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Dan Rather

Dan Rather

Posted: September 29, 2010 01:36 PM

Immigration reform this year is not just dead but rotting, despite the earnest efforts of talking heads on the left to create a buzz in recent days ("The Democrats standing up and fighting: immigration reform to be central to the midterms!" an ever-sanguine Keith Olberman said last week). Immigrants who expect a quicker path to citizenship anytime soon appear to be destined for disappointment.

This is a politics site, so here's some pure political calculus for you. Immigration reform doesn't energize the progressive base enough to compensate for how much it antagonizes center-right independents. Sixty-six percent of recent online poll respondents (Angus Reid, Summer 2010) said they'd support a law like Arizona's in their state, requiring their own police to determine people's citizenship status if there was "reasonable suspicion" the people were illegal immigrants. A nearly equal percentage supported arresting those people if they couldn't prove they were legally in the United States.

Why? The same poll gives us the likely answer. Six out of ten Americans think that immigrants take jobs away from those born in this country. And with unemployment hovering around 10 percent, with 14.9 million Americans out of work, isn't some enlightened xenophobia called for? Probably not. But it is understandable, given our unemployment rate.

In a recent Washington Post column, Ezra Klein makes the case that more immigrants means more workers and more workers means more economic growth. It's the same argument touted by the powerful and relentlessly on-point U.S. Chamber of Commerce, one of the U.S.'s largest lobbying groups and the voice of American business interests on Capitol Hill. Not known for bleeding-heart positions, the Chamber has been demanding an accelerated path to citizenship and an expanded guest worker program for years.

Why is there still demand for foreign labor despite so many Americans looking for work? Well, maybe the Chamber does hope, as some anti-immigration activists suggest, that a greater labor supply will depress wages and save its members money. That's in their interest, no doubt. But they insist, and there is evidence to suggest, that foreign labor is an immutable fact of our economy. It's not a question of if they come, but how. There are some jobs that American citizens don't apply for or leave quickly if they do.

HDNet's Dan Rather Reports journalist Robin Stein spent the last several months fighting to wrest data from various government agencies about a program that's often considered to be the prototype for the guest worker system of the future. It's called the H-2B guest worker program, named after the visa U.S. companies now use to bring in foreign workers to do temporary jobs they say they cannot fill with Americans.

Getting H-2B visas involves a multi-step application process that prevents -- at least theoretically -- employers from replacing American workers with lower-paid foreign labor. Companies must attest that the jobs are temporary and that they've tried and failed to recruit American workers (by putting want-ads in local newspapers and State Workforce Agencies). Employers must also pledge to pay their H-2B workers whatever the Department of Labor determines to be "prevailing wage" for that job -- namely the market rate local workers are earning. For example, a hotel in Orlando, FL must pay an entry level H-2B housekeeper no less than $8.07/hr but the same job in Las Vegas, NV has an hourly rate of $10.23.

In practice, critics say -- and the Obama administration agrees -- that the rules are riddled with loopholes and the enforcement is virtually non-existent. Still hiring an H-2B worker entails more time and money than hiring an illegal foreigner or an American worker.

And yet according to federal data for the first half of fiscal year 2010, companies in metro St. Louis -- where unemployment is 10.1 percent -- claimed to have no choice but to resort to foreign guest workers to fill 1793 jobs. Businesses in Chicago, with 10.5 percent unemployment had 639 jobs that were approved to go to H-2b workers. Even in Detroit with its 15.2 percent unemployment 249 jobs apparently had no takers.

All in all, companies have applied for H-2B workers to fill 1.3 million jobs over the past 10 years. Those are just one class of legal guest workers; and of course there are the millions more foreigners -- an estimated 8.3 million -- who work illegally in the United States on any given day.

The federal numbers gathered by Dan Rather Reports about 10 years of H-2B applications from U.S. businesses are a remarkable snapshot of work done out of sight of middle-class Americans. H-2B workers muck our stables (47,000 guest workers requested) and shuck our shellfish (15,000). There were nearly 40,000 H-2B jobs in circuses and amusement parks, nearly 150,000 in housekeeping, and almost half a million in landscaping,

These are the support jobs of the new low-pay, streamlined American service economy we claim to want to train our own children to inhabit. Though some economists say it would be better for the American economy to return to "making" and not just "doing," those decisions need to be made at the level of economic policy, not immigration policy.

In our story, we travel to Cape Cod, MA and Orlando, FL and learn the personal stories of people on all sides of this difficult question -- employers, American workers, and the immigrants themselves. We see the suffering and catch-22s created by American immigration policy and begin to think about what we might do to fix it and start a conversation that's well overdue, hoping to prop it along.

In order to give the public an easy way to search the federal data of companies that have applied for H-2B guest worker visas from 1999 through June 2010 Dan Rather Reports created this on-line database and asked PolicyMap to create this interactive map.

