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Bernard-Henri Lévy

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What Is Really Happening in Athens

Posted: 02/13/2012 10:06 pm

The Greek Parlement's vote, during the night of Sunday to Monday, on the austerity plan the European Union demanded as a prerequisite to the release of a new installment of financial assistance was inevitable. Clearly, the alternative to the austerity plan was, in the short term, exclusion from the eurozone, leading to bankruptcy and the consequent plunge into a state of poverty even more unbearable than what the country faces today. And one finally understands that the negligence of successive governments in Athens for the past 30 years -- their demagoguery, their clientelism, their bad faith, and their short-sighted policies -- have forced their partners to raise their voices.

Nonetheless.

In an affair like this one, which is political as much as economic, and where the highly inflammable matter being toyed with is a people, their pride, their memory, their revolt, their survival, one would like to have seen things handled more deftly.

In such a declaration by German or French leaders, a tone free of contempt, less like a diktat, would have been appreciated. One would have preferred that they not contemplate the replacement of the Greek finance minister by a European commission, the very idea of which could only be perceived as a useless form of humiliation. More importantly, one would have wished that the bureaucrats responsible for the plan not throw health expenditures in with the indispensable and just measures for drastic reduction, placing them on the same level as the wasteful spending of a state given to excess. In other words, we would like to be sure that those charged with evaluating the country to save it from bankruptcy had no other choice but to make cuts blindly, reducing the budget for the most essential public services, those upon which the bio-political survival of its citizens depend, as much as, say, defense.

At the same time, we should be certain that these evaluators are themselves adequately informed of the diabolically complex mechanism that they are implementing by compelling Greece to reimburse its new debt while facing the growth that this new bludgeoning will automatically cause to contract, and that its effect will not be to bring the country to the level of debt in 2020 that it faced in 2009, before the "bailout."

In any event, it is regrettable that this crisis is not the occasion, not only in Greece but throughout Europe, for a vast democratic debate, whose results might be: 1) an actual auditing of this debt, so that the electorate has the right to know its history and how it spiralled (incidentally, isn't this the only way to make them a part of the implementation of the plan that, for the moment, is imposed upon them?); 2) a division of responsibility among governments (socialist as well as conservative), bankers (including those who have been recycled to head international institutions and who, all of a sudden, are wagging their fingers at the Greeks), and local social categories (who have turned fiscal fraud into an art form, and continue to do so); or 3) the vision not of the choice but of the choices that were available and remain so to this society gripped in a stranglehold (choice, yes, this deliberation by citizens among a variety of possibilities, even if reduced, that is the essence of democracy as invented, precisely, by the Greeks, and from which no state of emergency can exempt those who govern).

All that is not a question of style but of substance, and even of destiny, first of all because the images transmitted from Athens are not those of simple demonstrations but of a social tie that is disintegrating, exploding, dissolving -- and it's like the end of a world; and then because, if the people are not always right, one is never right when against the people -- except in resignation to its hurling itself into one or another form of this naked abhorrence, with neither words nor faith, this strange, suicidal whirling of passions that are dead and, paradoxically, all the more virulent, which is the eternal refuge of worn-out societies indifferent to the form of chaos they choose or, in reaction to chaos, to that of their chosen tyranny; and finally because the entire continent finds itself confronting this politically, morally, and metaphysically unbearable perspective. Europe had, among other virtues (including peace and prosperity), that of reconciling with the practice of freedom peoples, both to the south and to the east, who had been more or less deprived of it for a long while. And now the same institutions, the same community rules, the same currency -- in short, the same Europe -- would have the inverse effect, because it would plunge a member country into anarchy, or into forced order, a dictatorship, even fascism -- which amounts to the same thing.

This would be a failure whose shock waves, really, would far surpass those of the simple rupture of an economic and monetary union. And for the "good Europeans" whom Nietzsche predicted would be the only ones to hold back the flood of nihilism, when the time came, this would be a nearly unimaginable yet very real irony of History. But the worst is never certain. And there is still a little time to save, together, the dream of our illustrious pioneers.

 
 
 
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10:28 PM on 02/19/2012
 The  bad loans were guaranteed by the various governments that now require the debt to be repaid by the sacrifices and suffering of the masses.  Humanity is required to repay the loans of rapacious, licentious banking and lending.  As the plot unfolds, we are witnessing the greatest threat to free, democratic  leadership of the West---including the United States.  The organizations left standing from repaying the debt will be oligarchies.  By their nature, oligarchies are ephemeral governing systems.  Their injustice foments anarchy and revolt.
   A better way   is to disclaim the debt by every government while establishing a new currency and just economic, financial system.  The pain would be equitably distributed while preventing wars disembowelment of nations to preserve a system that is unsaveable.
09:40 PM on 02/19/2012
Greece is a truly entitled society. Imagine retiring a young man/woman and live almost no different than when you worked. Imagine a country where a quarter of its citizens work for the Govt. Imagine having a excellent pension the kind the union members that work for the big 3 get. Imagine one day its all in jeopardy of all going away... Thats whats happening in Greece. Of course ppl are upset, they have grownup expecting to get what their parents received. They have the right to be upset. The Govt' of greece spent more than what it took in for yrs an yrs instead of slowly gradually decreasing entitlements, now as they must make hugh cuts. They also have the right to have a country that even exists. Without bailout after bailout would greece even exist? I have a great idea - why don't we do the almost exact same thing Greece did, cuz Americans always think they can do it better.
09:24 PM on 02/19/2012
In the US housing crash, people bought homes far bigger than they could afford and the banks lent these people the money to make a quick buck.

