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Dr. Michael J. Breus

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Sleep Violence. Rare, But Real

Posted: 04/15/10 10:40 AM ET

If you think you've got it bad because your bed partner snores, think again.

In an engrossing editorial about sleep violence, a man chronicles what it's like to commit violent acts in his sleep (granted, his didn't go much further than punching the headboard or acting like a defensive lineman). But sleep violence can be serious. And it's not something to joke about. It entails a spectrum of disorders, including:

  • Night terrors: momentary, frightening hallucinations, resulting in panic and confusion. Night terrors are common among children. Most children grow out of them, though some can progress to more violent forms of this behavior in adolescence.
  • R.E.M. Sleep Behavior Disorder (R.B.D.): this is characterized by vivid dreams that portray threatening persons or objects. Mild instances result in restlessness and abnormal twitching in bed; more serious are occasions when people, in acting out their dreams, attempt to fight back against their imaginary foe, thereby raising the risk of serious injury.

For centuries, high-profile cases have involved sleep violence. If you strangle your wife to death in your sleep, should you be held 100 percent accountable? This has been a tricky subject for legal scholars.

Are there any risk factors? Certainly.  Most patients with R.B.D. are males over 50 years of age.

Interestingly, scientists have discovered that people with R.B.D. develop lesions on a small portion of their brain stem that ordinarily inhibits physical movement during R.E.M. sleep. So while most people are "paralyzed" during sleep, people with R.B.D. are not, and can sleepwalk and do things with their bodies that you'd normally equate with being wide awake and fully conscious.

Other risk factors include:

The good news is we have a collection of drugs at our disposal to help people with serious R.B.D., which people in previous centuries did not (though they would lock people up and force them to sleep alone). Therapy can also work for some people.

The phenomenon has been the subject of a television movie.  After Kenneth Parks, an unemployed Canadian, murdered his mother-in-law in 1987, Hilary Swank filled the role of playing his wife in "The Sleepwalker Killing" (1997). Having no motive for the crime and a history of sleepwalking, Parks was acquitted by an Ontario jury. In another case in Scottsdale AZ, the man was found guilty.

If you or someone you know is prone to violent acts in their sleep, they should immediately see a sleep specialist to get help - this is a treatable disorder.

Sweet Dreams,

Michael J. Breus, PhD
The Sleep Doctorâ„¢
www.thesleepdoctor.com

This article on sleep violence is also available at Dr. Breus's official blog, The Insomnia Blog: by Sleep Doctor Michael Breus, PhD.
 
 
 

Follow Dr. Michael J. Breus on Twitter: www.twitter.com/thesleepdoctor

If you think you've got it bad because your bed partner snores, think again. In an engrossing editorial about sleep violence, a man chronicles what it's like to commit violent acts in his sleep (gra...
If you think you've got it bad because your bed partner snores, think again. In an engrossing editorial about sleep violence, a man chronicles what it's like to commit violent acts in his sleep (gra...
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Acting out while asleep

 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PCMinistry
Your Father
12:12 PM on 04/16/2010
I've been a somnabulist my whole life. I talk out loud as well. I have pushed and struck my girlfriend while sleeping and having dreams of fighting a dream foe. She woke up and hit me back and I woke up. I was recently diagnosed with Sleep Apnea and now that I have my CPAP pretty much almost all of it it has gone away. I still occasionally have bad nights but for the most part it is much much better.
03:10 AM on 04/16/2010
When I was younger, I was a "violent sleeper" (as my grandmother called it). I felt bad for any bed mate (either my sister or grandmother) as a child because I would apparently thrash about, kicking out at whatever was nearest to me. After a while, it became a running joke as family members would compare their bruises received at the end of each week. When I started cursing continuously in my sleep in the 3rd grade (and could obviously not go for sleepovers), breakfast conversations about my previous night's expletives were a laugh riot.

