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Tim Giago
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Tim Giago is a member of the Oglala Lakota Tribe. He was born on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota on July 12, 1934.

Giago attended elementary and high school at the Holy Rosary Indian Mission. He enlisted in the United States Navy during the Korean Conflict in 1951 and was honorably discharged in 1958.

He attended college at San Jose Junior College in San Jose, California in 1960 under the G.I. Bill and transferred to the University of Nevada at Reno. He majored in business with a minor in journalism. He was awarded the prestigious Nieman Fellowship in Journalism to Harvard University for the years 1990-1991.

Giago was the founder of the Lakota Times in 1981. The newspaper withstood firebombs, had its windows shot out with shotguns on three separate occasions and Giago received many death threats including one attempt on his life while building the newspaper successfully on the Pine Ridge Reservation. The paper was re-named Indian Country Today in 1992. He served as editor and publisher for 18 years building it into the largest independent Indian newspaper in America before selling the paper in 1998. He started the Lakota Journal in 2000 and served as its editor and publisher until his retirement in July of 2004. Indian Country Today, The Lakota Journal and the Dakota Journal are still viable weekly newspapers that were all founded by Mr. Giago. The Lakota Country Times at Kyle, SD and the Teton Times in McLaughlin, SD, are both weekly newspapers started by former editors Amanda War Bonnet and Avis Little Eagle, who were both trained by Giago at his newspapers. A former Lakota Times employee, Kevin Peniska, started Wellness Magazine.

He was the founder and first president of the Native American Journalists Association in 1984. In 1983 he sent letters to every Indian newspaper he could find asking them if they would be interested in forming a Native American Press Association. He then worked with Journalism Professor Bill Dulaney of Penn State to raise the money to hold the first meeting of Indian journalists at Penn State. He was elected as the first President of the association when it was formally assembled on the Choctaw Nation the next year. He was the recipient of the H.L. Mencken Award for Editorial Writing from the Baltimore Sun in 1985. He holds Honorary Doctoral Degrees from Bacone College in Oklahoma and from the Nebraska Indian Community College at Winnebago, NE.

Giago was inducted into the South Dakota Hall of Fame in 1994.

Giago has received many professional awards including the University of Missouri School of Journalism’s Honor Award for Distinguished Service in Journalism in 1991, The South Dakota Education Association/National Education Human and Civil Rights Award in 1988, the Golden Quill Award for Outstanding Editorial Writing by the International Society of Weekly Newspaper Editors in 1997, and Best Local Column by the South Dakota Newspaper Association for the years 1985 and 2003 and the Great Spirits Award from the Navajo Institute of Social Justice in September of 2004. The Harvard Foundation honored him in 1991 for his contributions to the growth of American Indian newspapers and Indian journalism.

In 1976 his weekly television show, The First Americans, made its debut on KEVN in Rapid City, SD. It became the first weekly television show hosted and produced by an American Indian on a commercial television station.

His books include The Aboriginal Sin and Notes from Indian Country Volumes I and II. Giago also edited and helped write The American Indian and the Media. His new book, Children Left Behind was published in August of 2006 by Clear Light Book Publishing, Inc., Santa Fe, NM.

He has served on many boards including three years on the Freedom Forum Board of Advisors with Allen Neuharth, founder of USA Today, and on the Running Strong for America Board with Billy Mills, the winner of the 10,000 meter Gold Medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics.

A column by Giago challenging Republican Governor George Mickelson of South Dakota to proclaim 1990 a Year of Reconciliation to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Massacre at Wounded Knee was accepted by the Governor and 1990 was proclaimed The Year of Reconciliation between Indians and whites.

That same year an editorial by Giago was read on the floor of the Sate Legislature by Lynn Hart, a half Lakota, half African American. The editorial called for the state to change Columbus Day to Native American Day. The legislators voted in favor of it and South Dakota became the only state in the union to celebrate Native American Day as a state holiday.

