iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Tony Blankley

Tony Blankley

Posted: January 27, 2010 12:03 PM

Repeal the 17th Amendment

What's Your Reaction:

As I was preparing to write a column on the ludicrous maligning of the Tea Party movement by liberals, Democrats and the mainstream media (which I hope to write next week, instead), I started thinking about one of the key objectives of the Tea Party people -- the strict enforcement of the 10th Amendment ("The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people").

As an early 1960s vintage member of the then-new conservative movement, I remember us focusing on the 10th amendment during the 1964 Goldwater campaign. It has been a staple of conservative thought, and the continued dormancy of 10th amendment enforcement has been one of the failures of our now half-century-old movement.

But just as the Tea Party movement in so many ways seems to represent the 2.0 version of our movement, so I again thought about the 10th amendment anew. After about 10 seconds' thought, it struck me that the best way to revive the 10th Amendment is to repeal the 17th Amendment -- which changes the first paragraph of Article I, Section 3 of the Constitution to provide that each state's senators are to be "elected by the people thereof" rather than being "chosen by the Legislature thereof." (As I Googled the topic, I found out that Ron Paul and others have been talking about this for years. It may be the only subject that could be proposed and ratified at a constitutional convention with three-fourths of the state legislatures.)

At first blush, this might seem counterintuitive, as the 17th Amendment was brought about by a populist movement supercharged by muckraking articles in the newspapers of William Randolph Hearst. Those articles exposed corporate bribery of state legislators to control senatorial votes. As the direct election of senators by the people was a reaction to the corrupt lobbying of state legislatures that so aggrieved late-19th-century Americans, it might seem odd to recommend its repeal now -- when again, corrupt lobbying and the aggrandizing of excessive government power over the people is part of the fuel that is driving the tea parties. It certainly seems particularly odd for me to suggest this just a week after the election of Scott Brown to the Senate by an aggrieved public that has just overwhelmed with their individual votes the Boston Democratic machine.

But in my defense, let me initially note that the 17th amendment has not yet ended the legal but appalling bribery of U.S. senators -- it has merely moved it to Washington. Senators today succumb far too often to such influence -- whether from the White House, the leaders of the Senate or national lobbying forces. Moreover, it has been since 1913, when the 17th Amendment was enacted into law, that the 10th Amendment increasingly began to be ignored.

The nature of our government is largely a product of political power being applied to lawmakers and executors. The U.S. Constitution remains in force to the extent that its arrangement of political power tends to be the happy byproduct of power's self-interested exercise. The genius of our Founding Fathers was to recognize the inevitable victory of power over principle -- and to so arrange the distribution of power that in that exercise of self-interest, offsetting forces would keep constitutionally guaranteed rights in existence nonetheless.

With episodic waxing and waning, that arrangement has worked reasonably well for over 200 years as among the separated powers of the three federal branches: Congress, the presidency and the Supreme Court.

It has almost completely failed as between the once sovereign states and the federal government. The sovereignty of the state was overturned (or, if one prefers, disproved) with the conclusion of the Civil War. The remaining states' rights began to be undermined with the post Civil War 14th Amendment. Through expansive interpretations of the 14th Amendment, the Supreme Court progressively reduced states' rights by nationalizing the Bill of Rights, starting in 1897 (Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago); continuing in 1947 with Justice Hugo Black's famous dissent in Adamson v. California; and concluding in 1961 when the court in Mapp v. Ohio totally incorporated the Bill of Rights to the states through the 14th Amendment's due process clause.

For about a hundred years after the Civil War, defense of "states' right's" was most conspicuously made to defend continuing limitations on the rights of blacks. Thus, states' rights were seen as a mere euphemism for a repugnant and retrograde proposition, and were therefore a weak banner under which to defend more noble political propositions.

As federal power was expanded at the expense of state rights in order to vindicate the rights of blacks (and, less visibly, to aggrandize other powers in Washington), a dangerous constitutional imbalance came into being regarding all federal/state jurisdictional matters.

The most efficient method of regaining the original constitutional balance is to return to the original constitutional structure. If senators were again selected by state legislatures, the longevity of Senate careers would be tethered to their vigilant defense of their state's interest -- rather than to the interest of Washington forces of influence.

The Senate then would take on its original function -- the place where the states are represented in the federal government.

