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Bernard-Henri Lévy

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The Pharmacy of Europe

Posted: 10/06/11 09:33 AM ET

Is the European crisis the cause of the current financial crisis or the consequence?

In a sense, yes, perhaps it's the cause. Wasn't the Greek crisis the second detonator, after the subprime affair of 2008, the second phase of the combustion engine, the second twist of the downward spiral, the second virus -- European, this time -- of what we call "the" crisis? And when we say Greece, aren't we saying, unfortunately, a faulty entry into the European Community, a lack of criteria of convergence that should have governed that entry, a failure of all the radar, all the warning systems or, to paraphrase Walter Benjamin, of all the fire alarms Europe was equipped with and that, in this instance, did not function?

It's out of the question, naturally, to go to the extremes Mssrs Cameron and Obama have risked. Out of the question to interpret the euro zone's flaws of governance as the main threat pressing upon the global economy. But it is obvious that these failures of governance have played a role whereby, beyond the problem of Greece, the process of expansion that was and remains one of the loveliest utopias of our generation was poorly conducted, has produced perverse effects, and is contributing to the current malaise of civilization.

In another sense, of course, it's the consequence. It is easy to observe how the plummeting of the financial markets, the deregulation of the western banking system, the dead loss of wealth that ensued (216 billion euros as of Monday, October 3rd, for just the blue chip stocks of the French CAC 40), and speculation are in the process of accelerating the degradation, not only of Greece, but of Portugal, Ireland, Spain and Italy. And one begins to see how this chain reaction of degradation could render not yet plausible, but conceivable the catastrophe scenarios considered only yesterday as figments of political fiction or sovereignist wild hares.

The euro zone breaking up? A transition to a two-speed euro? A return to patriotic egotism? Retreating to the private domain of short-term, ill-thought-out national interests? Fortunately, it hasn't come to that. Up until now, the Franco-German couple has worked hard to ward off the temptation of the worst. But that this worst could be considered, that it figures, as a hypothesis, as an indicator of our times, that a number of individuals of good sense are even beginning to get used to the idea and simulating it -- all that says that henceforth nothing is impossible, including the slow death of this great European project we thought so deeply inscribed in an abstract and lazy "sense of history" that, ultimately, we neglected to develop its real, concrete, painstaking inscription upon the historical authenticity of the century.

But the truth is, especially, that, above cause or consequence, Europe should be the solution. The real truth is that to stay the course of Europe, not give an inch of what has been acquired and even set the machine in motion to further -- not lessen -- European integration and federalism is the sole chance we have to break the disastrous spiral, to keep from falling more and more deeply into deregulation and to prevent Europe from becoming, in any case, the depression zone of a world economy whose growth would no longer be led by the emerging economies of Asia and South American as well as, of course, by a United States that has recovered.

Concretely? This means not only a consented effort of solidarity but one of active support on the part of the wealthiest countries. (Greece's exit from the euro zone would be for all, as we must never tire of repeating, a plunge into the unknown of literally incalculable systemic effects.) It means a rigorous effort, no longer reluctantly accepted under constraint and duress, on the part of the most affected countries, one they take upon themselves, that is explained and accompanied by the mindset that must be part of it. (What good is an austerity plan unless it entails an authentic program to combat the negative spirit of cheating that has led to the edge of the abyss?)

And on the part of all, this harmonization of national rules, a convergence of fiscal and budgetary policies, this institution of a common economic government, even of a European Ministry of Finance, this securitization, as well, of the continental debt through oft-mentioned eurobonds -- in short, this new relinquishing of sovereignty without which chaos will be added to collapse and recession to chaos. (One dreams of a Europe where the bankruptcy of a member State would have no greater and no lesser consequences than California's failure to meet its financial obligations would to the United States.)

That Europe is both the name of what ails us and its remedy, that it is among the origins of the crisis and the means of surmounting it should come as no surprise to those who remember the lessons of our masters. At the origins of Europe, precisely in this Greece that was its cradle before becoming its sick man, didn't the same word, the same pharmakon signify both poison and its antidote, the lesion and its treatment, Socrates's hemlock and the happy means of accession to both eternal life and to the Idea, the bad drug and the beneficial potion? Well, it's the same thing today, Europe: the name of a temporary failure and, more than ever, of a hope for the future.

 
 
 
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07:43 PM on 10/07/2011
"It's out of the question, naturally, to go to the extremes Mssrs Cameron and Obama have risked."

I am trying to figure out what this sentence means.

But I figured out what the whole article is all about. Overthrow all the government of Europe and turn Europe into a single country, so that it can be controlled easier by the neocons as they are controlling US and Britain.

