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Alan Abramowitz

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Is Gallup Heading for Another Big Miss?

Posted: 10/20/2012 3:59 pm

Based on the latest results from the HuffPost Pollster poll tracking model, with less than three weeks left until Election Day, the presidential race between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney is extremely close with both candidates estimated to have the support of about 47 percent of the electorate. The realclearpolitics.com average of national polls released over the past 10 days shows an identical result, a 47-47 tie. And the results of recent polls in the key swing states appear to be consistent with this picture of an extremely close presidential race.

There is, of course, some variation in the results of national polls that have been released in the past week or two but all of them show the margin between Romney and Obama to be within two or three points one way or the other. All of them with one exception, that is -- the Gallup tracking poll. The Gallup tracking poll alone among national polls, including the usually Republican-leaning Rasmussen poll, shows Mitt Romney with a large lead over Barack Obama among likely voters -- a seven point lead in the results released on October 18 and a six point lead in the results released on October 19.

Gallup is, without question, the biggest outlier among all of the national polls on the 2012 presidential election. But this is not the first time that Gallup has found itself in that position. Two years ago, Gallup was by far the biggest outlier in its forecast of the Republican margin in the 2010 midterm congressional elections. Gallup's final estimate of the Republican lead among likely voters in 2010 was 15 points. Only Rasmussen at 12 points was even close to Gallup. The average GOP lead across all of the national polls was about seven points, which was very close to the actual Republican margin in the national popular vote.

So what's going on with the Gallup tracking poll and why is it such a big outlier? Part of the explanation, as Mark Blumenthal pointed out in a recent post , is almost certainly Gallup's complicated likely voter screen which gives considerable weight to voter attention and enthusiasm. As a result of this screen, the Gallup tracking poll has been showing a very wide gap between the preferences of all registered voters and likely voters -- a 5-6 point difference in margin. In recent days, Gallup has been showing a very close race among registered voters but a big Romney lead among likely voters.

In 2010, the same large gap was evident in Gallup's polling and in the end the actual Republican margin in the House elections was considerably closer to Gallup's results for registered voters than to its results for its likely voters. It is entirely possible that the same thing is happening this year.

But beyond just the impact of Gallup's likely voter screen, there is another factor that may explain why Gallup is once again a big outlier. Despite some recent changes in its sampling procedures designed to make its initial sample of adults more representative of the U.S. adult population, Gallup's likely voter sample appears to be substantially under-representing non-white voters. Although Gallup does not report the racial composition of its likely voter sample (or any of its other samples), based on the results presented in their October 16 report on the standing of the presidential candidates among whites and non-whites, one can use interpolation to estimate the racial composition of the likely voter sample. The results show that about 80 percent of Gallup's likely voter sample consisted of non-Hispanic whites while about 20 percent consisted of non-whites.

Gallup's estimate that only 20 percent of this year's likely voters are non-white is far lower than the 26 percent non-white share of voters found in the 2008 exit poll or even the 23 percent share found in the 2004 exit poll. It is actually very close to the 19 percent share found in the 2000 exit poll. So according to the Gallup tracking poll, the racial composition of the 2012 electorate will be similar to that of the 2000 electorate despite the dramatic increase in the nonwhite share of the voting age population that has occurred in the past 12 years.

The fact that the Gallup tracking poll is a big outlier when it comes to estimating the standing of the presidential candidates this year is, by itself, a very good reason to view their findings right now with deep skepticism. The apparent under-representation of non-whites in their likely voter sample only reinforces that conclusion. The next two-plus weeks will tell whether the Gallup tracking poll continues to produce results that are far outside of the range of other national polls or whether its results move closer to the polling mainstream.

 
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Based on the latest results from the HuffPost Pollster poll tracking model, with less than three weeks left until Election Day, the presidential race between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney is extremely ...
Based on the latest results from the HuffPost Pollster poll tracking model, with less than three weeks left until Election Day, the presidential race between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney is extremely ...
 
 
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03:25 PM on 10/23/2012
Have been reading Gallup polls with an emphasis on their pacement on RealClearPolitics.com. What always happens is that the RCP's would-be average of polls always shifts to the right, with the inclusion of any Gallup or Rassmussen polls. Similarly, the RCP average shifts to the left when polls such as Bloomberg send in their numbers. My question, then, is what the heck good is any poll which bases its average from different polling sources at different times? BTW -- I don't think polling has ever influenced how, when or if I vote. I'm just intersted in the process - kinda like road kill.
12:31 PM on 10/22/2012
Voters need to remember that poll nubmers don't mean anything at the end of the day - your VOTE does.

Don't take Poll results at face value. Don't deminish your voice in the election and not vote just because someone else added their voice to some polling data.

If your candidate is leading in your local or national poll - Go VOTE and do your part to ensure that remains the case at the end of the election.

If your candidate is behind in your local or national poll - Go VOTE for your candidate, they need your support.

If you vote or don't vote simply because of some polling results showing your candidate up or down you are not participating as a citizen and are allowing others to speak for you.
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Kenneth Dempsey
l live in the desert. Altus,OK
09:23 AM on 10/22/2012
It's a close election. Until American values shift to serious knowledge and less fluff we will continue to learn things the hard way. It is astounding to me that after the Bush calamity people still buy into the Republican scary talk.

