps", why on earth would the pharmaceuticals say, " when you're ready to go off of these, just stop, return your unused pills and we'll refund them" . Instead they say" oh, you need to wean yourself off of these....amd take a year to do it". So how much more lining did we add to the pockets of the pharmaceuticals? What a racket.

People, don't be so quick to take the easiest route in a pill. Humans found a way before them, and still can now.
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Djay0252
American First, Second, and ALWAYS
03:22 PM on 10/25/2011
I agree with you. I am sure this depression is temporary and not extreme so I would say you don't need them. I know you will get through this....best of luck in the future.
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10:16 PM on 10/25/2011
Grieving the loss of your marriage and being clinically depressed are two very different things. Anti-depressants saved my life. When I was seven I jump off the second floor banister at my school and broke my leg. When asked why I jumped I looked my mother straight in the eye and told her that eye wanted to die. I challenge all the anti-psychiatry people who swear that they would never "drug" their children to have that happen to them and not consider medicine. Anyway, these "drugs' weren't around back then and it wasn't until my second suicide attempt at age 13 that I was put on a clinical trial for prozac which changed my life. If the prozac didn't work I would have probably had to have electroshock therapy. They aren't "happy pills" and I still get sad, I had a particularly hard time after my mother got breast cancer but I never went spiraling down the rabbit-hole of depression that would lead me too a third suicide attempt thanks partially to anti-depressants. Telling the clinically depressed to stop taking their medications just because you are able to handle grieving a divorce is not only disingenuous but is incredibly dangerous.
02:29 PM on 10/26/2011
I agree with Librarian Sarah and Onwardigo. Depression is a very complex issue right? I would certainly like to see a more Integrative approach, but sometimes depression is life threatening and needs immediate attention with a fast acting agent? I sympathize with Librarian Sarah because my daughter suffers from childhood depression as did myself. I don't claim to know all the answers to individual biological reaction to treatment, but I have found great relief through nutritional supplements. 5 HTP, Theanine, Omega 3 essential fatty acids and supplemental vitamin D have been of great help. In our cases we have both gone from suicidal thoughts to normally functioning happy people in a matter of months. I believe for a great number of sufferers treatments such as getting more exercise, sunlight and most importantly nutritional supplements can be very effective. This is also the belief of a number of prominent doctors such as Dr. Mark Hyman, Dr. Daniel Ahmen and Dr. Andrew Weil.
It just seems to be important to continue to bring Integrative Medicine up as a viable treatment option since it is rarely mentioned in the main stream media. Good luck to all who are suffering from this terrible condition.
10:40 PM on 10/26/2011
And God help those who are clinically depressed AND experiencing major life changes like a divorce. Like you, depressant medication has saved my life. What happens, tho, is that people begin to feel as though they are able to handle life (because the depressants are helping with the emotional affect, etc) and stop taking the medication. The downward spiral for clinically depressed people is different than for those who are quitting cold turkey after taking medication that are meant to act as the boost they need to make it through a tough life event.

It's taken me many years to learn what's best .. how to adjust dosages so that I don't have a flat affect yet still can experience human emotions in a healthy way, and allow me to feel some joy in day to day living. Diet, exercise, rest, healthy living is also important for clinically depressed people. It is beyond exhausting, and very, very expensive, to try to manage depression without the help of pharmaceuticals for some of us.