Dan Rather Reports airs Tuesdays on HDNet at 8 p.m. and 11 p.m. ET. This episode is also available on iTunes.

 
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Candide33
I heart Bernie Sanders
06:27 PM on 10/13/2010
All of the people I have known that use the guest worker program, get around the temporary part by sending the first batch home after 6 months and bring in the second batch and just rotate them out like that.

There are no jobs Americans won't do, there are just no jobs where Americans will let employers abuse them... and THAT is what employers REALLY want.. someone they can take advantage of.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Micronet19
05:37 PM on 10/06/2010
Good story.
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09:06 PM on 10/04/2010
High unemployment cities in need of H-2b visas.... I guess the next logical step would be to question how our unemployment and welfare system works. It doesn't take much of an imagination to realize that undesirable jobs aren't filled because citizens don't have to.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
bessielil
trying to organize hummingbirds
01:39 PM on 10/04/2010
You might add to your investigation all the workers from other countries who came to help rebuild after Katrina, and how they were exploited. Contractors subbed, the subs subbed, and layers later a Brazilian living in a tent didn't get paid and had no rights. I hate feeling so cynical but the lack of oversight was horrible, the govt sent battalions of unsafe trailers instead of buying into the Katrina cottages designed to be a start not a substitute, and the underground economy thrives to no one's advantage. Undocumented workers who get paid with checks contribute quite a bit to our coffers, with little return.

All our fun spots need service workers, but the service workers can't afford to live near the fun spots. Oh, dear. What is Nantucket to do?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Callah
just another Northern Californian
08:16 PM on 10/03/2010
In the 1980s they started giving IT positions to H-B1visa-ed people in the Pacific Northwest, and putting a lot of us out of work..Instead of using Temp Services, or going back to hiring part time employees, that were locals. They started turning IT and Office Clerical, Customer Service,Up-sell call centers into ind. Contractor positions and then Outsourced them to India, Pakistan, China...So not, they want to bring in more people to work directly in the US...What has Slavery come back into fashion again?
Please remember these are the same people who built million dollar homes without streets or services (like garbage pick up) with our tax dollars in Afghanistan.....
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Downix
08:15 PM on 10/03/2010
$8.07 in Orlando? The Minimum Wage there is $7.25, so in effect they are claiming that they cannot find US Workers willing to change sheets for less than McDonalds. This I can believe.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pcplz
just a lil ol' lady with a mind.
05:31 PM on 10/03/2010
I lived in Europe for awhile.....I wouldn't even think of not carrying my passport with me at all times. If I were stopped by the police for anything at all, I was asked to produce it. I am amazed that the United States of America cannot do the same. If my papers were not up to date in Europe....I would be deported..simple as that. Why cannot we do that here.....are we no less proud of what it means to be a citizen that we throw it away so easily?? That we don't care for others taking advantage of it??
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pcplz
just a lil ol' lady with a mind.
05:30 PM on 10/03/2010
"Companies must attest that the jobs are temporary and that they've tried and failed to recruit American workers (by putting want-ads in local newspapers and State Workforce Agencies). Employers must also pledge to pay their H-2B workers whatever the Department of Labor determines to be "prevailing wage" for that job -"

If this was adhered to there would be no problem at all. If the companies were honest about this all would be fine. But, this just is not the case. My daughter just got hired on by a major corporation (unnamed here) as a mechanical engineer. She is in a minority of Americans in her area.....most are from India. You can't tell me that there aren't enough American engineers out there to fill those positions. The American workers with that sort of education are having a very difficult time finding jobs because they are over qualified for the lower ones and the ones they are qualified for are filled by these H-2B workers brought over by the corporations.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Downix
08:16 PM on 10/03/2010
And I know US Mechanical Engineers currently working retail, or in fast food.
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1dabut1
Power is not alluring to pure minds. Thomas Jeffer
09:56 AM on 10/07/2010
it's long over do for some thing to be done about the welfare abuse in this country, that cost the tax payers probably billions of dollars.[they don't what to fix welfare but thats for later]. people on welfare can join the service, just like they did years ago when they needed jobs, and if they have to move to places that need to hire people but can't find workers, instead of shipping in immigrants ship in welfare workers. i guarantee we could fill all those jobs. Connecticut has two of the largest casino's in the world, we should have no one on welfare.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Stormyfyre
04:51 PM on 10/03/2010
I do not support the Arizona laws in any way but I can say that in the IT world too many H1B visa are being giving out. The people that get these visas will work for half the wages an American will do it for & will not ask for the benefits. The majority of the money they make is being sent home & does not support our economy. Employers that hire these people should be required to pay a competitive wage & benefits & should be required to hire a Qualified American worker first or promote within the company. If the playing field was leveled this way more Americans would keep their jobs & the businesses would do better because their employees would have a vested interest in their jobs.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
plumnelly
04:45 PM on 10/03/2010
Sounds like Bernie Madoff should have some room mates for gaming our system and destroying our democracy for greed. We should be thankful though, we still have employment oppportunities going to war in Afghanistan and Iraq, that's the jobs left for Americans so the shell game of H1-B visa's and H-2B workers can benefit.
04:30 PM on 10/03/2010
Of course there is demand for foreign guest workers - they work at minimum wage, are easily taken advantage of, and require no benefits. But the labor is often sub-standard, and the workers are not adequately trained. An American employee would not put up with that mis-treatment. They know what the laws are and they demand employment on a more equal footing.