They painted the Affordable Care Act as this horrible intrusion of socialism into the free market economy. Nobody stepped up!!! Our Employer Based Health Insurance System has No Free market principals whatsoever.

Health insurance is Socialism !! If it looks like a duck and sounds like a duck, well? I give my money to this corporation and they will take care of me. People !! That is socialism. Health insurance is the monster driving health care inflation. A true free market capitalist can no longer afford to be sick. Even if he chose to avoid this voluntary socialism "health insurance is voluntary socialism" he is now vulnerable to the ridiculous costs of our horribly expensive health care. Damned if you do damned if you don't. If you do buy health insurance you are stuck with higher premiums and higher copay and less services.

Our employer based "health insurance" system is a heading off the cliff. All this money pumped into our health care without free market principals is driving health care inflation. Health insurance is a monster.

Would someone please show me the "free market principals" in my health care?
12:03 AM on 10/22/2012
Gallup must be right, so all you Republicans don't need to even vote fro Robee & Lyin' Ryan.
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Reddart3340
11:20 PM on 10/21/2012
Isn't Gallup the polling operation that got threatening calls from David Axelrod and the White House about being investigated after their poll showed Romney gaining on Obama???
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aacme
My micro-bio is on a strict need-to-know basis.
07:05 PM on 10/21/2012
I recognize that asking gopers to study data is cruel, but look at the electoral totals in the upper right hand corner. If only one swing state goes for Obama, he's in.
10:06 PM on 10/21/2012
Data? We don't need no stinking data, I predict Dewey in a landslide.
06:23 PM on 10/21/2012
Gallup hasn't missed since 1948. And then polls were polling weeks before election day.

Take a deep breath. Tell us about Gallup the week before election day, the only polls that count. Promise? Your readers will be watching.
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Want2knowY
10:05 PM on 10/21/2012
"Gallup hasn't missed since 1948."

Actually, Gallup's final poll in 1976 had Ford 2 points ahead of Carter.
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Carol Fairweather
04:41 PM on 10/21/2012
Keep fired up Democrats!!

CANADA FOR OBAMA!!
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missmo1951
Democrat who loved Ike!!
10:50 PM on 10/21/2012
We love you!!!
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FrenchImp
Please proceed, Governor
11:58 AM on 10/22/2012
France for Obama
LATINITAS PRO OBAMA!
AMABO OBAMA

Ignescite ! Paratissimi!
03:42 PM on 10/21/2012
It's laughable how Gallup wouldn't be questioned at all if Obama were 7 points ahead. Hypocrites??? I would so say. Well, that's just tough. Suck it up!
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aacme
My micro-bio is on a strict need-to-know basis.
06:56 PM on 10/21/2012
Recognizing that non-Republicans are viewed by Republicans as the much scorned "reality-based community", tracking a legitimate reason for one outlying poll taker's results is somewhat different than a few weeks ago when all the polls were deemed wrong by the right and a bogus pseudo-scientific reason was invented. There are certain limitations, to be sure, to being based in reality, that the right does not struggle under.
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Brasstack
The truth shall set you free
07:08 PM on 10/21/2012
Electoral votes..... Obama still leads.
03:21 PM on 10/21/2012
Sour Grapes and intense desperation on the left. It's a dream come true!
03:14 PM on 10/21/2012
Gallup has always leaned towards the left, that is why their polls are very important. I believe it. I will be voting for Romney, of course. The problem with ANYTHING the Huff Post has to say is it's ALWAYS against Romney, so I never believe anything they say. They are as Liberal as can be, it's been proven by the way they report things. It's always in favor of the LEFT. Even when they try to print the truth, they always throw in a zinger against Romney. Obama is toast. It's over. Romney's numbers will continue to go up up up until this communist goes back to where he came from!
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Brasstack
The truth shall set you free
07:10 PM on 10/21/2012
Did you look at Nate Silver's stats on electoral votes? Obama ahead.
08:54 PM on 10/21/2012
Tell us again Martha. Since you assume your readers can't get the gist in just one reading.
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imfedup
Fight the lies.
03:13 PM on 10/21/2012
Romney doesn't want to win. His minions just haven't figured that out yet. He keeps trying to shake them, and they keep supporting him because of that danged (R) behind his name.
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imfedup
Fight the lies.
03:09 PM on 10/21/2012
Yes.
02:51 PM on 10/21/2012
President Obama will be a two term President! Folks are voting in DROVES! We are FIRED Up!!!
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Brasstack
The truth shall set you free
07:11 PM on 10/21/2012
True, binders full of votes.....democratic ones.
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02:00 AM on 10/22/2012
Here's hoping the binders don't get lost.
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Reddart3340
11:25 PM on 10/21/2012
Then Penny Pritkzer ( the Hyatt Hotel fortune) isn't in Hawaii working on a deal for a $35 Million estate for Obama to be ready in Jan. 2013.??
01:39 PM on 10/21/2012
Romney has a transition team already at work. Is that over confidence?
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Brasstack
The truth shall set you free
07:11 PM on 10/21/2012
Not over confident, just insane.
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GraphicTV
Militant Apathist
09:18 PM on 10/21/2012
A team that's full of neoCons left over from the Bush years.