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Arnold M. Eisen

Arnold M. Eisen

Posted: March 19, 2011 08:18 PM

The Whimsy, Confusion and Hope of Purim


Purim, observed by Jews this year on March 20, is probably the most confusing of all Jewish holidays.

It's not just the costumes and masks behind which friends are so well hidden that you can't always tell who is who, and not just the parodic upending of hierarchy that is a regular feature of "Purim Spiel" performances and the mock religious lessons known as "Purim Torah." The truly confusing part of Purim is that reversals of this sort are utterly pervasive. In synagogue, Jews chant a book of the Bible (Esther) that seems less sacred history or religious text than dark comedy and political satire. The evil Haman rises to the heights of power and then meets a downfall that is equally swift; fate seems to turn on coincidence, good fortune or sheer chance. God's name is never once mentioned.

One might well ask in wonder: This is a religious holiday? A Jewish religious holiday?! What's going on?

Consider as Exhibit A of the problem -- and perhaps the key to its solution -- a Purim ditty imprinted on my brain from childhood. It is shouted out boisterously in major key, in 4/4 time, in a sing-songy manner that (to me, anyway) smacks of banality and good cheer.

O once there was a wicked, wicked man
And Haman was his name, sir.
He tried to murder all the Jews,
Though they were not to blame, sir.
O today we'll merry, merry be (x3)
And nosh some hamantaschen.

I can still hear myself saying, sometime around bar mitzvah age, "Let me get this straight. One of Persia's most influential courtiers (Haman) persuades the rather feckless King Ahashuerus to allow him and his allies to commit genocide against the Jews. The day for mass murder is chosen by lottery (the meaning of the Hebrew word purim). Haman's plot is foiled at the last minute by a series of amazing and, at times, hilarious coincidences. And Jews forever after memorialize this narrow escape from total destruction by chanting the story to a special melody, making enough noise to drown out every mention of Haman's name, eating and drinking a lot, sending gifts to friends and charity to the poor, making fun of everything and everyone -- and singing silly songs?

There must be more to the holiday than that.

Well into adulthood, I have come to believe that there is more to Purim, a great deal more. (There usually is, when religious observances remain vital after thousands of years.) Purim brings useful perspective to the ups and downs of power and much else that goes on in the world. The holiday cautions us not to take ourselves too seriously and urges us to take moral choices extremely seriously. A key part of its strategy is to get us to laugh at facts of life -- and especially of politics -- that would otherwise make us cry.

The lesson begins, I think, in the paradoxical passage from the Torah (Exodus 25:17-19) that is read in synagogue on the Sabbath preceding Purim. Jews are commanded to "remember ... to blot out the memory of Amalek," the enemy who attacked the weakest stragglers of the Children of Israel without mercy on their way out of Pharaoh's Egypt. Amalek must be remembered -- so as to be forgotten. Jews in every generation must not forget to remember to erase Amalek's memory once and for all.

How can this be done? Surely not by making noise that drowns out every mention of Haman, who (thanks to a story in the book of Samuel) is associated by the Bible with Amalek. The only way to fulfill the commandment to forget, it seems to me, is to change the world so thoroughly that the sort of evil attributed to Amalek becomes utterly inconceivable -- as inconceivable as such a perfected world seems today, when humanity remains under the sway of aggression and terror. As long as "might makes right" it will be difficult to credit the claim that justice will someday be the rule, or virtue find its reward.

Purim comes to reinforce the hope that such a day will come. Jews (and the rest of humanity) will forget Amalek "when the Lord your God has given you rest from all your enemies round about." That state of affairs may come suddenly, bringing radical change in its wake: the Berlin Wall falls in a day; the Iron Curtain crumbles, seemingly overnight; Mubarak is forced to resign; Haman is hanged on the gallows he had prepared the previous day for Mordecai. More likely, history testifies, change comes step by step, one hard-won reform at a time. The individuals who put their lives on the line, as Esther did, often do not live to see, as Esther did, the outcome for which they sacrifice. The world breaks hearts every day. And yet, we know too, change does come. Lives are saved or improved by our efforts. The direction of things can be reversed.

