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Adam Winkler

Adam Winkler

Posted: September 10, 2010 10:50 AM

Yesterday's ruling by a federal court that the military's Don't Ask, Don't Tell is unconstitutional couldn't come at a better time for gay rights. Just last month, a different federal court, also in California, invalidated that state's ban on same-sex marriage--a decision that some predict could be upheld by the Supreme Court. The tide seems to be surging for equal rights for all, regardless of sexual orientation.

The latest landmark decision, however, may not stand for long. In the 17 years since the Clinton Compromise--when the tenderfoot president backed down from his campaign promise to repeal the ban on gays in the military, permitting instead gays to serve only if they were closeted--the federal courts have repeatedly upheld the policy. The court that will hear the appeal of yesterday's ruling, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, has itself weighed in before, siding with the government.

Any case of this magnitude could spark the interest of the Supreme Court. Yet while the Court has been favorable to gay rights in landmark cases, in this area like so many others the Court is split on ideological lines, with Justice Anthony Kennedy the swing vote. Even though Kennedy has been a relatively strong vote for equal rights, he also believes the military, whose mission is so vital to national security, should receive special deference. Kennedy's tolerance may stop at the barracks door.

Before he joined the Supreme Court, Kennedy was a judge on the Ninth Circuit when he directly addressed the conflict between gay rights and military deference. Ruling on the more draconian, pre-Clinton policy, Kennedy voted to uphold the complete ban on gays in the military because "constitutional rights must be viewed in light of the special circumstances and needs of the armed forces." The "tensions and hostilities" created by gay personnel "might undermine" military duty and discipline, he wrote. "In view of the importance of the military's role, the special need for discipline and order in the service," Kennedy explained, the gay ban was justifiable.

Military deference has a checkered history in American jurisprudence. The most shameful example was the Korematsu decision, which upheld the internment of people of Japanese descent in World War II. In recent years, the courts have struggled with how much to defer to the top military officer--the President as Commander-in-Chief--in terrorism cases; here the Court has asserted a judicial role, albeit only a limited one.

One thing the opponents of Don't Ask, Don't Tell have going for them is the unpersuasiveness of the military's claim that gay servicemembers will undermine cohesion and military effectiveness. This was the same claim that the military erroneously made about integration of the races in the 1940s--a time marked by violent racial tensions far more commonplace than conflicts today among gays and straights. And, of course, gay people are already serving today in the military, regardless of the policy, with no ill effects.

Still, the courts are historically reluctant to step on the military's toes, which means judges can't be relied upon to end Don't Ask, Don't Tell. Perhaps President Obama will moot the legal controversy and push through repeal of the policy through Congress. Yet with his dwindling political capital and an expected Republican trouncing in November, his window is closing fast. The courts may not be promising, but they may be the only hope for proponents of gay rights.

 

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12:14 PM on 09/12/2010
The religious right wingers have the strongest supporters for DADT, but don't realize they are denying gay citizens the right to kill for their country; thou shalt not kill.
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johnminehan
11:18 AM on 09/11/2010
Probably not, as gays are not a 'protected class" under Federal Constitutional Law and "the interests of national defense" is a "rational basis." This is especially true where the policy is under review by DoD and may soon be changed or modified after review by the responsible agency.
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Scott Zwartz
04:53 PM on 09/12/2010
It is a deprivation of the inalienable rights to Life and Liberty and they do not have to be a protected class for the law to be unconstitutional. This legal fact, however, is one which 99% of the Gay Leadership ignores. Thus, it is easy for others to focus on the "rational basis" test and "protected classes."

However, from what I have read the judge found that DADT does not pass the rational basis test since she found DADT to be factually harmful to national defense.
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johnminehan
03:10 PM on 09/13/2010
Tough sell. The experts are in the DoD, not the judiciary. Since the DoD is reviewing this, i expect little to be done pending the review.
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antaeus
Full-Cream Marriage Now
07:01 PM on 09/12/2010
Not a protected class--yet. Twenty years ago how many among us would have predicted legal same-sex marriage in some U.S. states?
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10:09 AM on 09/11/2010
While "The court that will hear the appeal of yesterday's ruling, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, has itself weighed in before, siding with the government." in Holmes v California, that 1997 case is no longer precedent. In their 2008 decision in Witt v Department of Air Force, 527 F.3d 806, the Ninth found that Lawrence v Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003), "effectively overruled [Holmes and other prior DADT] cases" because "we hold that Lawrence requires something more than traditional rational basis review and that remand is therefore appropriate." To define that "something more" the Ninth Circuit went beyond the four corners of Lawrence to analyse Sell v. United States, 539 U.S. 166, 179 (2003), which concerned the forcible administration of antipsychotic drugs. It formulated from Sell a new level of scrutiny that must be applied in due process cases involving homosexual conduct:

"the government must advance an important governmental interest, the intrusion must significantly further that interest, and the intrusion must be necessary to further that interest. In other words,
for the third factor, a less intrusive means must be unlikely to achieve substantially the government’s interest."