He has appeared on national television on shows such as Nightline and the Oprah Winfrey Show. He has also been featured in many magazines such as Newsweek and People Magazines. His weekly column, Notes from Indian Country, appears nationally and also appears in many South Dakota newspapers as well as in many Indian newspapers and on the websites of indianz.com, nativetimes.com and huffingtonpost.com.

Giago has lectured on Indian issues at many colleges and universities including Harvard, MIT, UCLA, University of Illinois, Boise State, Chadron State, Bacone College, Nebraska Indian Community College, Florida A&M, University of Colorado, Navajo Community College at Shiprock, NM, and Miami of Ohio University to name a few.

His weekly column is distributed by McClatchey News Service (formerly Knight Ridder) in Washington, DC.

He can be reached at 605-430-8217, najournalists@rushmore.com, or by writing him at Tim Giago, P.O. Box 9244, Rapid City, SD 57709.

Blog Entries by Tim Giago

Indians as Mascots for America's Fun and Games

Posted February 9, 2012 | 2/9/12

"The dogs may bark, but the caravan moves on," is an old Arab proverb.

I quoted this old saying more than 25 years ago when I first broached the subject of the use of Indians as mascots for America's fun and games. An article I wrote for Newsweek magazine...

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Slamming the Door on the Government Thieves

5 Comments | Posted February 6, 2012 | 2/6/12

Before you decide to throw rocks at Carol Good Bear, Kimberly Craven, Charles Colombe, or Mary Lee Johns, the four plaintiffs appealing the Cobell settlement, stop and think about it because these four souls may be the last line of defense between you and another government rip-off.

Two of...

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The Second Poorest County in America

7 Comments | Posted January 25, 2012 | 1/25/12

The old saying goes that "The more things change, the more they stay the same." That, my friends, is the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in a nutshell.

The 1980 U.S. Census proclaimed Shannon County, the heart of the Pine Ridge Reservation, as the single poorest county in America. Thirty...

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Alcohol Is a Red Flag That Has Been Waving Too Long

1 Comments | Posted January 17, 2012 | 1/17/12


I got an email from Lonnie Burnett this morning. Lonnie is a Tribal Council Member of the Kaw Nation of Oklahoma. He started by saying he has been a fan of mine for many, many years and then he got to the subject of his letter.

He...

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December 29, 'A Day That Will Live in Infamy' for the Lakota

14 Comments | Posted December 28, 2011 | 12/28/11

Most white South Dakotans forget that in December of 1890 there were still violent hostilities that existed between the Lakota and the United States. To this day an all-inclusive peace treaty has never been signed between the tribes of the Great Sioux Nation and the United States government.

On...

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SuAnne Died Young, but Her Legacy Lives On

4 Comments | Posted December 12, 2011 | 12/12/11

SuAnne Big Crow was furious after she watched an NBC broadcast about the Pine Ridge Reservation in 1981. "They came here and showed all of the terrible things and did not bother to show any of the good things," she said.

Big Crow was a star basketball player, and...

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'The Outside of a Horse is Good for the Inside of a Man'

Posted November 23, 2011 | 11/23/11

Our daughter Susan's mare Lacey got her rear left foot tangled in barbed wire. After making sure she was alright and after looking at the damage we were sure she would never be the barrel racer or pole bender she had been.

There was a full page...

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Two Old Adversaries Face Terminal Cancer Ailments

Posted November 7, 2011 | 11/7/11

I find it ironic that two adversaries, two domineering personalities that clashed over a number of years, have both been diagnosed with terminal cancer.

Several weeks ago activist Russell Means announced that he had throat cancer and it was incurable. Last week former South Dakota Governor William Janklow announced...

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ABC News: Reflecting on the Obvious at Pine Ridge

Posted October 19, 2011 | 10/19/11

NBC made a visit to the Pine Ridge Reservation in November of 1989. The result was a horrible newscast titled, "Tragedy at Pine Ridge." The tragedy was that NBC showed up.