One important means to that end is denial of authority to "the facts." Today's reality, however overwhelmingly real it seems, may soon be gone, a chimera, material for tomorrow's jokes. Comedy is a useful tool for accomplishing that reversal of fortune. Absolute power, like the power of any absolute, is undermined by every refusal to take it seriously. The Purim story knows (and teaches) when to make fun of things. Haman hates Mordecai so much because Mordecai (and he alone) refuses to bow down before him. Thumbing your nose at power may get you into trouble, but it also may mark the beginning of a tyrant's downfall. The Purim story knows too (and teaches) when to be serious -- as when Mordecai warns Esther not to imagine that she, "of all the Jews, will escape with your life by being in the king's palace. " Perhaps, he suggests, "you have attained to royal position for just such a crisis."

I treasure that "perhaps." Most of us (thank goodness) do not hear clarion voices as Joan of Arc did, sending us (and those who follow us) into battle for this or that cause. More likely, we find ourselves face to face with responsibilities we did not choose or with opportunities to make a difference if we are willing to take great risk and trouble.

We naturally want to know for sure that our action will be crowned with success, but we can't know that. Maybe God or history will prove to be on our side. Maybe, if we fail to act, "help and deliverance will come ... from another place." But maybe not. We can be sure of one thing, though: if no one takes the risk, we are all in trouble.

Purim celebrates the fact that some people do take that chance, when it most counts. Sometimes they -- we -- even win and get to savor our success. Thank goodness. This is ample cause to merry merry be and eat as many hamantaschen as we can wash down with bursts of laughter.

 
 
 
Purim, observed by Jews this year on March 20, is probably the most confusing of all Jewish holidays. It's not just the costumes and masks behind which friends are so well hidden that you can't alwa...
Purim, observed by Jews this year on March 20, is probably the most confusing of all Jewish holidays. It's not just the costumes and masks behind which friends are so well hidden that you can't alwa...
 
 
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05:35 PM on 03/21/2011
Between
misdirects in my google hits
and the absence of time
to do or remember to do all you wish to do or
all you
SHOULD DO..
in today's world
I am down to three or four sites in my favourites bar...
the news sites basically...
Huffington is one of my preferred..
I have the religion section marked in my favourites...
It might be a nice gesture for Huffington
to work with an author
or a staffer
to publish a Bible passage a day (from a variety of Bibles or translations even )
to allow readers to have a regular ...MEMORABLE (as in habituary/habitual)
place to come to consider bible passages together
with 'like-minded'' people (newsminded...world events minded)...
and work our way through the Bible.
09:21 PM on 03/21/2011
I'd open that up to other sacred texts from other religions or spiritual traditions and the like, personally. It might be an excellent opportunity for people to learn about other people's perspectives, attitudes, and feelings towards either their own sacred texts or someone else's.