Senators still would be just as likely to be corrupted. But the corruption would be dispersed to the 50 separate state legislatures. The corruption more often would be on behalf of state interests. And its remedy would be achievable by the vigilance of voters for more responsive state legislative seats (typically, about less than 50,000 residences per state legislator), rather than Senate seats (the entire population of the state -- usually millions.)

Only by changing the architecture of power will we change the shape and exercise of power.

 
 
 
  • Comments
  • 257
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3 4 5  Next ›  Last »  (6 total)
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Peter Noble 2
11:30 AM on 01/28/2010
I am a naturalized citizen, a dual citizen of the EU but I only carry an American passport. This is the most corrupt country I've ever lived and voted in. As a Liberal I am now without a party I can with good conscience vote for. Clearly the Tea Party members feel the same but god knows why.

Until we get rid of rule by 2 monolithic parties, it will not matter where or how we elect our Senators, they will be corrupted on taking the oath. We need to have more views in the Senate not less. We need to use some kind of proportional vote..like they do in Germany.

As a New Yorker that last thing we need is our votes utterly ignored by Albany. They are so corrupt, sometimes arranging seats with no opponents that democracy is an utterly foreign concept to them. Forget morality they lack ethics, except those of crooks and bankers. Getting rid of the 17th Amendment would be a poor reform, it's not geography that's the problem it's the Oligarchs.
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
BBinMT
Is this a 5 minute argument or the full half hour?
11:18 AM on 01/28/2010
Tony, if you think that repealing the 17th ammendment to the constitution is going to solve the problem of the corporate take over of government, you are naive. Your conservative "principles" and "ideologies" of free market capitalism are the cause of the problem. Let us begin with the repealing of the Glass-Steagall act, emasculating financial regulatory agencies, blowing up all of the depression era protections that were put in place to hold the financial sector in check and favor the middle class, dynamiting the top marginal tax rate, and implementing complicated, counterproductive trade deals are all part and parcel, causes of the problem. These policies led us to our plutocracy that allows those in congress to be bought. Write an article on campaign finance reform to start, then tackle the above problems I enumerated. The 17th ammendment is the least of our worries.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
minerva117
The dog ate my micro bio.
11:35 AM on 01/28/2010
This is from the guy who thinks we libs are "demonizing" the tea party movement. From what I've seen of them, waving banners with a Hitlerized Obama, holocaust dead, Obama as the Joker, etc., it is my opinion that they demonized themselves. They represent the lunatic fringe of the right, and to make them mainstream is a mistake.
02:28 AM on 01/31/2010
Repealing the 17th amendment won't stop money from influencing senators. The point is to return power to the states. People can become enamored with a candidate for reasons other than the candidate's policies. The House of Representatives is there to represent the people. The senate was originally intended to give the states a check on the power of the federal government.
A state legislature is much more likely to be pragmatic about the history and performance of senators. At one time the staes were not homogenous politically like they are now. this is a direct result of the 17th amendment. There are those who want to consolidate power in the federal government, which is in conflict with what the founders intended. The states formed the federal government. Our national motto is E. Pluribus Unum. This is Latin for "out of many one'. That is how the government was formed.

I know there are many progresives who will try to argue against states' rights. I understand their argument, but it doesn't reflect my opinion about it. In other words, its just another opinion.
11:02 AM on 01/28/2010
It is interesting that a conservative is suggesting we take power away from the people by not letting them vote for their Senators. If a Dem/Lib/Progressive suggested this, the right would be all over it.

The conservatives are supposed to be all about the power of the individual and a "strict interrpretation" of the Constitution. Then again, their silence on warrentless wiretapping was deafening.

The conservative movement seems to select its Amendments it deems convenient to thier arguments.
09:16 AM on 01/29/2010
We already have a body that represents the people. It's called the House of Representatives. The Senate is supposed to represent State goverment interests. If we are not going to repeal the 17th amendment then ABOLISH THE SENATE as it's completely worthless.
photo
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
Rooster Coburn
Less Gov't + More Responsibility = A Better World
10:09 AM on 01/28/2010
Each state's legislature should have a joint committee tasked with the duty to determine exactly which federal laws, regulations and supreme court decisions will be permitted by that state to take effect within that state.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
margoharris
I used to be Snow White but I drifted.
12:02 PM on 01/28/2010
Ah, yes let's have that race to the bottom. Let's trust the local yokels to decide.
That is a crazy idea and would be a disaster.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
lmrgreen
Progressive, breast cancer survivor, avid
09:07 AM on 01/28/2010
Special interest control of our Senators is not going to be stopped by repealing an amendment - the only way to truly take back control of our political process is to pass a constitutional amendment removing the money from the game. Public financing, with no opt-out is the only way we have any hope of tackling the real problem, which is the strangle-hold corporations have on our political process, especially after last week's SCOTUS decision. Why attack the symptom, when we can wipe out the disease?
photo
Democrat in the South
Empathy, the most important word
09:49 AM on 01/28/2010
How can you wipe out the disease when the Supreme court is infected.
09:20 AM on 01/29/2010
Maybe true, but it's easier for voters to watch local representatives than national ones. No one claims it will eliminate special interest interference; just like nobody claims that a wall will stop 100% of people crossing the southern border illegally.