"... In addition, we hold that this heightened scrutiny analysis is as-applied rather than facial."

The Obama administration chose not to appeal the Witt decision.

Judge Phillips applied the new level of heightened scrutiny required by the precedent in her circuit.
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Ferris J Anderson
reports of my demise are greatly exaggerated.
04:04 AM on 09/11/2010
Here is something no one is thinking about. When I first saw the story I thought the President was on the wrong side of this thing. However don't think so quick. Repealing of DADT with out a non-discrimination policy will allow the military to revert back to the rules PRIOR to DADT. For as bad as it is DADT is a landmark step forward. Now take it away DADT, the military can now ask you your sexual preference and will be able to discharge you if a) you say your gay, and b) you lie and they find out. Don't be so quick to celebrate and bash Holder and Obama. Without DADT gays have no protections. Listen I'm not wisenheimer over here, someone else (who is no fan of Obama) clued me in after I made a lot of drama as well about the President being on the wrong side. Turns out he's on the right side.
10:34 AM on 09/11/2010
"Without DADT gays have no protections." Protections from what? As it is, they are mightlily abused and ill used, and the abuses happen even to non-gay women for refusing sexual favors to their so-called brothers-in-arms, not to mention their so-called superiors.
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Ioan Lightoller
Proud Gay Pagan Man, Living Happily With Husband
01:08 PM on 09/11/2010
Fanned AND faved for truth!
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10:41 AM on 09/11/2010
The Don't Ask, Don't Tell law does not actually contain the Don't Ask part, or the more important and seldom mentioned "Don't Pursue" part of the "Clinton compromise" and so contains no protections for anyone. Don't Ask and Don't Pursue are implemented through Defense Department regulations that can be changed at any time by the Secretary of Defense.

What is in the statue itself is an absolute requirement that anyone engaging in, attempting to engage in, or soliciting another to engage in a homosexual act, anyone who states they are homosexual or bisexual, or anyone who marries or attempts to marry a person of the same sex MUST be discharged from the military. There is one exception for the first two parts (having gay sex or stating "I'm gay") which includes demonstrating that "the member does not have a propensity or intent to engage in homosexual acts.", in other words is not gay, but has gay sex (or states I'm gay) for some other reason. Repealing the law will do nothing to change the current limited protections that the regulations provide.

As for which side the President is on, he is clearly in favor of repealing the statute but for reasons that I cannot fathom has chosen to move slowly on that repeal. Nonetheless, the number of military personnel discharged under the policy declined from 619 in 2008 to 275 in 2009.
geoffstaples
liberal anarchist
02:08 AM on 09/11/2010
As a gay Democrat who is disgusted with Obama's response to gay people and our rights - Donny McClurkin, Rick Warren, slow-balling repeal of Don't Ask Don't Tell, hypocritically using the segregationists' states rights argument against gay marriage, and much more - I am enjoying watching the Republicans give Obama and the Democrats several black-eyes on equal rights issues.

It's not very likely (as in snow ball's chance in Hell) that the Republicans will actually become the leaders on equal right.

I'm convinced that this is really a Republican dirty trick because just putting it out there is generating anger and division among Democrats. Gays make a positive comment about what the Republicans are doing and some Democrats use that as an excuse to once again attack the selfish gays who are expected to wait at the end of the line for everyone else to get what they want before gays get equal rights.

