Ben Sherwood

Ben Sherwood

Posted April 7, 2009 | 12:29 PM (EST)

Playing Dead: How to Survive Like the Hero in the Binghamton Massacre


The massacre in Binghamton boggles the mind and breaks the heart. The sadness is only matched by the lunacy of the rampage. What happened inside the American Civic Association is also a reminder that in the most terrifying and tragic situations, ordinary people are capable of the most extraordinary things.

Shirley DeLucia was the 61-year-old receptionist on Friday morning when Jiverly Wong walked through the door. "Hello, how can I help you," DeLucia asked. The killer pulled his weapon and opened fire, hitting DeLucia in the abdomen. She dropped to the ground while Wong shot the other receptionist. DeLucia played dead while the attacker shot his way through the building. At 10:31 a.m., DeLucia somehow managed to call 911. Police responded within two minutes and found 13 people dead, including the other receptionist.

The Binghamton police chief believes DeLucia's quick thinking and action made a big difference. "She's a heroine and I believe she saved some lives," says Chief Joseph Zikusky. Thirty-seven people managed to escape. DeLucia is in critical condition now and will make a full recovery. Her brother says she rolls her eyes when she's hailed as a hero. She's a strong woman who made it through the loss of her husband Christopher to cancer three years ago. A friend and neighbor of 26 years adds: "Most people's first instinct would have been to get down and stay quiet - but not Shirley's."

The Theory of 10-80-10

It's true: DeLucia's response was remarkable. In a crisis, survival experts say that only 10 percent of us do the right thing with clear, quick thinking and decisive action. Most of us - around 80 percent - freeze in fear or bewilderment or fall into a stupor. The remaining 10 percent of us do the wrong thing and engage in self-destructive or counterproductive behavior.

What did DeLucia do right? Some combination of thought and instinct told her to play dead. In the animal kingdom, it's known as thanatosis - an animal feigns death in order to evade predators or unwelcome mating attention. Opossums are best known for playing dead. Many other species - mammals, birds, lizards, insects -- do the same. (One study of young fire ant workers under attack from neighboring colonies showed that playing dead increased survival chances four times compared to older worker ants who fight back).

In April 2007, Clay Violand was in French class at Virginia Tech when a shooter barged into Room 211, spraying the room with bullets. The shooter left the room briefly and Clay quieted his friends and and told them: "Pretend you're dead." The shooter returned, fired some more rounds and took his own life. Twelve students and the teacher died in that classroom. Clay was the only one who wasn't killed or injured. Why? Violand remembers"I think it's just simply because he either honestly thought I was dead already -- I really didn't move or talk at all -- he never saw me like move I don't think."

Of course, playing dead offers no guarantee. Without question, some of the victims in Binghamton and Blacksburg did everything right (and possible) and yet they perished. Still, survival is a learnable mindset - a way of approaching virtually any crisis. While nothing is ever certain, experts insist that you can improve your chances if you're ready to take action.

Survival Strategies for an "Active Shooter"

It's a sad reflection of our society, but many people wonder: What can you do if you end up in one of these terrible, terrifying situations? At the University of California, Davis, veteran Police Lieutenant Matt Carmichael teaches workshops on how to survive what he calls an "active shooter." Among the recommendations:

1. Escape (if you can).
2. Cover (find protection behind an object that will stop a bullet; look for chances to escape, especially during reloading).
3. Hide (then look for opportunities to escape.
4. Play dead (and look for ways to escape).
5. Attack the attacker (as a last resort, catching him by surprise or from behind).

These suggestions may seem obvious, but remember: In a crisis, 80 percent of us freeze and don't know (or remember) what to do. It's easy to dismiss a list of safety ideas. After all, 60 percent of us pay no attention to flight safety briefings or information cards on airplanes. But planning ahead can make all the difference - on a burning jet or in any crisis - especially if you're like most people and don't have Shirley DeLucia's incredible instincts.

 
 
  • Comments
  • 77
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
elizlucinda
a mind is a terrible thing to waste
04:06 PM on 04/08/2009
Oh good God...what is this world coming to? At the moment....I am a little relieved that I live in Canada where we have some gun control legislation
11:39 AM on 04/20/2009
Since the US has about 20,000 laws dealing with guns, we have plenty of gun control legislation
07:26 PM on 04/07/2009
I am a bit concerned about how we apply the term "hero" to the point that it loses its truemeaning.