I rather occupy and overthrow wall street.
02:33 PM on 10/07/2011
In style and comprehensibility he has only one peer.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/social/fiibias?action=comments
03:32 PM on 10/07/2011
Bulls eye.

After four posts my eyes crossed and my brain began to melt!
10:18 AM on 10/07/2011
The European crises was started by the wall street banksters and their peers in London. The solution was using the same banksters with money from the US Fed to tie up national governments in Europe into unserviceable debts. A recent Robert Reich article describes it in readable English:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-reich/europe-debt-crisis_b_996528.html

But as usual, the neocon mentality of the banksters in NY and London didn't really plan on the next step. They started waging a war on Euro, because they control US Dollar and the British Pound, without realizing if Europeans decided to default, the bottom would fall of the US dollar and economy. Europe as a whole is in much better shape to recover from failing banks in Germany and France, than US dollar because of the underlying economy (main street) is considerably stronger. Europe needs to decouple their banking system from the wall street if Euro is to be saved.
08:21 AM on 10/07/2011
How so typical American. It is the US-caused crisis of 2007/08 that brings the world to the brink of disaster and now Europe - although not totally sin-free, gets the blame. And the American crooks and shysters parasiting on Wall Street are still running around free - except Madoff, who at least stole from the rich and not from the poor. Shame on him just the same! And the American president, puppet of Wall Street, while promising 'change' hasn't done a thing to change this situation. The world needs to remember that Americans have always had a knack for blaming everyone else except themselves.
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11:29 PM on 10/06/2011
"The Pharmacy of Europe " needs to address Botulism"

http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/cultural-capital/2010/02/bernard-henri-levy-botul-pages
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charlesfrith
Allegedly Bright. Empirically Stupid.
12:53 AM on 10/07/2011
Nice catch sir.
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08:36 PM on 10/06/2011
Part four:

But, again it's hard to tell what BHL proposes (if anything) and the only relevant question he asks is not new to any of us but a mere rehash of the same question asked over and over: "What good is an austerity plan unless it entails an authentic program to combat the negative spirit of cheating that has led to the edge of the abyss?"

If this Frenchman thinks that's going to happen unless citizens take to the barricades in the capital cities of the world then he should contact Donald Trump immediately for I think he may have some under-water ocean-front property outside Las Vegas that he'd love to unload.

His, I will remind you, are the words of the ‘socialist' sycophant and friend of Bush's right-wing buddy and former (E pluribus unum) friend-of-Gaddafi, Mr. Sarkozy and also the man who infamously embarrassed himself with the most disingenuous, sanctimonious, and self-righteous defense of the equally infamous thrice-married French seducer Dominique Strauss-Kahn. (See "Powerful and Primitive" by Maureen Dowd.)
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11:15 PM on 10/06/2011
Hi Arouete too bad the HP "moderators" (I am certain Orwell would have a less kind word for the euphemism) refused to include your entire serial post but I did see it at your Open Salon blog. Superb! http://open.salon.com/blog/f_arouete/2011/10/06/celebrillectual_bernard-henri_lvy_as_antidote_for_global_po

I agree. BHL is charming but I think he'd make a better contribution as a hairdresser rather than 'philosopher'. Does anyone REALLY read his books? I tried a number of times times but my eyes glazed over. Quite an irritating chore and rather unrewarding. Too bad because in person he is really a delight - or at least he seems to be.
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charlesfrith
Allegedly Bright. Empirically Stupid.
12:56 AM on 10/07/2011
He's odious. Watch how he treats Zizek at the New York Library http://www.charlesfrith.com/2011/02/bernard-henri-levy-grotesque-peacock.html
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11:19 PM on 10/06/2011
To conclude: It's always a bit suspect when rich trust-fund brats (who did not earn their money) preach leftist Marxist/socialist doctrine but hang on to the inherited capitalist wealth they did not earn. But I'm not so sure I'd not do the same. I realize that, as middle class and fairly well educated, I live better than 90% of the wretches of world and I'd certainly hope they'd not hate me for it. But what always seems absent from his tangled intellectualism is any sense of the humanity that should be the central concern of intellectuals. Which makes us wonder what they are good for.

Frankly, if he was not rich and well-connected due to birth-right I seriously doubt if his writing would earn him much attention - if any. Money and privilege is what matters and they can buy almost anything with good PR. They rarely eck out their life-styles or earn their celebrity status by virtue of actual merit and I doubt they'd be willing to play on a level playing field.
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08:35 PM on 10/06/2011
Part five final:

As usual, those who fly with the hawks and hunt with the hounds have nothing new or relevant to say about either; but if you are rich and privileged and have low friends in high places and visa versa you get billing as a ‘philosopher' and can issue vapid dicta about "real, concrete, painstaking inscription upon the historical authenticity of the century" and say what you want very badly because money talks, bullshit walks, and you don't have to work for a living.
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RagMag
still living a Ragtime Life
06:38 PM on 10/06/2011
"would have no greater and no lesser consequences than California's failure to meet its financial obligations would to the United States" what is this guy a comedian? The effect would/will be devastating in either locale. Count on the French philosophers to be splitting hairs even as the ship is sinking.

