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Chip Berlet

Chip Berlet

Posted: June 10, 2009 05:16 PM

Holocaust Museum Shooting, Antisemitic Conspiracy Theories, and the Tools of Fear


The alleged shooter at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum today has an online book excerpt revealing his deep roots in historic White Supremacy and antisemitic conspiracy theories, including references to the hoax document The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. His website includes links to White Supremacist and Holocaust denial sites.

People who believe conspiracist allegations sometimes act on those irrational beliefs, and this has concrete consequences in the real world. The shooting today is a prime example of why it is a mistake to ignore bigoted conspiracy theories. Law enforcement needs to enforce laws against criminal behavior. Vicious bigoted speech, however, is often protected by the First Amendment. We do not need new laws or to encourage government agencies to further erode civil liberties. We need to stand up as moral people and speak out against the spread of bigoted conspiracy theories. That's not a police problem, that's our problem as people responsible for defending a free society.

Demagogues and conspiracy theorists use the same four "tools of fear." These are 1) dualism; 2) scapegoating; 3) demonization; and 4) apocalyptic aggression. The tools of fear are a connected constellation of frames, narratives, and processes used by demagogues to mobilize resentment and undermine the democratic process.

The basic dynamics remain the same no matter the ideological leanings of the demonizers or the identity of their targets. Meanwhile, our ability to resolve disputes through civic debate and compromise is hobbled. It is the combination of demagogic demonization and widespread scapegoating that is so dangerous. In such circumstances, angry allegations can quickly turn into apocalyptic aggression and violence targeting scapegoated groups like Jews or immigrants.

Apocalyptic aggression is fueled by right-wing pundits who demonize scapegoated groups and individuals in our society, implying that it is urgent to stop them from wrecking the nation. Some angry people already believe conspiracy theories in which the same scapegoats are portrayed as subversive, destructive, or evil. Add in aggressive apocalyptic ideas that suggest time is running out and quick action mandatory and you have a perfect storm of mobilized resentment threatening to rain bigotry and violence across the United States.

What historian Richard Hofstadter famously described as the "paranoid style" in American political rhetoric can quickly move far beyond the conscious intent of those who practice it.

= = =

Chip Berlet is Senior Analyst of Political Research Associates and the author of a new study entitled Toxic to Democracy: Conspiracy Theories, Demonization, and Scapegoating. He also is coauthor, with Matthew N. Lyons, of Right-Wing Populism in America: Too Close for Comfort.

 
 
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04:52 PM on 06/19/2009
P.S.,

Our "democratic" process? Reread your Constitution. We are a republic. For a useful discussion of the differences between them, see Aristotle's Politics. The Reeve translation is good.

-Chris Henderson
Politguard.com
04:04 PM on 06/19/2009
I wonder, does the demonization of the rich count in Mr. Berlet's analysis? Or the demonization of capitalism and apocalyptic rhetoric that lead to our current totalitarian response to the economic crisis? Do those making more than $500,000 a year count as a "scapegoat" group? If not them, then do "right wing pundits" count? What about 9-11 conspiracy theories involving Bush blowing up our towers?
-Chris Henderson
Politguard.com
06:28 PM on 06/11/2009
This was a fantastic post, and I hope it gets play outside of just this website. More and more of our leaders need to speak out about what's been happening, because the path we've started to head down is not pretty:

http://www.tremblethedevil.com/my_weblog/2009/06/overtaken-by-events.html
02:57 PM on 06/11/2009
maybe you could try giving everyone a fish, the fact is is that the right is very strong a yet totally unrepresented in this supposed democracy, this shooting is the result not of hate but of years of being denied a voice in his own land.
04:27 PM on 06/12/2009
You make the mistake of saying this guy is from the right, he's not at all...
Racist Museum Shooter Outspoken Liberal
http://giovanniworld.wordpress.com/2009/06/12/racist-museum-shooter-outspoken-liberal/
01:34 PM on 06/11/2009
Good to hear about the white anti semites. Now how about the African American community. Listen to Reverand Wright. I voted for Obama and discounted what Rev White was alleged to have said as propaganda. Now we know what he was alleged to have said was true and he meant it.
It is funny that you rarely hear the leaders of the African American community rail against prejudice coming from their community.
06:27 PM on 06/12/2009
And I remember Fox News being lambasted for bringing Reverend Wright's and Pfleger's hatefilled rants to the political discussion in the last presidential election--I don't care what political viewpoints you hold or what your ancestory is--HATE SPEECH IS HATE SPEECH
09:06 AM on 06/14/2009
Some of the strongest anti semitic talk comes from leftwing black leaders.
Jesse (Hymietown) Jackson and Louis Farrakahn are the loudest and now Jeremiah Wright.
Isn't jt the left who are decrying the U.S.assistance to Israel?
Lets also not forget Senator Robert Byrd was a KKK member and was given a lifetime achievement award from them. ( http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/650968/posts )

