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Corban Addison

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The Human Face Of Modern Slavery

Posted: 01/26/2012 6:40 am

Reality check: There are more slaves in the world today than were taken from Africa in the four centuries of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade--over 27 million. Of those, two million are children exploited in the commercial sex trade.

Human trafficking is the fastest growing criminal industry in the world, with annual profits exceeding that of ExxonMobil ($32 billion from sex trafficking alone). The average girl forced into prostitution is 13. Many are younger than that.

As a father, I am haunted by this thought. Even as I type, kids are being sold for sex in cities across the East--Tel Aviv, Dubai, Mumbai, Bangkok, Tokyo and Phnom Penh. In 12 hours, the same will be true in the West--Amsterdam, Rio, Toronto, Atlanta, Dallas and Portland. In the underworld, a girl is a money tree. Unlike a kilo of cocaine or a cache of AK-47s, a girl can be sold a dozen times a night for years. Siddharth Kara at Harvard estimates that a stable of four girls in a Western European apartment brothel can net a pimp an annual income of $300,000.

We in the West have a hard time believing that this is really happening, that the forcible exploitation of humans for profit is not only alive and well in the 21st century but worse than ever before. We are taught in history class that slavery ended after the Civil War. This is partially true: our ancestors defeated one incarnation of the monster. But the instinct of people to buy and sell other people for economic gain did not die with the 13th Amendment. It went underground and metastasized, waiting for conditions to ripen again. Then in the 1990s, slavery exploded into new life, fueled by globalization, the post-Cold-War economic vacuum, the Internet, and rising demand for cheap commercial sex and labor.

Four years ago, I was an attorney working in commercial litigation. If you had asked me how well I understood human trafficking, I would have told you about Svay Pak, Cambodia and the Western sex tourists who traveled there to abuse children. I would have told you about the heroic team of investigators, lawyers and social workers from the International Justice Mission working in the red light areas of India to rescue children from pimps and traffickers. But if you had asked me how well I understood the trade in the United States, I would have had little to say. Sensitive as I was to justice issues, I knew almost nothing about slavery in my own country.

The first stage of my awakening occurred in the spring of 2008. Interestingly, it was art that made trafficking personal, a film that brought it home in my heart. I started talking about it with my wife, scratching the surface of the world I thought I knew, and learning how profoundly I was in the dark. My wife's response to trafficking was even more visceral than my own. The truth about forced prostitution (bluntly put, the serial rape of women and children for profit) touched her deeply. Not long afterward, that touch triggered an epiphany. The concept for A Walk Across the Sun was hers before it was mine.

In the beginning, I struggled with the idea. I had a mountain of student debt and a law practice to grow. I knew that to write a novel on global human trafficking I would need the help of people in places of influence and danger; I would need time to research and write; and I would need resources to travel. In the end, however, I could neither ignore the idea's attractiveness nor deny its moral imperative. I was not in a position to rescue girls from brothels, but I could tell a story that would bring trafficking alive for readers just as a film brought it alive for me. I could lend my voice to the rising chorus of abolitionists saying: "Not in my generation."

When I said "yes" I dived deep, immersing myself in the literature on trafficking, learning the stories of slaves, traffickers, and customers, studying the international legal landscape, interviewing activists and officials in the U.S. and Europe, and traveling to India to see the reality of trafficking on the ground. In Mumbai, I met investigators working the streets of the red light areas to collect tips about captive children. I met attorneys laboring within the justice system to prosecute pimps and brothel owners. I met social workers with the most difficult job of all--putting rescued girls on a path toward healing and reintegration.

I knew, however, that I could not take my readers inside the sex trade unless I had gone there myself. Thus, one humid night a few days before I returned to the West, I met a man outside Mumbai Central Station, only a few blocks from Kamathipura, the city's largest red light area. The man was a friend of a friend and had offered to take me on an undercover "brothel tour." We took a taxi to M.R. Road where we met a malik--a brothel owner--known to my guide. After some negotiation, the man led us up two flights of steps to a room outfitted with couches and a mirror. The malik locked the door, closed the blinds and brought out about eight girls. All of them were young, and all of them were scared. I did not need a psychologist to tell me that they were not free to leave.

It has been almost three years since that night, but I can still picture the faces of those girls, still remember the revulsion I felt shaking the brothel owner's hand after I declined to make a purchase. I am haunted by the truth of slavery because I have seen it with my own eyes. I wrote A Walk Across the Sun to bring that truth alive for people like me, people who might prefer to believe that slavery is dead, or at least confined to dark alleys in the developing world. Human trafficking spans the globe, and so does my story--sweeping the reader from Mumbai to Paris to New York and Atlanta and revealing the many dimensions of the trade. The story is honest; it is hard-hitting, and based on the best research available. But--and this is critical--it is neither overwhelming nor grim. A Walk Across the Sun is a story of hope.

