The world of work has changed forever, but the way we manage people hasn't yet caught up. Many business leaders I speak with are still relying on outdated management practices that are no longer effective, or worse, that actually contribute to challenges with employee productivity and performance. One of the main practices standing in the way of progress is the annual performance review.
To succeed today, companies cannot rely on the most important conversations between managers and employees happening only once or twice a year. And organizations cannot operate within a paradigm where information flows upstream to leaders, who then make decisions in isolation before passing down directives for employees.
Command & Control -> Engage & Empower
Not long ago it was perfectly effective to employ a command and control management model where decisions were centralized at the top and people carried out orders below, primarily because the marketplace was less complex, more predictable and so slow to change. As the marketplace has become more rapid and complex, organizations need to adapt new management models to survive and thrive past their competitors.
Companies must be flexible and agile by decentralizing decision making, providing the people who are closest to the problems the autonomy to decide and act on behalf of their organization. This rapidly speeds up their turn on actions, quickly resolving issues and innovating faster than ever before.
One of the trends that we are seeing in the last couple of years is that companies are shifting away from traditional performance reviews, getting rid of them altogether or only using them as part of an overall performance management strategy. In 2015, Deloitte announced that they would reinvent performance reviews based on findings that "the best team leaders revealed that they conduct regular check-ins with each team member about near-term work."
The 15Five team has assembled an ebook designed to explore the annual review process, it's origins, benefits and downsides. My hope is that this will be a valuable resource for your internal communication and performance management strategies. Below is an excerpt from Chapter 3:
What Employees Think
The short answer? Reviews suck.
Who wants to be scrutinized and risk being told that they are inadequate by what they see as unfair representations of actual performance. Plus many reviews are accompanied by rating and ranking systems. Take for example "rank and yank", popularized by former head of GE Jack Welch, in the 1980's:
Employees were given a rank based on performance. Only the top rated employees received promotions and raises. So most people directly competed with each other for rewards, hurting collaboration. Not to mention that the lowest 10% were fired.
Download 15Five's Annual Performance Review Guide
With rank and yank, productivity alone does not inform the results, it is productivity relative to other employees. Even when employees were productive when judged against objective standards, their relatively "poor" performance was cause for dismissal.
GE abandoned rank and yank years ago, but in 2015 they announced their decision to abandon performance reviews altogether in lieu of more regular communication via an employee feedback application called PD@GE (Performance Development at General Electric).
Annual Performance Reviews Destroy Productivity
Reviews are often criticized for being unreliable and counter-productive. Employees spend the months leading up to them politicking for position instead of doing actual work. A typical scenario goes like this:
In November, an employee gets an email from their manager (or worse, from HR) with an attached form. The form asks what the employee did over the past twelve months, how they think they performed, and what are their strengths and weaknesses. So instead of working that day, employees spend hours carefully crafting a document that paints them in the best light possible.
In cut-throat environments employees tend to experience high levels of stress and anxiety, which decreases productivity, morale, and overall job satisfaction. Imagine how much better reviews (and actual performance) would be if employees were working in more supportive environments with healthy levels of competition.
Less Reviewing, More Supporting
High-performers understand that there is constant room for improvement, and they thrive when given the opportunity to give and receive constructive employee feedback. If managers are not talking with them on a consistent basis, they'll likely leave to pursue 'greener pastures' where they feel they'll be heard and valued.
Companies that remove ratings are seeing the conversations shift from justifying past performance to thinking about growth and development. Their employees are happier, which encourages more engagement and better performance.
The industrial revolution is over, and command and control no longer functions as a performance management strategy. Companies need to empower their employees so that they will be more engaged and effective at their roles.
Revisit your performance management process and aim to have frequent conversations about employee growth and development, not justifying past performance. When managers coach their employees to grow and succeed, they will be more engaged and effective in their roles.
Looking for more great insights and advice on yearly employee evaluations? Want to learn an alternative evaluation process that is far more effective? Check out 15Five's Guide To Annual Performance Reviews.