Co-authored by Kate Chandley
Illegal U.S. drone strikes continue (the Long War Journal says there have been eight drones strikes in Yemen so far this year), but efforts to curb the use of killer drones have made remarkable headway this year.
While the faith-based community has taken far too long to address the moral issues posed by remote-controlled killing, on Feb. 13 the World Council of Churches -- the largest coalition of Christian churches -- came out in opposition to the use of armed drones. The Council said that the use of armed drones poses a "serious threat to humanity" and condemned, in particular, U.S. drone strikes in Pakistan. This is a breakthrough in the religious community and should make it easier for individual denominations to make similar pronouncements, as the Church of the Brethren has.
There have also been major developments in the secular world. In February the European Union, with an overwhelming vote of 534 to 49, passed a resolution calling on EU member states to "oppose and ban the practice of extrajudicial targeted killings" and demanding that EU member states "not perpetrate unlawful targeted killings or facilitate such killings by other states." This resolution will pressure individual European nations to stop their own production and/or use of killer drones (especially the UK, Germany, Italy and France) and their collaboration with the U.S. drone program.
People on the receiving end of U.S. drone strikes have also stepped up their opposition. On April 1 a group of friends and family of drone-strike victims in Yemen came together to form the National Organization for Drone Victims. This is the first time anywhere that drone-strike victims have created their own entity to support one another and seek redress. The organization plans to conduct its own investigations, focusing on the civilian impact of drone attacks. At the official launch, which was packed with press, the group said any government official supporting the U.S. drones should be tried in a criminal court. "Today we launch this new organization, which will be the starting point for us to get justice and to take legal measures on a national and international scale against anyone who is aiding these crimes," said the organization's president, Mohammad Ali al-Qawli, whose brother was killed in a drone strike.
The Pakistani government has taken its opposition to drone strikes directly to the UN Human Rights Council. Pakistan, with the co-sponsorship of Yemen, introduced a resolution calling for transparency in drone strikes and for setting up a committee of experts to address the legal issues. Despite the opposition of the United States, which boycotted the talks and lobbied to kill the resolution, it passed on March 24 by a vote of 27 to 6, with 14 abstentions. The panel of experts that will be convened is scheduled to present its findings at the UN Human Rights Council session in September 2014.
Ben Emmerson, UN Special Rapporteur on Terrorism, also used this session of the UN Human Rights Council to release a detailed report on the issue of drones. Emmerson examined 37 instances of drone strikes in which civilians were reportedly killed or injured and concluded that nations using drones must provide a "public explanation of the circumstances and a justification for the use of deadly force." Emmerson said it was critical for the international community to reach a consensus on many issues presented by drones strikes, including state sovereignty and whether it is legal to target a hostile person in a nonbelligerent state.
These new developments have come about due to increasing public scrutiny and protests against drone attacks, such as the ongoing protests at the Hancock, Beale, and Creech Air Force Bases; the headquarters of drone manufacturer General Atomics; the White House; the CIA; Congress; and the Pentagon. The entire month of April has been designated for Days of Action, with film showings, talks, "die-ins," reenactments of drone strikes and other creative actions happening throughout the country.
Activists opposing weaponized drones are pleased to finally see more movement at the international level, and they hope that this will result in heightened pressure on the Obama administration, both internationally and domestically, to stop its policy of targeted assassinations and instead adhere to the rule of law.
Medea Benjamin is co-founder of codepink.org and globalexchange.org and author of Drone Warfare: Killing by Remote Control.
Kate Chandley is an international affairs and political science student at Northeastern University and intern at codepink.org.