More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Arlene Weintraub

Arlene Weintraub

Posted: November 3, 2010 07:21 AM

What is it about centenarians that gives them the gift of extraordinarily long lives? On Nov. 1, Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York launched a website, www.superagers.com, which tracks one scientist's decade-long quest to answer that question. Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the college's Institute for Aging Research, has been studying 500 Ashkenazi Jews age 95 and older, along with 700 of their children. He's trying to uncover the genes that promote long life -- discoveries that he hopes will lead to drugs to prevent age-related diseases such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease.

Barzilai's research could take decades to bear fruit. But there are a few useful tips for healthy aging that you can glean from watching the videos on the site, which feature centenarians who are enrolled in the study. (See preview below.) I watched them all. Then I got some perspective from Barzilai. Here's what I learned from the Super Agers:

Moderate exercise works wonders. A lot of people roll their eyes when their doctor tells them to exercise and eat right. But I think these videos tell a compelling story. Witness Lilly Port, age 96. She lifts weights, rides a stationary bike, walks on a treadmill, and swears off fatty desserts. She refuses to move out of her home, where she climbs the stairs 65 times a day.

Barzilai believes his super agers were born with a genetic code that got them long past 80, but that living a healthy life is important for everyone -- regardless of whether they have those magic genes. "If you want to get above 80, you have to not smoke, you have to exercise, and you have to watch your diet," Barzilai says.

Exercise your mind, too. You don't see many easy chairs and remote controls in the videos of Barzilai's centenarians. These people are constantly on the go--traveling, visiting their grandkids, even working. At age 104, Irving Kahn was still working five days a week as an investment advisor. "I enjoy debating with him about business subjects," his son says in the video. (Incredibly, Kahn also had a 108-year-old sister.)

Numerous studies have demonstrated that mental stimulation helps delay the cognitive decline that typically accompanies old age. In March, for example, neurobiologists at the University of California at Irvine showed that learning preserves signals in the brain, which in turn preserves memory.

Watch your cholesterol. OK, this one is related to exercising and eating right. But it deserves some emphasis. Many of the people in Barzilai's study have high levels of HDL, otherwise known as the good cholesterol. Many of them also have the cholesterol ester transfer protein gene (CETP), which has been shown to lower the risk of both cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease.

The drug industry has tried to mimic the positive effects of this gene, but with mixed results. Pfizer had to pull the plug on its CETP drug in 2006 because of safety concerns. Merck is still working on a CETP drug -- one that Barzilai hopes will find more success. "This is an example of something that's totally translational" to medicine, he asserts.

Maybe so, but it will be years before we'll know if the Merck drug works. So what can you do in the meantime to raise your good cholesterol? Exercise is one of the few activities that has been shown to raise HDL.

Barzilai says it's unclear whether the ability to live to 100 is equally attributable to lifestyle as it is to being dealt a good genetic hand. That's why he included the centenarian's children in his study. "We have some obese centenarians, we have a woman who's been smoking for 95 years," he says. Because the younger generations are more likely to eschew those unhealthy habits, studying them could provide some insight into the role of lifestyle in aging, Barzilai explains. "We want to see what happens when they interact with their environment in ways we recommend."

As for me, I'm inspired by the video of 96-year-old Port, walking the treadmill in her purple, velour sweatsuit. "You have to be active," she says. Good advice from someone who's truly qualified to advise us all on how to age well.


WATCH:


 
 
 

Follow Arlene Weintraub on Twitter: www.twitter.com/awjourn

What is it about centenarians that gives them the gift of extraordinarily long lives? On Nov. 1, Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York launched a website, www.superagers.com, which tracks o...
What is it about centenarians that gives them the gift of extraordinarily long lives? On Nov. 1, Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York launched a website, www.superagers.com, which tracks o...
 
 
  • Comments
  • 23
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
photo
Vitorio
Healthy, Educated America will always prosper.
11:51 PM on 11/07/2010
watch old films from the USA and you will see almost everyone thin and fit. suddenly it is all about genes....sorry I don't believe it....it is your health and your life, study and make it better for yourself.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
LucidPanther
10:32 PM on 11/05/2010
Good question.