Ms. DeLucia was certainly smart to play dead -- an act of self-preservation, not heroism. Her 911 phone call also was smart -- another act of self-preservation, tinged with altruism; I'm sure she desired to save others as well as herself.

A hero is someone who knowingly puts him or herself in great danger, in the effort to save lives, disregarding existing safer options for self-preservation. A 3 year old who calls 911 when a parent passes out is smart and resourceful, but not a hero. A pilot who lands a damaged plane safely is a great pilot, and deserves our thanks and appreciation, but is not a hero; after all, he was saving himself, and had no other options under the circumstances.

I think we need to reserve the term hero for those special individuals -- firefighters, teachers, soldiers, parents, and even animals -- who make those split second decisions to sacrifice their own safety, and often their own lives, in order that others may survive.

Having said that, a tip of my hat to Ms. DeLucia for being so smart and resourceful. And to phone owners everywhere, this is another example of how phones save lives. To paraphrase the late Chuck Heston, anyone who wants to take my phone is going to have to pry it from my cold dead hands.
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Ben Sherwood
11:15 AM on 04/08/2009
What is the "true meaning" of hero? I recognize there is a one definition that evokes Greek mythology and legendary characters of divine descent. In standard usage (and this blog), however, the word refers to ordinary people doing remarkable and admirable things under tremendous pressure. In that sense, Shirley DeLucia (or Captain Sully Sullenberger) are heroes: people we admire for their achievements (and/or people who show great courage). In its higest form - recognized by the Medal of Honor, for instance -- heroism involves self-sacrifice on behalf of others. But I don't believe the word is diminished by applying it to regular people who do uncommon things in a crisis. Yes, Sully Sullenberger did his job - he saved himself and his crew and passengers. But experts say that many other well-trained pilots wouldn't have been able to land the plane in the same (safe) way. Similarly, many other people shot in the stomach might not have been able to call 911 and inform police about the shootings.
02:41 AM on 04/15/2009
I don't disagree that there are those who deserve praise for helping others and doing good things. Capt. Sullenberger may be a hero, Ms. deLucia is definitely not. I would say Capt. Richard Phillips is a true hero -- he deliberately placed his life in danger by exchanging himself with another hostage to save that person's life, knowing that his may well have been forfeit.

Again, I believe that extraordinary self-sacrifice is a prerequisite for anyone to be labeled as a hero. Otherwise, the term becomes a another meaningless word subject to the broadest of interpretations, and loses any inherent value it once had.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mcthfg
06:38 PM on 04/07/2009
Funny - no pro gun people on this board have ever stopped a home invasion - otherwise we'd hear all about it as proof that having a gun works.

And no one seems to mentioned how many people DIED when they pulled out their gun and were shot by the home invader.

People who like guns are like people who like be monster trucks. Viagra is cheaper, and I don't have to worry about you hitting me.
07:14 PM on 04/07/2009
People like yourself constantly use this argument as a defense mechanism to compensate for being a natural born victim. That's why you always project with the sexual insult.
You don't possess the normal instinct and courage to defend yourself from a violent attack and therefore you lash out at people who do .You should consider getting some therapy for your disorders and quit insisting that people who aren't inclined to beg for their life when confronted with a violent attack like yourself live the way you think they should.
Oh, and please don't come back with the "I'm a former Navy Seal" crap.
09:51 AM on 04/08/2009
Perfect answer!
07:58 PM on 04/07/2009
my old boss's son used a gun to stop a car jacking. he didn't shoot it or anything, just waved it at the car jackers through the glass, and they ran off. does that count?
05:18 PM on 04/07/2009
Remember, folks, that sensible firearm regulations are EXACTLY THE SAME as completely banning all law-abiding citizens from owning guns.

Yup, things like waiting periods and background checks are EXACTLY THE SAME as a nationwide immediate seizure of all firearms and ammo.

Remember that. There are NO grey areas. ANYTHING other than total, unrestricted, unregulated ownership of all forms of firearm is EXACTLY EQUIVALENT to a totalitarian dictatorship run by liberal gays.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mcthfg
06:28 PM on 04/07/2009
Those damn liberal gays, always takin' my rights away...
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
elizlucinda
a mind is a terrible thing to waste
04:04 PM on 04/08/2009
Clavis..Clavis..clavis....You need an intervention
03:27 PM on 04/07/2009
why am i having to contemplate how to survive an attack by a gun-wielding madman?! are guns really so valuable to their owners that the rest of us should be forced to risk out lives every day, just by going to school or a nursing home or a community center?

we've realized the need to protect ourselves from the dangers of second-hand smoke through smoking restrictions . . . can't we protect ourselves from the second hand dangers of gun ownership (i.e. their owners opening fire on us)?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
03:50 PM on 04/07/2009
Why am I having to contemplate being stripped of my right to keep and bear arms because some criminal commits a crime?