We've already seen plenty of it right here on this board. I look for it to continue because if there's one thing we Democrats are really good at, it's falling into the traps Republicans set for us.
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Bob Kellerman
Let's have more sanity toward each other
03:58 AM on 09/11/2010
Not even a dirty trick -- just a few big city Repubs tired of looking bad, and wanting the damn issue out of the way.
Don't look for much action
10:58 AM on 09/11/2010
I sure hope so!
08:17 PM on 09/10/2010
Looks like the gay republicans are doing every thing they can to get gay rights to the the supreme court asap so it can be turned down by the right wing court. People are nuts. Republicans, doesn't matter if they are gay, black, white, or red are against people having rights.
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antaeus
Full-Cream Marriage Now
02:47 AM on 09/11/2010
Ironic, isn't it, that a GOP-led suit might best the president's benign neglect of gay rights? I see the shallow and cynical play afoot for the gay vote in some Republican circles, and I don't know whether to laugh or grimace. But the real political effect of success in a divided--not a right-wing--court will be erosion of the gay vote for Dems. In light of the president's too-cautious stance, how could it be otherwise?
10:41 AM on 09/11/2010
I wouldn't put it past them to be trying the ploy you describe, but you shouldn't have included 'white' in your list of those whose rights the reps would trample, unless, of course, you mean 'white women and kids'. They're all for maximum rights for white men, of course, even those at the bottom of the totem pole, who traditionally have been instructed to 'keep their women in line'. . . good way to keep them from realizing just how screwed they are by those at the top of the pole.
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Bill J4321
08:02 PM on 09/10/2010
Whatever your religious or personal views may be, there simply exists not a single valid reason for treating certain human beings as less than human beings.

Not one.

'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' is now and has always been just another way for heterosexuals to deny dignity to their gay children.

That's all ANYTHING having to do with gay citizens in America is about.

Denying dignity to the gay children you created, and forcing government to participate in the denial of that dignity and humanity as well.

Warms the soul, no?
10:50 AM on 09/11/2010
"Not one." I beg to differ: there are certain things that strip humanity from people, such as rape and the sexual abuse of kids, as well as war and prison atrocities. Murder, strangely enough, doesn't always qualify, sometimes even showcasing our all-too-vulnerable humanity.
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LeftRight
TANSTAAFL
11:02 AM on 09/11/2010
But even then they are still human beings, and although we, as society, have a responsibility to remove them from the general population, we ALSO have a responsibility to treat them with basic human dignity!
11:04 AM on 09/11/2010
You know, I think I misspoke. I see you more likely than not were refering to our gay children when you said 'certain people'. . . I missed the 'certain', which validates your argument. My apologies.

I DO like your post, faved it already because I so liked the rest of your point . . . now I'm stating I like all of it.
07:21 PM on 09/10/2010
"Judge Virginia A. Phillips issued her ruling in a case brought by the Log Cabin Republicans, a group of gay Republicans."

Does anyone see the irony of this. REPUBLICANS brought a suit against the Obama justice department who were defending an anti-gay policy, signed into law by a DEMOCRATIC president, Bill Clinton. Is the most progressive group on this issue, Gay Republicans?

A Democratic majority has done nothing to repeal Don't Ask Don't Tell since wining a majority in '06.

Obama has to choice to comply with this pro-gay ruling and suspend enforcement of DADT or appeal.

If he appeals he will out himself as anti-gay.
HoosierInMaryland
HuffPo says my 'micro-bio is empty'
11:47 PM on 09/10/2010
Since the case was filed in 2004, to me it looks like the Justice Department 'this was filed against' was shrub's.

Unless you are admitting that shrub was not elected in 2000?
11:36 PM on 09/11/2010
The case may have been filed while Bush was President, but for almost two years it's been Obama's. I know of no legal authority that compels any Justice Department, much less a new one, to continue to defend a policy if it believes that it is a violation of the first and fifth Amendments. Obama obviously believes that the policy, which discriminates against gays more than any other, is Constitutional. At this point he could comply with the ruling, not appeal it and allow gays to serve their country openly in the military.
03:37 PM on 09/10/2010
The interesting thing nobody seems to be talking about is President Obama's illogical and unorthodox insistence on sticking to congressional process to repeal this policy in the face of an obviously expeditied alternative. Everyone is reporting on it, but nobody has offered any explanation for it. This ruling is very troubling for this president because I truly believe that this is a subject he actually wants nothing to do with. Think about it. In order to keep the talking points to a minimum, he puts it in the hands of an ineffectual and sluggish Congress in the hopes that it doesn't come to a head for another two-and-a-half years, at which point he's either out of office or a lame-duck president, and (assuming Congress moves on it at all) the sign/veto decision he makes won't have any real political consequences to him. In the meantime, he's going to point the finger at the Justice Department's appeal as if he has nothing to do with their decisions in the hopes that his plan will be put back on track leaving him with minimal political blame for an egregious perversion of justice. What's even more sad is that I'm a registered democrat who voted for him. I suppose I should shoulder some of the blame for this as well.
05:48 PM on 09/10/2010
I am sure he will be happy if the Supreme Court overturns Don't Ask, Don't Tell and DOMA. It would get him off the hook. The fact of the matter is that there are still some Democrats in Congress who would not go along with repealing either law. I doubt that even a civil union bill could get through both Houses yet.
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11:11 AM on 09/11/2010
Same sex marriage in the District of Columbia was allowed to become law by the current Congress. Even the Republicans chose not to make a fuss about it. Sen. Bob Bennett did introduce a bill to require a "referendum or initiative" before same sex marriage licenses were issued, but it only picked up 8 cosponsors and died in Sen. Lieberman's committee. Members of the House intervened in a legal attempt to force a referendum also without success.
08:23 PM on 09/11/2010
If he's so happy with a Supreme Court ruling, then why not call the DOJ off of the appeal of the Ninth Circuit decision? Why not just let this die a natural death instead of putting so much effort into overturning it just so it can happen in Congress...which by the way is NOT going to vote on a hot-button issue five minutes before an election.
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antaeus
Full-Cream Marriage Now
03:00 PM on 09/10/2010
The time before Kennedy joined the Supreme Court belongs to another century, another era, another world. He was born within living memory of the Wilde trial, but he must recognize the sea change that's occurred even in the past 20 years. It is inconceivable to me that the example of gay-integrated militaries in other countries, as well as the social changes at home, would be lost on him.
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marignymitch
E pluribus unum percent
02:43 PM on 09/10/2010
Things are not going well for gay Americans, and prospects seem to be dimming.