Hope, you say? How can you be hopeful after all you have seen? The answer is written in the pages of our history. However powerful and pervasive it may be, slavery is no more inevitable now than it was in the 1850s. But we cannot expect to counter a $32-billion-a-year industry without a massive society-wide effort. To vanquish this incarnation of the monster, we must pool our talents and resources, petition our elected officials to turn the millions in our war chest into billions, and commit ourselves to the cause of freedom for as long as it takes to win. It may take a generation, but it can be done. The only question is whether we have the courage to say "yes."

 
Reality check: There are more slaves in the world today than were taken from Africa in the four centuries of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade--over 27 million. Of those, two million are children exploit...
Reality check: There are more slaves in the world today than were taken from Africa in the four centuries of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade--over 27 million. Of those, two million are children exploit...
 
 
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Admiral Farragut
"Damn the torpedoes! Full speed ahead!
06:19 PM on 02/04/2012
Advocate illegal immigration and you advocate human trafficking, child exploitation, prostitution, and indentured servitude.
12:27 PM on 02/04/2012
We are but a single country in the world, and we're in big dudu to begin with. I don't think we have to turn 'the millions in our war chest into billions' and fight world-wide against human trafficking problem, as despicable as it may be. (Certainly not, because we already are squandering billions on 'building democracy' in Iraq, while our own infrastructure crumbles.) But seriously, we should first eradicate human trafficking at home, and then, if we still have resources, assist others in doing the same in their own countries.
09:41 AM on 02/03/2012
Very interesting. For another type of slave trade try 'White Ivory From The Museum' from B&N.com. Roy Carl Weiler Sr.
09:25 AM on 02/03/2012
Easiest way to end it has been found in Sweden - legalize prostitution, illegalize solicitation. When the customer faces the penalties as much more as the prostitute, the trade dries up.
05:00 PM on 02/03/2012
What Sweden did was to decriminalize prostitution and criminalize the buying of a prostitute or a sexual act. Rehabilitation was offered to sex workers and former sex workers. With the tricks and johns now getting arrested, and some 60% of prostitutes having stopped working and come in for rehabilitation so far, Sweden is well on the road to eliminating prostitution.
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Godweiser
The eyes have it.
08:21 AM on 02/03/2012
They caught a ring of slavers here in Baltimore recently; a bunch of guys with pretensions as a record label, they had the slaves in their videos. Now they're facing hard time in a federal pen. I never liked strip clubs anyway, but these girls were put out to show on the Block, which hardens my aversion to patronizing those clubs; it's a masculine experience I can do without these days. I am in favor of legalizing prostitution largely so it can be regulated more closely and that trafficking can be exposed more readily and dealt with.
Kali03
Obama/Biden 2012
08:06 AM on 02/03/2012
You know, I probably am naive in some way but...I just don't understand how anyone can go to a brothel to make use of a child. Legal prostituti­on, a la The Bunny Ranch in Las Vegas, ok. But to go and choose a kid and to make use of that child's body? I don't understand what the attraction is--is it like a rapist, who wants to control and/or violence? What makes a man want to abuse a child like that? Are they pedophiles­?

Any way you cut it, it's sick. Johns who make use of children should be publicly shamed before being sent to prison for a long time. And so should the pimps.
maxfax
Taa - dah!
08:30 AM on 02/03/2012
" Johns who make use of children should be publicly" So far Johns of almost all stripes skate free, a la Vitter.
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Bill Edelman
Writer. Progressive
08:53 AM on 02/03/2012
You already have half the answer: these people are sick. The other half? They're also evil. Imprisonment is inadequate. Some would advocate torture for them, but I disagree, as that would only encourage the further descent into depravity of those who administer, witness, and condone sadism. Simple, quiet execution is the answer. Removing this scourge entirely and permanently requires finding those guilty of enslaving children and women and, if there are any men being enslaved, men too, and not punishing them but ending them, and before they can spread their disease in prison.
03:39 AM on 02/09/2012
Have you two no sence of the golden rule of what goes around comes aound killing child molesters will get you killied in return remember. and let remember the meese report of the eighties that said that if you take away sombodies love life you get more rapes kiddappings and murders so please can we now legalize child molesters?
Not That Far Left
My default font is Sarcasmo 12 pt.
07:42 AM on 02/03/2012
Exodus: 21:7 “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as menservants do. 8 If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself, he must let her be redeemed.

Leviticus 25:44 †‘Your male and female slaves are to come from the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. 45 You may also buy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of their clans born in your country, and they will become your property. 46 You can will them to your children as inherited property and can make them slaves for life, but you must not rule over your fellow Israelites ruthlessly.