What it WILL do is help. Maybe a little, maybe a lot. I say run congress the way it was designed by Madison and others.
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
1murillo
Can't be neutral on a moving train - Zinn
02:57 AM on 01/28/2010
Repealing the 17th Amendment (in order to remove popular selection of Senators) would be backwards.
The House and Senate are different houses because of the make up of each body, not because of how they are chosen.
Using Blankley's logic we would live in a monarchy, where people have no say over who's in power. His corruption argument is specious.
09:26 AM on 01/29/2010
Actually...

Federalist #62 part II by James Madison:
--
II. It is equally unnecessary to dilate on the appointment of senators by the State legislatures. Among the various modes which might have been devised for constituting this branch of the government, that which has been proposed by the convention is probably the most congenial with the public opinion. It is recommended by the double advantage of favoring a select appointment, and of giving to the State governments such an agency in the formation of the federal government as must secure the authority of the former, and may form a convenient link between the two systems.
-

Read the whole of Federalist #62 if you must. Direct election of Senators obliterates the whole purpose of the Senate representing STATE SOVEREIGN INTERESTS.
11:47 PM on 01/27/2010
Let me get this straight...Some of you folks want to stop electing your Senators?

I find this weird, given that in Canada we don't elect our Senators, they're chosen by the Prime Minister. There's proposals out there to end this practice and start electing Senators...
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
Y3rMawm
veni, vidi, bibi.
10:49 PM on 01/27/2010
1913 was a banner year for Progressives. We dealt the biggest blow to States rights since Abraham Lincoln by passing the 16 & 17th Amendments. Shortly afterward the Federal Reserve Act was passed.

Is this that so-called progress of which Progressives speak?
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
1murillo
Can't be neutral on a moving train - Zinn
03:16 AM on 01/28/2010
Lincoln's good work wasn't against states' rights as much as it was the union's rights above states' rights. The 14th and 15th amendments were also very important. States' rights are how many states in our country kept slaves, and citizens, away from power; it'd be i_norant to go back.
photo
OdinsEye
Korean-Latino cop and retired military combat vet
08:29 PM on 01/27/2010
I support the repeal of the 17th. The Senate was to be chosen by the state legislatures for a reason -- the senators represent the state as a whole, whereas Representative represent their particular district. It was done like this to maintain the system of balances in our goverment. The 17th Amendment basically just made the Senate an extension of the House of Reps.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Dr Scott
All I ask is that you make sense
06:36 PM on 01/27/2010
Earth to Blankley... This is 2010, not 1910. You're worried Senate corruption? Please. I find that really hard to believe.
The days of 13 far-flung, agrarian colonies is long over. The idea of having states for anything other that bureaucratic expedience is silly. I'm an American first and a Texan second. I'm a lot prouder if the first than the second.
If you want to stem political corruption, then limit terms, get corporations and PACs out of the election funding business, and make sentences for corruption convictions equivalent with those for treason. Problem solved.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
Y3rMawm
veni, vidi, bibi.
10:10 PM on 01/27/2010
It is arrogant to think that our technology and mobility grants us immunity from the same problems that have plagued civilization since it's inception. This is about freedom, and choice of governance. The core function of Republic is to enable people to vote with their feet. Now there is no choice.