On the upside, my parents were able to afford a bed for my sole use when I turned 10. Now the shoe is on the other foot. The way my dog dreams (both barking with his mouth shut and "running" (moving his legs as if he were chasing a squirrel), I'm starting to realize why family members would pick straws on who I had to sleep with each evening.
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brahdog
hello walls
01:45 AM on 04/16/2010
i occasionally wake myself up yelling in anger in a dream. like the night before last. i've even woken myself punching at characters in my dreams. it's weird.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheGripester
bites when poked
07:49 PM on 04/15/2010
Also, one time a girlfriend of mine had a dream that I was acting like a real jerk. Then she woke up and slapped me, ha ha.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheGripester
bites when poked
07:48 PM on 04/15/2010
I don't know if this is related, but a carpenter in my home town used to hammer in his sleep, occasionally punching his wife as he went through the motions.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Velvet Staccato
Did you feel that? Yeah, neither did I...
06:40 PM on 04/15/2010
I can't wait to show this to my hubby so he'll know I'm not trying to awaken him by kicking and punching. I've had "fight or flight" dreams for decades and I've no idea why. In college, my roommate used to have to wake me up because I'd be punching my pillow with both fists in my sleep!
05:44 PM on 04/15/2010
Before I understood that I had Chronic Hypoglicemia, I would wake up suddenly on all fours panting heavliy and heart pounding. It turned out vinegar was causing this reaction and when I stopped vinegar my night terrors went away. Certian cheeses and dark chocolate will cause problems as well. This was something I had to figure out on my own, doctors where no help with this.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
The Cause Endures
04:57 PM on 04/15/2010
I had a friend who lost both his wife and children after a night, which he does not recall, of waking up and beating her senseless. No drugs or alcohol involved, I can safely say. The man has no idea what happened, but a judge isn't buying it.

And so continues our limited understanding of subjectivity.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
citizenbloggerx
04:10 PM on 04/15/2010
Oh man !! I wish somebody would do a serious study on this , I could be one of their study subjects, Of course I have no recollection of what I do in my sleep, I rarely dream (That I know of ) But my wife , My kids, my parents and friends can all attest that I am extremely violent in my sleep, I agrue, fight, kick, curse out and have gone into detail with the violence I'm about to impose on my -- foe ? -- My wife has sat up nights afraid that I might act out on my violent behavior.
For the record I'm a very peaceful person, I've been in very few fisticuffs in my 48 years and I've never hurt anyone or anything, It is rather embarrassing to be told the next day of my behavior, But if you ever see me in your dreams watch out I might be coming for you LOL
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pulmonary something
09:41 PM on 04/18/2010
ummm... There are serious studies on this... Go to your doctor and ask for a referral to a sleep lab... This has been a part of medicine for decades.... I conduct sleep studies on patients as one of my jobs.
02:02 PM on 04/15/2010
I thought it was going to be about Freddie Kruger-like dream reality /sleep reality. Darn.
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01:10 PM on 04/15/2010
When I was in second grade, I dreamed my brother was destroying a painting I had done for art class. In my dream I punched him in the nose. Unfortunately, I punched my mom in the nose instead.

In my defense , I had measles, the dream seemed like reality and I usually slept in a twin bed. She had me sleeping with her because I had been in the hospital and she wanted to keep an eye on me.
11:34 AM on 04/15/2010
"The good news is we have a collection of drugs at our disposal to help people with serious R.B.D"

Riiiiiight, too bad the side effects are worse that the problem itself.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pulmonary something
09:39 PM on 04/18/2010
You wish you knew something about sleep medicine....

There is a VERY long list of drugs that are useful in treading sleep disorders such as RBD. A lot of anti-depressants can be used offlabel with spectactular results and very few side effects. If you had an understanding of how sleep actually effects your life, you'd understand why it's so important. Sleep isn't just something you do between work days.

RBD can force people to expend more energy at night than they use during the day, leaving zero room for restorative sleep. Side effects? Whats a little bit of bloating or constipation when you are adding YEARS to your life.
11:32 AM on 04/15/2010
there was a spanish tv show and band named rbd. It would have been way more interesting if it was about this.