You know Leviticus right? That's the one all those conservative Christians are always quoting when it comes to homosexuals.
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Romans 9 16
08:13 AM on 02/03/2012
Levitical laws related to the nation state of Israel do not apply outside of that time in history. It is the same reason that Christians do not practice sacrifices as prescribed in Levitical laws. Context is everything. For the Christian all sex outside of marriage is against God's plan.

“Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage bed kept pure, for God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral.†Hebrews 13:4
Not That Far Left
My default font is Sarcasmo 12 pt.
08:21 AM on 02/03/2012
So I'm still good with Exodus then? Clearly if a man may sell his daughter as a servant another may purchase her as such.
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mimssandi
08:32 AM on 02/03/2012
Hebrew laws related to whatever state existed at the time do not apply outside of that time in history.
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07:21 AM on 02/03/2012
Curious as to why the bible thumpers are not massively resisting this evil.
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Godweiser
The eyes have it.
08:18 AM on 02/03/2012
Probably because some of them are valued customers.
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Bill Edelman
Writer. Progressive
08:55 AM on 02/03/2012
And more of them are associated with valued customers through the good-old-boy network.
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Romans 9 16
08:26 AM on 02/03/2012
As you so crudely put it "bible thumpers" are resisting this evil and it is evil. But you would not be aware of it since people of faith are being systematically kicked out of the public square.

http://www.christianpost.com/news/google-welcomed-by-christians-in-battle-against-human-trafficking-64900/
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Bill Edelman
Writer. Progressive
08:59 AM on 02/03/2012
People of faith who insist on ramming their faith down everyone else's throat, converting their doctrine into secular law, and forcefully attempting to convert or destroy non-believers are being forced from the public square. You are correct, however, that this is evil—as well as illegal, immoral, and unethical—and must be eliminated. I am strongly opposed to capital punishment, but executing these "people" who have forsaken their own humanity is vitally important.
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CoastalNC
Good thoughts create good things
09:46 AM on 02/03/2012
The only reason anyone would even know there are "bible thumpers" in the public square is because they are apparently trying to shove their beliefs on others.....I have a problem with anyone trying to shove their religious beliefs down my throat or others throats being "kicked out of the public square" because it doesn't belong there.
07:04 AM on 02/03/2012
Who said that vampirism didn't exist?
06:29 AM on 02/03/2012
Disgusting.
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Earl
Praying for the evolution of the human species.
06:16 AM on 02/03/2012
Have you been to Foxconn?
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jcwtts1
Elections have consequences
05:52 AM on 02/03/2012
I support you Addison, but man, can you not start out with your little bromide about the African Slave Trade and the middle passage. You don't substantially unpack the hundreds of years of turmoil and madness created by race based, generational slavery, the entire destruction and creation of new peoples, the depopulation of a continent, the differences is population at the time and the percentage shifts and realities of the two different types of slavery. I am not trying to say one is worse than the other, slavery is a condition of unspeakable horror. But by beginning with this meaningless dismissive rhetorical position about more slaves now, you create a my pain is worse than your pain argument.

J
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Bill Edelman
Writer. Progressive
09:02 AM on 02/03/2012
I agree with you but I'm willing to give this guy the very small benefit of a possible doubt: maybe he just had a tough time putting his thoughts into words. If not, he should be ashamed of that dismissal and address it.
05:33 AM on 02/03/2012
wallstreet would do well in the sex trade business... lloyd is doing gods work...
04:48 AM on 02/03/2012
We should never forget that it is the USA that has reintroduced slavery all over the planet. WE installed massmurdering, torturing and enslving dictators all over the world. Child traficking and slave trade are the direct AND WANTED results of our foreign policy. Because salves are cheaper than paying workers and free market will without exception go the way of more profit no matter how many die for it. As long as profit of crimes knows no borders but justice does - as long as american corporations can profit from slavery but not go to jail for it there will be no peace on earth EVER.

Profit passes borders that accountability does not and that must not be. A corporation profiting from a single slave in Asia or Africa has to have its copmplete board sent to jail as being responsible for slavery.

And it is no accident either that despiccable bottom feeders in the US are at work changing school books to tell CHILDREN HERE IN THE US that slave trade has its upsides. They even went so far as to wipe out all mention of the founding fathers even HAVING slaves.

I am a soldier and will fight for freedom. But I hav come to realize that the enemy of freedom in the US is the one giving the orders and creating the "laws".
03:49 AM on 02/03/2012
Also Aljazeera has excellent documentaries online about the sex slave industry - as well as food chain slaves, I think there are 5 reportages in the series, all in English and available online. This is a topic the media is just starting to report in the west - it's an awareness that needs much more attention both for the victims who get caught up in many of these scams and the people who pay for sex. The more we can talk about this and see the reality of this industry the better for all. Yes there are some people who willingly sell their services - but the people paying for sex should learn how to see the difference between someone who is there willingly and someone who is being held as a slave. More media attention, more truth, more awareness please.