Despite two recent court victories we still can't get married and we can't serve honestly. Meantime Obama doesn't support marriage equality, is only luke warm at best on DADT repeal and fiercy defends DOMA. I also expect the White House will launch a fierce defense of DADT on repeal. Add to the mix the animus of a Supreme Court that is actively opposed to equal rights. That, combined with continued legislative stalling until GOP retakes Congress, will kill the effort.

Imagine what life would be like for gay Americans (and black Americans, poor Americans, the middle class) if Democrats held the White House and both houses of Congrees!
05:40 PM on 09/10/2010
Democrats do hold all three power centers. Unfortunately, many Democrats behave like holy roller Republicans when it comes to hot button gay issues. It is very easy to throw gays under the bus. They don't riot.
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12:18 AM on 09/11/2010
I think the last paragraph was snark.
geoffstaples
liberal anarchist
02:15 AM on 09/11/2010
Here's a perfect example: Obama opposes gay marriage on religious grounds and claims it's a states' rights issue.

By citing his religion as a justification to deny gays the right to marry, he's weakening separation of church and state. By making the states' rights argument, Obama show's himself to be a hypocrite.
12:42 PM on 09/10/2010
This ruling couldn't have come at a better time for Republican congressional candidates. It stirs up the conservative base while reminding the LBGT community that Obama has done nothing for them. One group will vote en mass, the other will stay home.
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Zach Stein
11:54 AM on 09/10/2010
If the Obama justice department appeals this one I'm going to be very disappointed. It's bad enough that it took a group of REPUBLICANS to do this (the suit was brought by the Log Cabin Republicans).
12:48 PM on 09/10/2010
Try to remember that a higher percentage of REPUBLICANS voted for the civil rights act of 1964. So far Obama has done as much as he can for Wall street, Goldman Sachs, Citibank,etc. and nothing for the Gay community or Hispanics. I am still trying to figure out what he has done for african americans. Bad as Bush was, he was a champion of the poor and sick in Africa. Obama has left millions of unemployed african american men to rot. We are still waiting , 20 months later for some Hope and we are running out of Change!
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Zach Stein
03:33 PM on 09/10/2010
Hey, the republicans tried to pass an amendment to the US constitution banning gay marriage when they were last in charge of congress. AND Bush signed the defense of marriage act... The republicans (for the most part) don't really have a good history with the gays.
whitebeach
Hey, buddy, can you spare a micro-bio?
05:35 PM on 09/10/2010
Warren, try to remember, if you can, given that you look to be pretty much of a phony, that in 1964 the Republican Party actually included many moderate and sane individuals, many of them from northern states. The party had not at that time become an essentially southern and rural western entity based largely on racist know-nothingism. Almost all the places where Republican candidates are virtual shoo-ins today are the places where Dixiecrats were strong back in the bad old days, and for exactly the same reasons. Of course you pretend not to know this, but do you really expect the rest of us to think that the Republican Party of today is anything even remotely like the Republican Party of forty-five years ago? I have to laugh at the transparency of your tro//ism.