If guns are so useless in protecting us from killers with guns, cops and soldiers would shoot spitballs instead.

Who would you call if someone was about to kill you? You'd call GUYS WITH GUNS! The only difference is that they'd take a while to get there -- you and any innocent bystanders would be on the scene as it happens. It's silly but true: "when seconds count, the cops are only minutes away."
05:06 PM on 04/07/2009
Thank goodness you're incapable of telling the difference between regulations and banning. I mean, we wouldn't want you to go off on a rant based upon either your inability to recognize gray areas or your extremist refusal to acknowledge them, would we?
photo
peterg76
Freelance medical transcriptionist
03:05 PM on 04/07/2009
It also helps if you can figure out whether the attacker is a psychotic or a rationally-thinking criminal.
01:41 PM on 04/07/2009
another good things to bear in mind is that april tends to be a particulary bad month for this sort of thing:

L.A. Riots in April
Virginia Tech in April
Oklahoma City in April
MLK in April
etc. etc. etc.
09:50 AM on 04/08/2009
Taxes are due April 15.

Maybe it's part of the problem, maybe not. Just pointing it out.
11:54 AM on 04/07/2009
The comment to turn sideways & put some distance between yourself & the shooter was good advice & informative. Thanks, I'll remember this next time someone goes postal. Notice how much violence we've had since the rich declared total class warfare against the rest of us late last year? Expect more ruined people flipping out over the coming months...and remember to turn sideways as you walk away...and try to project invisibility.
photo
kcmookie
This is like a bad habit.....
04:19 PM on 04/07/2009
LOL. Is it okay if I try to run sideways?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
rucognizant
04:44 PM on 04/07/2009
"Notice how much violence we've had/// since the rich declared total class warfare against the rest of us late last year?" It happened to us over 50's, 20 years ago.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
11:47 AM on 04/07/2009
Survival Strategies for an "Active Shooter"

Arm yourself with anything at hand and rush him with as many of your fellow Americans as you can muster, and rip his neck open. It won't be easy; nothing worthwhile ever is.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
12:11 PM on 04/07/2009
Remember too: on average, if you are shot with a handgun and receive medical attention within one hour, your chances of survival are better than 65%. If you eliminate the shooter, you WILL get the medical attention you need. You will get no medical help if the shooter is still shooting.

A handgun bullet is a deadly projectile, but it is not a bolt from Zeus. Most people survive pistol wounds. It's a lot easier to take careful aim and hit someone who's cowering in a corner than it is to hit someone charging you in a righteous rage -- not to mention 2, 3 or 25 people charging you.

It is not easy to run toward the gunfire, but as any infantryman knows, it's your best chance to eliminate the threat. Turn your terror into rage, rush that S.O.B. and end it!
12:48 PM on 04/07/2009
Agreed. We (EMTs) can't save a patient if we are under fire.

Same thing as a combat medic; eliminate the threat first, then attend the casualty.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
11:41 AM on 04/07/2009
If we are at the point where playing dead makes you a hero, we are in a real world of !@#$!.

This unfortunate lady was forced into a godawful horrorshow and was able to keep her wits enough to avoid taking another bullet and to call 911. For that, she deserves our respect and thanks for doing the best she could with the resources at hand. She is not a hero unless she risked her own life to save others. She is a smart, tough woman who took responsibility and did the right thing under the circumstances, much like Capt. Chesley Sullenberger.

The term "hero" has undergone a long, long period of degradation, to the point now that it gets applied to steroidal millionaires whose only notable feat is throwing a ball well in a game. Perhaps we can resurrect the word and return it to its former glory. Perhaps then we can then be inspired to engage in "copycat" acts of heroism. Perhaps.

I can't help but wonder what Ms. DeLucia could have accomplished if she'd had a .38 on her hip, and the skill to use it. I suspect should would have used it heroically.
photo
GuyRC
FYI: there is a cream for micro-bio.
02:39 PM on 04/07/2009
You mean after she had been gut shot she could have pulled a gun and shot back? If she had moved after the first shot likely he would have finished her off.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
03:39 PM on 04/07/2009
That's some pretty wild speculation on your part. I have no idea exactly how the situation played out, but I know Ms. DeLucia had NO chance of returning fire because she didn't have a gun. That's no disrespect to her, just a statement of fact. If it happened to me at work, I'd be in the same boat: gunless.