"the Franco-German couple" another laugh line I suppose. Stormy marriage that one.

Didn't European philosophy originate in Greece? The euro problem is systemic and ancient.
07:21 PM on 10/06/2011
Brightly said. I just hope there is enough common sense not to spill blood when the worst comes home. You know, it happen before: "The euro problem is systemic and ancient".
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Vintage59
Seeking tickets to First Class
03:56 PM on 10/06/2011
We have a bubble problem and it didn't start recently. It did start in Europe, though. No, I'm not talking about the tulip bulb bubble, I'm referring to the Industrial Revolution. It started outside the Eurozone, in the UK. (My apologies to the British nativists who hate being considered part of Europe but get over yourselves.) It also started a binge that has lasted more than two hundred years but can't last forever.

Austerity measures are nothing more than code to help the banksters avoid paying the piper. They are fake, mere PR. In the long run, however, we do have to develop a sustainable economy and any economy that needs to continually expand to work well has a limited life span.

Will we wait until Paris is a beachfront community before that message is clear?
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niumarmion
a temporary being
09:08 PM on 10/06/2011
150 years of cheap energy is coming to an end, i.e. coal and oil. This will constrain economic growth.
Ana4
neutrino alert, just passing through
09:16 PM on 10/07/2011
Greater London will be beachfront first, so we might not have to wait for Paris.
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Jerry Bourbon
03:30 PM on 10/06/2011
Why should the "wealthy countries" (read: Germany) continue to endure austerity such as raising their retirement ages so the socialist countries (read: Greece) can continue to lower theirs?

A better idea would be to guarantee the debts of Spain, which is fundamentally OK, but under attack from speculators, and let a Euro-less Greece serve as a Zimbabwe-On-The-Adriatic type of warning to everyone else.
07:23 PM on 10/06/2011
Sounds harsh but is fair.
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08:46 PM on 10/06/2011
Psst! Germany is about as socialistic as an nation gets. Social security? Unemployment? Universal health care? The corner stones of socialism. While almost all European nations that them long before America who first introduced them? Otto von Bismark BEFORE WWI.
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rybalaw
03:16 PM on 10/06/2011
The current European Union is the same joke that was the Holy Roman Empire replayed by democratically elected leaders rather than by the German Electoral Princes. The Euro currency and the agreement creating it is the real peace treaty between Germany and France that ended WWII and the defacto permanent occupation of the rest of Europe by the United States of America and Russia. The other Euro Zone members are there simply by the sufferance of Germany and France and can and should be eliminated whenever they cause a problem to Germany and France.
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youvebeenflagged
02:29 PM on 10/06/2011
More from the great psuedo-philosopher?
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cyberfringe
When the going gets weird, the weird turn pro.
02:04 PM on 10/06/2011
Very smart. "The real truth is that to stay the course of Europe, not give an inch of what has been acquired and even set the machine in motion to further -- not lessen -- European integration and federalism is the sole chance we have to break the disastrous spiral."

Unlike the injustices of a distant and uncaring monarch that drove the individual states of the Americas together to form a "more perfect union", the economic threats to European union are abstract and hard for most people to understand. Nor is the economic threat equal to all nations in the the union. Some will suffer far more than others. For these reasons and others, I think it will extremely hard for the individual European countries to trade their traditional nationalistic tendencies and identity for a new centralized federal system of governance. I hope they will, but fear they won't. The consequences for the US economy will be severe if there is failure in Europe to solve the economic problem of the poor southern nations and Portugal.
07:34 PM on 10/06/2011
Interesting. Can you please elaborate a little more on the consequences for the US economy if EU really falls flat on its financial and economical problems. Aside from the fact that it will probably bring serious political instability (read: potential military conflicts), how badly and why the United States, you think, will be affected.
Thank you.
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niumarmion
a temporary being
08:39 PM on 10/06/2011
Do you think that the U.S. Banking system can withstand another major shock caused by defaults of European governments and banks?
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08:50 PM on 10/06/2011
cyberfringe is correct but the answer is an education that I doubt can fit into a thimble. To argue that a failed Euro will not have harsh consequences to the U.S. and its economy is to admit to ignorance. You tell on yourself.
01:31 PM on 10/06/2011
Absolutely right. Pharmakon au fur et à mesure. People die from too much drinking water, or without it.