Also, it could be a good opportunity to provide context. For instance, in Judaism, the Torah is not the one and only source of Jewish law, and isn't actually intended to be the only scripture we go by - which is why one has to be careful when plucking random quotes from it as a means of advocacy or attack. I believe the Quran has something similar - not sure about Christianity.
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bbertaud
Je ne regrette rien, rien de rien
01:11 PM on 03/21/2011
I celebrated Purim with pole dancers and lap dancers....and drank till I was was plastered...
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Gonzo36
Pro-awesome!
05:24 PM on 03/21/2011
Mazel Tov!
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bbertaud
Je ne regrette rien, rien de rien
11:02 PM on 03/21/2011
L' Chaim !!
06:58 PM on 03/20/2011
When Haman made his evil decree to annihilate all Jews, this was the only time in our history that a descendent of Amalek actually had the ability to carry out such a horrific ruling because all of the Jewish people were living in exile in one realm. The people were unified to the extent that the evil Haman’s hatred of one Jew, Mordechai, was the same as hatred of all. Hence, Esther inspired the Jewish Nation to make Teshuvah in unity as one body and one soul. Today, although we are spread out in all four corners of the Earth by Divine Providence, we are, once again, facing the same type of threat from the modern day Haman, the current prime minister of Persia threatening our Holy Land with nuclear weapons, G-d forbid. Thus, we need to surrender ourselves to the same Jewish unity that saved us before.Although we are now spread all over the planet, internet technology has turned the entire globe into a single realm, leaving us as one people in exile in G-d's Kingdom with one mind, one heart and one soul, rejoicing over the fact that we are a Holy Nation unto G-d assured of our final redemption with Mashiach. May all of you experience the extreme Joy of a Freilicha Purim, to be blessed with G-d’s abundance and with good health; “For the Jews, there was light and joy, gladness and honor—so let it be with us.”
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Rob Horton
a proud Aspie Southern Liberal
11:11 AM on 03/20/2011
Thank you for a very well-written and inspiring article.
11:06 AM on 03/20/2011
If the looming environmental crisis(es) should teach us anything, it's that there is no such thing as the "chosen" people, and that we're all in this together. The sooner we stop dividing ourselves into insular tribes, the sooner we can get working together to face the real problems. And maybe people could stop worrying about the next life and pay just a little more attention to this one.
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bsmithslo
11:34 AM on 03/20/2011
Please lay out how the "environmental crisis" relates to the idea of a"chosen people". You think Jews are especially careless with nature because of their religious beliefs? I am not seeing it. You are making a false argument, trying to destroy something you don't appreciate by claiming it impacts something it clearly does not.
02:42 PM on 03/20/2011
When people divide themselves into mutually exclusive groups, like the "chosen" people, the gentiles, and the unbelievers, and then prescribe a differing value to each, the kind of unity we need to tackle the really big problems of our time is virtually impossible. Religion serves to divide us into waring tribes, teaching us that thought crime is real, and tying hands that ought to be working. This suicidal behavior has its root in three "holy" books that ought not to be studied any more than we study any old classic, distilling the wisdom, learning the lessons, and ultimately understanding that it was written by men, for men in a very specific time and place. Religious beliefs do in fact have impacts, some more direct than others, whether you see it or not.
01:35 PM on 03/20/2011
You clearly aren't aware of what the "Chosen People" were chosen for.
02:42 PM on 03/20/2011
Enlighten us...
08:44 AM on 03/20/2011
for Haman he was swinging
while Mordechai was singing
in Shu, Shu, Shushan long ago!
06:23 AM on 03/20/2011
Purim is about eradicating Amalek within and without http://ruchoshelmashiach.blogspot.com/2011/03/threat-of-schoolchildren-to-haman.html
06:12 AM on 03/20/2011
Sadly, Haman is very much alive out there, and he's currently working on delegitimizing Israel.
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MarcEdward
likes all cats more than most people
11:53 AM on 03/21/2011
Wow, you just have to drag Israel into it, but if somebody criticizes Israel you'll call them an antisemite for bringing it into the conversation.
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Json
Cynical dreamer, sarcastic idealist...
03:27 PM on 03/21/2011
His comment was pointless and off-topic.
So why after calling him out did you also write this...?

"youtube has lot of videos of Israelis lashing out at Palestinia­ns (usually women or elderly) as part of their drunken "celebrati­on". "
02:14 AM on 03/20/2011
Purim is the only time we are commanded to drink until we can't tell the difference between Mordeccai and Haman. You gotta love the Jews, we are a fun group.
11:57 AM on 03/21/2011
Thanks for the smile, elisabethe. Yes, there's a lot to be said for "eat, drink and be merry". Not to say that life's serious side should be ignored, but to my mind, those who can't or won't occasionally celebrate to giddy excess are not only dreary to have around personally, they are dangerous as a group, A danger to rationality, a danger to peace, a danger to civilisation. L'chaim!
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bsmithslo
12:44 AM on 03/20/2011
Purim is a holiday that was created in order to dive into the discussion of our responsibilities to God and God's responsibility to us. The sages encouraged us to ask the question as to why God is "hidden" (the meaning of Esther) and what will come of us if we cling to comfort while neglecting our unique purpose in the world.

It is certainly a sad sign when our religious leaders try to obfuscate the rather obvious purpose of Purim. God is hidden when we assimilate to the world around us. Annihilation comes when the secular world recognizes that we simply follow the laws of a different King.
11:01 AM on 03/20/2011
Define annihilation.
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bsmithslo
11:24 AM on 03/20/2011
Destruction, extinction.

Dueteronomy 30:13 17 But if your heart turns away, and you will not hear, but are drawn away to worship other gods and serve them,
18 I declare to you today, that you shall surely perish. You shall not live long in the land that you are going over the Jordan to enter and possess.
19 I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live,