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Dr. Peter Wittig

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Facing the Security Challenge of Climate Change

Posted: 07/19/11 12:34 PM ET

Most people would agree climate change is one of the biggest threats to our world. But opinions differ on the nature of this threat, how it will affect our lives and what we must do to face it.

Politicians, diplomats and security experts across the board -- not only in the Western world -- share the assessment that climate change might have a serious impact on international peace and security. It is not difficult to see why: rising sea levels threaten the very existence of small island states in the Pacific and the loss of coastal shores to the sea leading to population resettlements. The increased scarcity of potable water -- as a consequence of wells becoming brackish due to salty sea water -- adds to rivalry and tension. Overwhelming evidence shows this has already begun to happen: it is not the subject of a scientific discussion in an ivory tower.

Let there be no doubt: we are not talking about a small number of people on a remote island having to give up their stretch of the beach. We are talking about sea level rises that might seriously impact the lives of millions of people who live close to the coast -- and only a little higher than sea level. Densely populated mega-deltas of the Ganges, Nile, Mekong or Mississippi or big coastal cities such as Karachi, New York, Singapore or Tokyo come to mind -- and remember that Fukushima isn't the only (nuclear) power plant built next to the sea.

The implications of climate change will not only be economic or demographic. It will affect "hard security" as well: people will clash over basic resources, they will be forced to resettle or even to migrate across borders.

Poverty and statelessness will add to already destabilized societies. But the threat to peace and security will not be limited to existing poor and needy populations: receding coastlines could well incite disputes among developed nations over maritime territories and economic zones -- think of contested islands in East Asia or the race for the shelf at the North Pole and you can easily imagine how tensions could mount.

The threats are self-evident. But what should we do?

I think it is important to remind ourselves of two basic facts :

First, this threat is of a very different nature than any threat we have had to deal with before: it is global in reach -- and makes no distinction between North and South or East and West. There will be some countries more capable of dealing with the consequences of climate change than others. But none will go unscathed. None will be able to address these challenges on its own. It is therefore mandatory -- and in the interest of all states -- to strive for an internationally coordinated approach.

Second, the one international body that has the legitimacy and responsibility to maintain international peace and security is the United Nations Security Council. It must therefore be at the heart of any multilateral approach to tackle global threats to peace and security.

One has to concede, however, that there are varying expectations on how the Security Council should fulfill this task: some governments would like to see the Security Council only act when two countries are at the brink of war. These countries usually hold the view that only military action that crosses borders justifies Council action and that everything else amounts to outside interference. On the other hand there are governments that -- in allusion to the "blue-helmet" UN peacekeepers -- are already calling for "green-helmets to close down coal-mines." These governments expect the Security Council to act decisively on the perceived root-causes of global warming. They see no viable alternative to address their justified -- and very existential -- fear of vanishing into the sea.

As far-fetched as the idea of "green-helmets" might sound, consider the tasks that the United Nations peacekeepers already perform today -- e.g. emergency aid, development and recovery, state -- and peacebuilding. Repainting blue helmets into green might be a strong signal -- but would dealing with the consequences of climate change -- say in precarious regions -- be really very different from the tasks the blue helmets already perform today?

Trying to answer this question would mean crossing the bridge before coming to it: it is too early to seriously think about Council action on climate change. This is clearly not on the agenda. The Council should, however, fulfill its duty and ready itself: It should not only act after the first tragedies hit the headlines. A good first step would be to acknowledge the realities of climate change and its inherent implications to international peace and security. This should not be seen as an infringement on the competence of other international bodies dealing with the general policies regarding climate change and global warming. On the contrary, it would emphasize that the Council is ready to assume its responsibilities to try to prevent the worst from happening -- acting with the precaution and prudence we expect in regard to international security.

 

Follow Dr. Peter Wittig on Twitter: www.twitter.com/@germanyUN

Most people would agree climate change is one of the biggest threats to our world. But opinions differ on the nature of this threat, how it will affect our lives and what we must do to face it. Poli...
Most people would agree climate change is one of the biggest threats to our world. But opinions differ on the nature of this threat, how it will affect our lives and what we must do to face it. Poli...
 
 
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Jeremy Lin = Game Change
10:40 AM on 07/21/2011
Yes, climate change is a global challenge.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lx92rgo9jo
Desert Jihad
08:24 AM on 07/21/2011
Thank god the UN is finally starting to take action on climate change. Now if they would just do something about the continuing bigfoot menace.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Moose Luck 99
GEOENGINEERINGWATCH DOT ORG
06:52 PM on 07/20/2011
We need alternative energy to keep the fossil fuel prices in line.