More interesting info about the good Senator. http://www.strangecosmos.com/content/item/7281.html
09:54 AM on 06/11/2009
Conspiracy theories held by people are their way of explaining the world. In this sense they are like religions. The problem with conspiracy theories and religions is that some are sanctioned by the state and some are not. The Official Conspiracy Theory ( OCT ) regarding 9/11 is a prime example. Some people, including myself, do not believe the OCT. There is nothing inherently wrong with this belief of mine. We do not actually know who did 9/11 because there has never been a proper investigation and that is because the government does not want one. Doesn't that fact concern you?
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:45 AM on 06/11/2009
"...the powers of financial capitalism had another far-reaching aim, nothing less than to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole. This system was to be controlled in a feudalist fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert, by secret agreements arrived at in frequent private meetings and conferences. The apex of the system was to be the Bank for International Settlements in Basle, Switzerland, a private bank owned and controlled by the world's central banks which were themselves private corporations."

Carroll Quigley, Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time (1966)

Carroll Quigley was a noted historian, polymath, and theorist of the evolution of civilizations.
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:45 AM on 06/11/2009
Quigley was born in Boston, and attended Harvard University, where he studied history and earned B.A, M.A., and Ph.D. degrees. He taught at Princeton University, and then at Harvard, and then at the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University from 1941 to 1976.

From 1941 until 1969, he taught a two-semester course at Georgetown on the development of civilizations. According to the obituary in the Washington Star, many alumni of Georgetown's School of Foreign Service asserted that this was "the most influential course in their undergraduate careers".

In addition to his academic work, Quigley served as a consultant to the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Navy, the Smithsonian Institution, and the House Select Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration in the 1950s. Quigley served as a book reviewer for the Washington Star and was a contributor and editorial board member of Current History. His work emphasized "inclusive diversity" as a value of Western Civilization long before diversity became commonplace, and he denounced Platonic doctrines as an especially pernicious deviation from this ideal, preferring the pluralism of Thomas Aquinas. Quigley said of himself that he was a conservative defending the liberal tradition of the West. He was an early and fierce critic of the Vietnam War, and he was against the activities of the military-industrial complex which he saw as the future downfall of the country.
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:44 AM on 06/11/2009
One distinctive feature of Quigley’s historical writings was his assertion that secret societies have played a significant role in recent world history. Although this topic was not the primary focus of most of Quigley’s works, his writing on this topic has made Quigley famous among many who believe in conspiracy theories.[9] Quigley’s views are particularly notable because the majority of reputable academic historians are skeptical about conspiracy theories.

Quigley’s claims about the Milner Group
In his book The Anglo-American Establishment: From Rhodes to Cliveden, written in 1949 but published posthumously in 1981, Quigley purports to trace the history of a secret society founded in 1891 by Cecil Rhodes and Alfred Milner. The society consisted of an inner circle (“The Society of the Elect”) and an outer circle (“The Association of Helpers”). The society as a whole does not have a fixed name:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carroll_Quigley
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:58 AM on 06/11/2009
I have no aversion to it or to most of its aims and have, for much of my life, been close to it and to many of its instruments. I have objected, both in the past and recently, to a few of its policies... but in general my chief difference of opinion is that it wishes to remain unknown, and I believe its role in history is significant enough to be known.

According to Quigley, the leaders of this group were Cecil Rhodes and Alfred Milner from 1891 until Rhodes’ death in 1902, Milner alone until his own death in 1925, Lionel Curtis from 1925 to 1955, Robert H. (Baron) Brand from 1955 to 1963, and Adam D. Marris from 1963 until the time Quigley wrote his book. This organization also functioned through certain loosely affiliated “front groups”, including the Royal Institute of International Affairs, the Institute of Pacific Relations, and the Council on Foreign Relations. After 1963 the organization’s activities were “greatly reduced.”