Many, MANY people have killed their attackers after being wounded first. If she was able to make a phone call, she may very well have been able to shoot the guy in the back while he was busy killing other innocents.
05:50 PM on 04/07/2009
Same thing can be said for "The Metal of Freedom"
11:40 AM on 04/07/2009
If only a few of those killed had been packing a pistol that they knew how to use, there would have been alot less dead.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mrfreeze
A Disciple of Nietzsche
11:51 AM on 04/07/2009
A lot of "ifs" there. Ultimately, this gun debate is all about the "unspoken compromise" that we accept in this country:

We accept a certain level of carnage so that the 2nd Amendment be protected.

If this revelation gives us a (collective) head ache, then start packing some aspirin.
photo
Maezeppa
Happy-Happy Joy-Joy
10:54 AM on 04/07/2009
If somebody confronts you with a gun, turn sideways to make yourself a smaller target and to present more bone that can deflect a bullet and somewhat protect your vital organs. Respond as you feel appropriate and slowly back away. Shooters, even at close range, often miss, so every foot of space you can put between yourself and the gun increases your chances to live.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
csavage
10:25 AM on 04/07/2009
A couple of comments...
It is unreasonable to assume that a woman who suffered a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is currently listed in critical condition, especially at her advanced age, is automatically going to survive. I have cared for such people and, a great many instances, they don't survive due to SIRS, not the original injury.
Second, someone shot in the abdomen may not have needed to "play dead", she may have been unconscious for a while, then regained consciousness and called 911. Real life is not like the movies-gunshot wound cause a great deal of damage.
Thirdly, we do not hear about people carrying concealed weapons saving the day on the news simply because it doesn't happen. We have a corporate owned media, not a "liberal" media, and, you'd better believe, the NRA and the gun manufacturers would trump such stories to the high heavens if they'd actually occurred. The whispers of "liberal media suppressing those kind of stories" are just that, whispers, designed cause distrust and division.
photo
Maezeppa
Happy-Happy Joy-Joy
10:53 AM on 04/07/2009
Thank you for the insightful post.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mrfreeze
A Disciple of Nietzsche
11:02 AM on 04/07/2009
Yes, I would take your point a bit further:

So much of the gun-love in the US is based on the TV-type fantasies played out in Westerns and Clint Eastwood movies. There are commentators on this thread claiming thousands of "self-defense" stories to justify arming us all to the teeth when, in fact, no real statistics are offered.

As for the "liberal" media: Anyone paying attention for the last 30 years knows this is balderdash. "If it Bleeds it Leads" applies across the board. If someone shot someone else in self-defense you can bet your AK47 the media would descend on the story like white-on-rice.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
molonlabe
I rarely go full Wookie but own a whole suit.
11:23 AM on 04/07/2009
I see you're a big fan of the talking points. Arming people to the teeth? I think most gun owners would argue that if you choose not to carry a weapon, don't. But don't tell me that I can't.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
molonlabe
I rarely go full Wookie but own a whole suit.
09:55 AM on 04/07/2009
Ask yourself why the main stream media surpresses all of these instances where firearms are used in self defense:

http://www.claytoncramer.com/gundefenseblog/blogger.html

There is a severe media bias against guns in the US. Self defensive use of a firearm occurs at a minimum of 6 times greater than gun homicides each year. Yet, we're told that more guns = more crime and that you should lay down on the floor like a good little subject and play dead.

Get rid of gun free zones and allow law-abiding citizens to exercise their constitutional right. Maybe a criminal will think twice knowing that he/she may run up against armed resistence instead of herded cattle waiting to be slaughtered.
10:43 AM on 04/07/2009
Sure.
Can you imagine what an amazing society we would have if every woman, man and child packed a Gloch?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
molonlabe
I rarely go full Wookie but own a whole suit.
11:18 AM on 04/07/2009
When you're done kicking around that strawman, you may want to reread what i posted. Who's calling for arming children?
12:46 PM on 04/07/2009
you misspelled Glock.
Also your use of the word Glock tells me you get most of your information about firearms from the mainstream news media and movies. Glock are one brand of many different handguns.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
01:15 PM on 04/07/2009
I always carry several and at the least sign of trouble I open fire on any one who looks suspicious. that is how we end this reign of gun violence.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
08:33 AM on 04/07/2009
6. Shoot Back!