The question is, do we want to condone the kind of employment that creates "demand" for foreign guest workers in the interest of a "free market". I say no. And therefore we need strong immigration controls, not because we dislike immigrants, but rather the opposite, we cannot abide the low wages and mistreatment.
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thereisonlyoneparty
more amazing than you
05:19 PM on 10/03/2010
You really do not think very highly of people not born in the US, do you.

"They" are apparently dumb, easily exploited, and allow themselves to be abused.  I guess that is because "they" want to be in this "great" country, so much, right?  And we let them even though "they" are not as capable as "we" are.

You speak of foreigners as though they all have an extra chromosome and claim that your position comes from a desire to help them.

Can you at least be honest that you are just a nationalist who is afraid of the "other"?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pcplz
just a lil ol' lady with a mind.
05:39 PM on 10/03/2010
Citizenship should be required. Simple......go thru the proper process. Guest worker visas are a good thing also. If the jobs were already offered to American workers and not filled and,of course, compensated in line with everyone else. Rules for immigration should be observed just like any other country in the world.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
1dabut1
Power is not alluring to pure minds. Thomas Jeffer
10:13 AM on 10/07/2010
you must not get around much, because to a certain degree thats exactly what happens,they work for less money because to them it's a good amount of money, so now that puts me at a disadvantage right off the bat, and thats what big business wants, now they have a lever they can use to cut wages, and don't let them fool you that's all they are after. then they work on rate jobs and give back money to their employer. the only thing i'm afraid of is people who can't see past their own back yard.
10:47 PM on 10/03/2010
no no no they do nopt work in 8.07 jobs this doesnt pay for there way here, many many work at 60k jobs taken from americans that can and will do those jobs keeping wages low...
04:14 PM on 10/03/2010
tell it to bloomberg and murdoch.
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kiwiphile
Bach is 6 - I'm 74
03:21 PM on 10/03/2010
Once the Republicans gain a veto proof Congress, which would not surprise me, they will eliminate the national minimum wage and then put pressure on the states to do likewise. Medicare will be revised to be available only for the most extreme conditions and Social Security payments will no longer be available for the disabled, unless they are 65+ seniors.
I also expect them to stop all unemployment payments and welfare programs saying that those programs must be of a local, non governmental level. Of course poor people will continue to be welcome in to the military and the mercenary civilian organizations now being used by the Defense Department in increasing numbers.
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1dabut1
Power is not alluring to pure minds. Thomas Jeffer
10:27 AM on 10/07/2010
i was in the Marine Corps nothing wrong with the service. It should be mandatory for every American male and female, rich or poor, and if you want entry into this country you should have to join the service, and they should take all these young kids in jail and send them in to the military. get them out of the rut that they are in.
P.S. if the republicans get back in it;s going to be the same s--t again that we have every time they get in. gas has already gone up almost 30 cents a gallon, we need to cut are taxes we don't have enough money,give us more we will we will let something trickle down to you. yada yada yada.
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nofriendofrepublicans
Mother friendly.
03:11 PM on 10/03/2010
Corporations love cheap labor. Corporations bribe congress. Congress writes the laws. Corporations win. God bless the "free" market system.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pcplz
just a lil ol' lady with a mind.
05:35 PM on 10/03/2010
The United Corporate States of America (UCSA)
03:10 PM on 10/03/2010
Here's the second example:

Aug 2008 ICE arrests 57 illegal aliens employed by Asheville DoD Contractor Mills Manufacturing Corporation (MMC) who manufactures parachutes for the U.S. military. This raid was NOT precipitated by any of the DoD contract inspectors who should have been on top of what was going on. ICE found that 85% of the production workforce were illegal aliens! And don't tell me that North Carolina citizens - both male and female can't sew or manufacture parachutes. North Carolina was a big textile producing and sewing state for many years until production was shut down and sent to China and elsewhere. Any company producing items for DoD must comply with US labor and all other applicable laws. So much for compliance in this case.

http://www.ice.gov/pi/nr/0808/080812asheville.htm