In addition, other secret societies are briefly discussed in Tragedy and Hope, including a consortium of the leaders of the central banks of several countries, who formed the Bank for International Settlements with the intent to “create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole.”
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:59 AM on 06/11/2009
In 1966, Quigley published a one-volume history of the twentieth century entitled Tragedy and Hope. At several points in this book, the history of the Milner group is discussed. Moreover, Quigley states that he has recently been in direct contact with this organization, whose nature he contrasts to certain right-wing conspiracy theories:

This radical Right fairy tale, which is now an accepted folk myth in many groups in America, pictured the recent history of the United States, in regard to domestic reform and in foreign affairs, as a well-organized plot by extreme Left-wing elements.... This myth, like all fables, does in fact have a modicum of truth. There does exist, and has existed for a generation, an international Anglophile network which operates, to some extent, in the way the Radical right believes the Communists act. In fact, this network, which we may identify as the Round Table Groups, has no aversion to cooperating with the Communists, or any other group, and frequently does so. I know of the operation of this network because I have studied it for twenty years and was permitted for two years, in the early 1960’s, to examine its papers and secret records. I have no aversion to it or to most of its aims and have, for much of my life, been close to it and to many of its instruments. I have objected, both in the past and recently, to a few of its policies...
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:26 AM on 06/11/2009
If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation, then by deflation, the banks...will deprive the people of all property until their children wake-up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered... The issuing power should be taken from the banks and restored to the people, to whom it properly belongs." President, Thomas Jefferson

"History records that the money changers have used every form of abuse, intrigue, deceit, and violent means possible to maintain their control over governments by controlling money and its issuance." James Madison

"The Government should create, issue, and circulate all the currency and credits needed to satisfy the spending power of the Government and the buying power of consumers. By the adoption of these principles, the taxpayers will be saved immense sums of interest." Abraham Lincoln

"You are a den of vipers and thieves. I intend to rout you out, and by the Eternal God, I will rout you out... If people only understood the rank injustice of the money and banking system, there would be a revolution by morning." Andrew Jackson
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knosiswar
Major General Smedley Butler - get to know him
09:26 AM on 06/11/2009
Is it a conspiracy or the truth that our economy has been manipulated by people of power and that the ones who are suffering in this country now are not the bankers who are getting bailed out. Is it a conspiracy or the truth that we have Senators who openly admit that the power of the financial lobby is greater than the voice of the people in deciding policy. So now that one guy goes and shoots up a place, every body should just sit down and shut up and put a smile on our face while banksters and big oil take over this country through bankrupting it.

You need a history lesson in European Banking, because you have no idea what is happening in the world we live in .
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RabidRightRebel
Rebelling against wilful ignorance is a duty
07:24 AM on 06/11/2009
Fighting the rabid right with truth is the only solution. Not that you will be able to change the minds of the current rabid right fanatics but hopefully we can prevent other from falling victim to their lies and hate mongering.

I imagine what drove this nut over the edge was Obama's visit to a concentration camp. The only plus side is that Obama's visit combined with the contempt this hateful attack deserves, will likely prevent at least some conservative supporters from joining rabid right hate groups.
07:21 AM on 06/11/2009
I would love to have been a fly on the wall in this guy's life the past few days..... My money sez there were some provocateurs [that will remain nameless without ethnicity]

who might have said.... Just do IT!!
05:49 AM on 06/11/2009
All hate and bigotry must be ended for the sake of human rights and a peaceful future. But the road to that goal is long and littered by obstacles. It requires a staggering majority to counteract the waves of extremism. They need to enlighten those in the side of hate and build the foundations of a rational, human, secular, and loving society. The change requires the entire political-economic framework to be revamped. A responsible government and a responsible economy would not breed poverty and inequality--forces that contribute to the formation of hate groups. For now we have to cope with their presence and remember not to hate them too. They are victims of a backwards upbringing and/or dehumanizing hardships. We from the side of progress must extend our hands to help and educate them. We should not just cast them aside for that only breeds more hate.
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LadyXoc
11:22 PM on 06/10/2009
I honestly don't think the white supremacist types care very much about the Palestinians...but it's awfully easy to blame the current economic crisis on Goldman Sachs and Co. Things could get very VERY nasty from here.
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cigi
02:10 AM on 06/11/2009
You know Lady, I agree with your view, but I feel we can't sit here and blame Wall Street for his actions. This guy was a right wing nut forever and his behavior is just not justifiable, even to give to others an excuse for unreasonable actions. I loathe Wall Street right now and my husband and I lost a bundle in the down turn, but I refuse to be bitter, get a gun and go kill innocent people because of my losses. We are losing all sight of civility in this country and it is time for us who don't agree with this kind of violence to stand up and voice that it is not right. This man took a life today for NO GOOD REASON...he is a nutcase at best and a horrible person in the worst sense. Guns don't solve problems, yet so many of these wingnutz go for one everytime they think they need to be heard. It's time to put them on notice or this is the legacy of hate and violence that we will continue to pass on generation to generation. Anarchy is not a pretty word and neither are the deeds that go with it.