I know because I I am a remote viewer. I can see and travel through time and space by remote viewing.
thebigbike
ran away to be a cowboy
11:34 PM on 11/04/2010
Got any suggestons on how and why to want to live to be 100?
photo
Js420
Another beautiful sunny day!
12:19 AM on 11/07/2010
family, friends & football
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
liberal123
12:45 PM on 11/04/2010
You might live longer if you exercise, eat right, stay intellectually active, etc., but living to be a centenarian is mostly genetic.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susan Shaffer
tell me from the beginning
05:09 AM on 11/05/2010
perhaps it is still worthwhile to do all those things so that what ever age you reach the latter years are not riddled with disease
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
liberal123
09:53 AM on 11/05/2010
Undoubtedly that's true, but doesn't relate to my original point. My point was that extreme longevity is mostly genetic.
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Arlene Weintraub
09:34 AM on 11/04/2010
Thanks for the comments everyone. I just wanted to add that the goal of these longevity studies is actually not to develop a magic pill for longevity. Rather it's to unlock the causes of age-related diseases, which could in turn lead to new therapies for diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's and other illnesses. Scientists like to study homogeneous populations because it cuts the risk of the results being influenced by too many genetic variants. A new study was just released on longevity in the Amish, for example, which I wrote about for Technology Review, here:

http://www.technologyreview.com/biomedicine/26669/?p1=A3

But the bottom line is that it's going to take quite a while for any of these studies to translate into usable therapies. So I think what we should be learning from these centenarians is how to live a quality life with the resources we have now.
12:09 PM on 11/04/2010
Ms. Weintraub, thank you for the clarification, and I agree with you on the study methodology.
These centenarians have outlined the lifestyle choices that determine quality of life; what comes
through is that the choices themselves increase quality. In light of the fact that general studies indicate that 70% of chronic illness is a result of poor choices, it would seem that prevention, rather than treatment, is the most effective path to both longevity and quality of life. I also appreciate your
posting the link to other studies. Thank you.
04:11 AM on 11/04/2010
Here is why.

Their mothers and fathers ate a "PRIMITIVE" TRADITIONAL DIET thus insuring optimal genetic expression in the offspring. The offspring in kind were raised on a "primitive" traditional diet.

Organ meats. Saturated fat. Fish oil. Bone broth. Fermented, leavened, and soured vegetables, grains, and dairy teeming with beneficial probiotics.

Check it out. WAPF on the internet.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
frank day
Republican = FAIL
02:52 PM on 11/03/2010
* Win the Genetic Lottery
* Don't get run over by a car
* Money helps
* Live in a first world nation
* Wake up each morning
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
LucidPanther
12:31 PM on 11/03/2010
The quality of life is much more important than the length. Being preoccupied with achieving longevity means not living the present to its fullest. A long life is actually irrelevant.

Jesus Christ died at the age of 33 and his life was meaningful and full.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MagicManDoneIt
When facts are lacking. Just say...
03:20 PM on 11/03/2010
It's easy to lead a meaningful and full (redundant?) life when you are imaginary.
04:52 PM on 11/03/2010
Most non-Christians and atheists are aware that non-Christian sources document his existence. I do agree that there is a certain redundancy in "meaningful and full".
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
LucidPanther
05:01 PM on 11/03/2010
Everyone is imaginary. Most people just don't know it.
photo
rikster
buy the ticket-take the ride
08:37 PM on 11/05/2010
how do you know..were you present..?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Dustin Rudolph
Clinical Pharmacist & Certified Nutritionist
09:14 AM on 11/03/2010
After watching the video it seems like this is another ploy by an organization to develop the miracle pill that will fix everyone's problems. As a pharmacist I don't believe pills accomplish much of anything in the long term. I try to educate others how to eat healthy, exercise, and make other positive lifestyle choices to live a long and disease free life. I've never seen a patient who has reversed their diabetes or heart disease or obesity problem with a pill. But I have seen this happen with an active lifestyle and proper nutrition. It just comes down to the basics in my opinion. You can't out smart Mother Nature at her own game.

Dustin Rudolph
www.PursueAHealthyYou.com
04:32 PM on 11/03/2010
Agreed! I was dissappointed with the video pushing to develop a drug when these remarkable older people had the answers. Yes, good genes help. (On my mother's side of the family, no one gets cancer. Except the one smoker.) She is 86, and just finished a tour on a sailing ship across the Atlantic.) It's the lifestyle choices, though, that are just as important. Don't smoke. Enjoy the benefits of not smoking. Drink good stuff (beer, for selenium), and red wine. Enjoy each sip. Eat good food, but in moderation. Enjoy because good food tastes wonderful. Keep your body fit. Enjoy
because it feels so good to dance, to walk to a friend's house, to take time out in the world. Keep your mind active. Enjoy, because it's rewarding to learn something new, accept a challenge. Take care of your spirit, Enjoy, because you'll find some meaning in yourself and in the universe. Taking a pill would deny yourself of all the enjoyment of these wonderful things.
11:39 PM on 11/06/2010
Reelcanajun -- I agree about the video. The joy aspect could prove to be really central -- as joy creates nitric oxide, if I've got that right, which is an immense health stimulator.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Rodrigo Saitua
05:26 PM on 11/03/2010
Well said. Even though I am no specialist I couldn't agree more.