One young Lakota lady basketball star named SuAnne Big Crow took exception to the telecast and attacked it as...

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Why Did the Native American People Convert to a Foreign Religion?

Posted October 19, 2011 | 10/19/11

It is written (Niehardt -- Black Elk Speaks -- 1932) that in the end, Black Elk converted to Catholicism and it is also well-known that Lakota Chief Red Cloud also converted to Catholicism and this brings us to ask: Why?

There have been many very traditional Lakota who never gave...

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The Enigma of American Indian Movement Leader Russell Means

Posted October 11, 2011 | 10/11/11

As I look back on my life from the pinnacle of the seventh decade my reflections turn to the life of Russell Means. He is suffering from incurable cancer.

Americans have short memories. A few weeks ago while visiting some Native Americans students at Central High School in Rapid City...

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The Irony of the Black Hills Buffalo Roundup

Posted October 2, 2011 | 10/2/11

There is a historic marker west of Custer, S. D. that reads: "Historic Sites, Buffalo Rock - Site where the last buffalo was killed in the Black Hills in 1887 by Joe Humphreus, Bob Patterson - Charles Sager nearby is the site of the first lime kiln in the Black...

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The Indian Mission Kids Only Knew Him As 'Rochester'

Posted September 29, 2011 | 9/29/11

My old friend and classmate, Patrick Red Elk, from the Catholic Indian mission boarding school we attended, died a couple of weeks ago and as I read his obituary in the local daily I swear that I would not have known who he was if I had not run into...

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One of America's Best Kept Secrets

Posted August 28, 2011 | 8/28/11

"Butch" Felix, the Lakota Eyapaha (Master of Ceremonies) for the 39th Annual Graduation ceremonies of Sinte Gleska University on the Rosebud Reservation, stood at the podium and after glancing behind him at the seated dignitaries in attendance said, "There is a big hurricane about to hit Washington D.C. so all...

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Notes from Indian Country: The Christian Bible As a Weapon of Mass Destruction

Posted August 22, 2011 | 8/22/11

Michele Bachmann and Rick Perry appear to be leading a parade of GOP presidential candidates in front of a marching band playing, "Onward Christian Soldiers."

Perry insists that evolution and global warming are merely theories among many theories and implies that creationism should be...

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Newspapers That Know Their Community and Readers Aren't Failing

Posted August 15, 2011 | 8/15/11

Suppose that every major newspaper in the United States decided to pull its paper from the Internet? Would they sink even faster?

A publisher would first have to look at that mythical bottom line. Is the newspaper making or losing money by posting the entire paper on the Internet?

A...

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Shooting of Police Officer Brings Anxiety to Indian Community

Posted August 5, 2011 | 8/5/11

The relationship between Native Americans and Rapid City's law enforcement has been contentious at best.

Indians began to move to Rapid City during the Great Depression and during World War II in search of jobs that were nearly non-existent on the reservations. Many found jobs, settled down, and became...

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Walking Away from the Editor's Desk

Posted February 28, 2011 | 2/28/11

A retiring lawyer takes down his shingle, a boxer hangs up his gloves, and an old soldier never dies; he just fades away.

So what happens to a newspaper editor when he feels that it is time to make his last deadline? I suppose he just closes the door behind...

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South Dakota Winters Set Records That Still Stand

Posted February 22, 2011 | 2/22/11

It was five below zero when I left home for the office this morning. The forecast calls for a high of 14 degrees above zero today and, believe it or not, folks in Rapid City are saying, "Oh good, it's going to be a warm day."

Therein lies the difference...

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Wounded Knee was Burned to the Ground; Not Liberated

Posted February 13, 2011 | 2/13/11

There are posters floating about and advertisements asking residents of the Pine Ridge Reservation to celebrate the "Liberation" of Wounded Knee in February of 1973.

This action causes many of us old timers to scratch our heads in wonderment and ask ourselves, what is it that was liberated?

Were...

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