In Europe Greece spent more than they could afford and used loans to finance their spending. German and French banks lent Greece money to make a quick buck.

In these cases, someone who can't afford the loan takes it and a lender who should be careful throw caution aside to make a quick buck.
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Captai
Get out while you still can!!
08:46 PM on 02/19/2012
Humiliate someone and you have an enemy for life.
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Bryan Boru
Engineer, Libertarian
10:32 PM on 02/19/2012
Freeloaders already are enemies of a sort.
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Captai
Get out while you still can!!
01:07 AM on 02/20/2012
Well then, you understand how dangerous those freeloading banksters truly are. Good on ya!
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08:42 PM on 02/19/2012
The Greek people were sold out.
But the bankers will get nothing.
There's no winning this game, everything is changing.
07:33 PM on 02/19/2012
What has happened is that the Greeks became addicted to "free" pensions, social programs and other unaffordable benefits all of which were financed by unpayable debts and now the bill has come due and they have no money for any of it.

The bill will come here as well and the results will be the same.
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sodisenchanted
oh yea, well don't tread on me either!
06:54 PM on 02/19/2012
Unfortunately, now the IMF is involved, it doesn't look like a happy future for Greece. Nothing good comes from the IMF. We will all sit back and watch as Greece's ports, utilities, national parks, etc., are sold to the highest bidder whether that be China, Germany, Japan or GE. Goodbye, Greece. It was nice knowing you.
06:45 PM on 02/19/2012
What's really happening?

Spending is a lot higher than revenues and has been for a long time . . .

Done.
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harveyr2
Be skeptical of politicians or be their pawn
06:19 PM on 02/19/2012
The Greeks are being hit with the rude truth "A nation can not live beyond its means and prosper." Too bad the fools in D.C. don't realize this.
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Suntio
Amat victoria curam.
09:29 PM on 02/19/2012
Why won't you people understand that they didn't live beyond their means? They certainly HAD the means, but chose not to use it. Low tax rates AND rampant tax evasion made it so they couldn't pay their bills.
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harveyr2
Be skeptical of politicians or be their pawn
10:46 AM on 02/20/2012
Live beyond their means = government spent more money than it took from its citizens.

Yes, there was plenty of tax evasion, but expensive middle class social welfare programs were the spending culprits. Its disgusting to see healthy Greeks complaining because their promised age 55 retirement benefits are too costly and so the retirement age must increase to 60.

The middle class welfare state is dead.
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Cea80
κόπρος γίγνεται.
06:08 PM on 02/19/2012
Speaking to the reaction, not the cause: there is deep resentment of Greeks against the Germans. There's hardly a village or city that does not nurse deep wounds from German atrocities committed in Greece during WWII.
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Gerald Serlin
Retired lawyer. Perserverantia Vincit
06:03 PM on 02/19/2012
There seems to be a common theme among the responders here: that the "banksters" are the cause of the problem. Who are the "banksters"? They are those crony capitalists favored by the governments who are given economic advantages not available to others. Not necessarily just bankers, but any elite group favored by governments (Solyndra, GM, GE, are examples in the USA).

The only solution is for the government to restrict itself to governing and keep entirely out of the business field. The constant favoritism of certain approved banks, businesses and products by governments has resulted in the economic disparity we see today. The government favored get rich and the poor get the shaft.
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dirtydog1776
rub my soft, furry, objectivist tummy
05:47 PM on 02/19/2012
"....their pride....."

They lost that when they started demanding the right to suck on the public teat.
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R2D2-51
Flower Power Forever
04:29 PM on 02/19/2012
I think that if Greeks during the time of Spartacus could visit us,they would be impressed by our
advances in drugs, alcohol, pornography, and fast-food, and appalled at our homophobic,xenophobic, biophobia, our fences & gated communities, the lifelessness of our physical spaces, the meaninglessness and stress of our existence, and our utter lack of practical
skills to which we build a better world for ourselves, and the extent to which we let our lords regulate our every movement.
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MarkInEugene
A blasphemy a day keeps the deities away.
02:50 PM on 02/19/2012
"an actual auditing of this debt, so that the electorate has the right to know its history and how it spiraled"

Wouldn't that be wonderful, if just once, the people could see the truth and finally understand that human beings are generally not trustworthy and will enrich themselves at the expense of others (or a nation) if they can get away with it.

A nation’s government must always have an unbiased regulatory arm not influenced by partisan forces, money or favoritism. The US is struggling right now against the same corrosive force of big money, mindless greed, and self-serving power over the masses.

There is an entropic doom in the finances of every nation on earth. It takes constant vigilance to keep it at bay because the corrosive forces of human greed and insecurity are relentless.
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harveyr2
Be skeptical of politicians or be their pawn
06:19 PM on 02/19/2012
"an unbiased regulatory arm" unless this arm is comprised of non-humans your statement is an oxymoron.
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MarkInEugene
A blasphemy a day keeps the deities away.
09:41 PM on 02/19/2012
Hence the reason all great empires have fallen...just like the US will one day.
08:06 PM on 02/19/2012
“just tell me where in the world you find these angels who are going to organize society for us?” Milton Friedman