Centralized the control and planning only provides a larger the pool of accumulated taxpayer capital as a means to bigger the bureaucracy, and finally bigger corruption. Ultimately collapse, then dictatorship.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
raker
06:23 PM on 01/27/2010
Great idea. Lets put everything to a popular vote. What could go wrong?
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
IntelligenceIsBliss
05:42 PM on 01/27/2010
Anyone who listens to Tony Blankley is a f00l. He is a paid shill for corporate "conservatives" who want to undermine the federal government so there is no legitimate power standing in the way of the corporate takeover of America. You might not like the federal government, but it is the only institiution in America that is preventing neo-feudalism, with banks and corporations taking the place of the nobility and the rest of us returned to serfdom.
Bladernr1001
Vote Libertarian
12:03 AM on 01/28/2010
So who is he paid by?...back it up.
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
BMcCue7
I'm Buddy McCue (and you're not.)
03:45 PM on 01/28/2010
I listen to him, because I subscribe to KCRW's "Left, Right and Center" podcast.
http://feeds.kcrw.com/kcrw/lr

It's a good show, entertaining and informative. Tony Blankley is a regular on the show, along with Matthew Miller, Robert Scheer, and A rianna H uffington. It's always interesting to hear them argue with one another.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
05:25 PM on 01/27/2010
Tony, I assume this is tounge in cheek. There is absolutely no way such an amendment would be passed, either through the normal process or through a convention process....

So, with tounge firmly in cheek, I shall propose an alternative....

You should assert that the 17th Amendment is unconstitutional. Take a deep breath and follow the argument. How in the name of constitutional law can an amendment, duly ratified by the requisite 3/4 of the states be unconstitutional? Easy, take a close look at Article V of the Constitution. It provides for certain exceptions to the amendment process... the only exception being relevant today and for our purposes is this:

"that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate."

Now a pretty decent argument can be made that this means more than that each state will have an equal number of senators. If the meaning is that the State, as an entity, is entitled to equal representation in the Senate and that the 17th deprives them of this representation since the power to elect senators is taken from the state and given to the people of said state... well Houston, we have a problem,.... the 17th was not ratified by ALL of the states and can not therefore be a valid amendment under Article V.

More...
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
06:08 PM on 01/27/2010
continued...

There is a problem with this approach, however. It means that there is no valid forum which can address the issue. If the 17th is unconstitutional, it is void ab initio, and no action taken by a senate composed of elected Senators can be valid... no law passed after 1913 can be valid, no treaty passed after 1913 is binding and.... NO JUDGES confirmed by the Senate after 1913 validly hold their seat... No judges, no SCOTUS; No SCOTUS, no court to declare that the 17th is unconstitutional... a classic catch 22.

;-)
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
Y3rMawm
veni, vidi, bibi.
10:24 PM on 01/27/2010
That's one approach to fixing this Gordian Knot. Unfortunately, this ill begotten govt will never nullify itself.

"At consent of the governed"
photo
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
MsLiz
burned out attorney, flaming liberal
07:49 PM on 01/27/2010
What is a tounge and what is it doing in your cheek? Does it rhyme with lounge?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sdried
05:17 PM on 01/27/2010
I would argue for the elimination of the Senate altogether or its relegation to a symbolic or honorary body like the House of Lords. It is fundamentally undemocratic has has stood in the way of reform for more than a century. It gives outsized influence to backwaters like Wyoming that are really nothing more than rotten buroughs.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
06:12 PM on 01/27/2010
"I would argue for the elimination of the Senate"

You can argue all you want, it will never happen.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sdried
10:23 PM on 01/27/2010
It will happen no sooner or later than repeal of the 17th Amendment!
06:27 PM on 01/27/2010
Short of eliminating the Senate which is virtually impossible we could demand, campaign for and insist upon a complete and thorough public review of the opaque and esoteric rules that give individual senators powers that were never intended by the Constitution, and this idiotic fillibuster procedure that serves to be a blockade to progress. The Senate must be forced to recognize that the current practices of accepting campaign cash constitue a criminal conflict of interest. Therefore any Senator who accepts corporate contributions must be obiged to recuse himself from any involvment in any ligislation beneficial to his corporate masters under pain of exulsion from his seat.
07:12 PM on 01/27/2010
Be careful what you wish for - you just might get it!
04:54 PM on 01/27/2010
As bad as congress is, most state legislators are much more corrupt. Awful idea.
05:07 PM on 01/27/2010
Short and sweet. Well done.
11:39 PM on 01/27/2010
Seriously. Up here in AK a few years ago it came out that about half the state legislature was being bought by ARCO, an oil field services company. The pols even printed hats and t-shirts with the letters CBC for "Corrupt Bastards Club". Most of the ones implicated got off, including Ted Steven's son who was President of the State Senate, but a few were convicted and are now serving prison terms. Who knows how bad our senators would be (not that our DC delegation is great) if those guys had been choosing them.