Sea level? Slowing down - http://sea­level.colo­rado.edu/
No where near 'unprecede­nted' rate - ~20 meters in ~1000 years = ~20mm/year - http://oce­anexplorer­.noaa.gov/­exploratio­ns/09newwo­rld/backgr­ound/occup­ation/medi­a/Post-Gla­cial_Sea_L­evel_600.j­pg

CO2 and temperatur­e, currently at a LOW point for BOTH over the last 400 million years - http://geo­craft.com/­WVFossils/­Carbonifer­ous_climat­e.html

Hurricanes / Tornadoes, no correlatio­n - http://www­.coaps.fsu­.edu/~maue/trop­ical/globa­l_running_­ace.jpg http://lwf­.ncdc.noaa­.gov/img/c­limate/res­earch/torn­ado/tornad­otrend.jpg
11:06 AM on 07/20/2011
Sincere Mr. Peter Wittig,

My comment is I want to quote the following article "The ocean rise may continue even after warming stops" R&D magazine 19Th July 2011. In my modest opinion there isn't the slightest chance of a temperature rise this century being below the IPCC UN goal of 2 centigrade. As a matter of a fact it already may be more. Wait and see isn't an option either and a joint Global United action is warranted. This isn't something to be achieved overnight. It is Important to keep informing the general public in a way that helps us to realize the global scale of the climate problem we are to face.Two third of the global population lives on the shore line and will be affected by rising sea levels over time if nothing is done or too little too late . With regards, Peter Dousma, graduate technical business engineer
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08:04 AM on 07/20/2011
BACKGROUND
United Nations countries belong to an organization called the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which publishes a report every six years. Often referred to as the "climate bible" these reports are relied on by governments around the world……

The latest (report) was released in 2007. Sometimes called the AR4 (the Fourth Assessment Report), it contains 44 chapters and is nearly 3,000 pages long. Written by people organized into teams - Working Group 1, 2 and 3 - it consists of three smaller reports bundled into one.

The chairman of the IPCC has repeatedly said the report relies solely on peer-reviewed literature to support its findings. He has said research that hasn't appeared in peer-reviewed journals should be thrown "into the dustbin" (see the last line of this newspaper article). But our audit has discovered almost 5,600 non-peer-reviewed references in this report…..

Of the 44 chapters in the IPCC report:
21 received an F- 59% or fewer references are peer-reviewed
4 received a D- 60-69% of references are peer-reviewed
6 received a C- 70-79% of references are peer-reviewed
5 received a B- 80-89% of references are peer-reviewed
8 received an A- 90-100% of references are peer-reviewed

http://www.noconsensus.org/ipcc-audit/IPCC-report-card.php
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
01:24 AM on 07/20/2011
"climate change might have a serious impact on international peace and security." MIGHT? it's going to be real nightmare, especially for those in urban areas.

and i don't really care what color the helmet is...the last thing i want to see out here where i am is a soldier of any kind. many of us are preparing for this. if our govt was responsible, they'd be helping prepare the public at large instead of playing like our culture is fine and will answer the problem we created by creating more technology. it ain't gonna happen.

they KNOW where we're at on the bell curve of peak oil. scares the tar out of me their not coming clean.
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realpolitic
Proud member of the reality-based community!
12:06 AM on 07/20/2011
The U.S. military takes climate change and the threats in poses to societal disruption very seriously. Retired Air Force Lt. Gen. Lawrence Farrell predicted increased migration to more developed countries.  “Migrants from Africa will flow to Europe, while the U.S. will see migrants from Mexico, Central and South America,” he said.In many African states, climate-related stresses are “a main contributor to instability,” Mr. Fingar told Congress this summer. “We judge that sub-Saharan Africa will continue to be the most vulnerable to climate change because of multiple environmental, economic, political and social stresses.”  “More and more, climate change will require mass mobilizations of the military to cope with humanitarian disasters,” said Joshua Busby, assistant professor of public affairs at the University of Texas at Austin.  As certain regions become warmer, researchers say, the range of mosquitoes and other disease- carrying insects will expand. “Pandemic diseases not only prompt humanitarian catastrophes, they can directly threaten deployed U.S. troops,” said Sherri Goodman, general counsel for CNA.
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eaarth2
“An era ends when its illusions are exhausted
10:48 PM on 07/19/2011
Climate change will hit the poor the hardest in countries that will feel the impacts of heat, drought, floods extreme storms and sea rise. Water will become a resource as valuable as gold in years to come.

Climate instability breeds societal chaos. With nations fighting over water, and disappearing agricultural belts, that shift because of climate change. Famine, social dislocation all present huge instability with wars and migration.

Even in the USA- another 1 degree rise Celsius in temperature will result in large regions of the American wheat and corn western corn belt will result in crop failures and eventually the entire region reverting to a large dust-bowl.

The stakes are high. The frightening aspect is that it is happening now. C02 emissions are soaring, and stand at highs not seen in nearly 20 million years. Yet we have a US Congress lead by criminals who deny a problem exists. It seems like a perfect storm- of inaction, greed, and willful destruction of many parts of the American heartland.

The price will be so high in the end- its not if the USA still exists, but whether a civilization will.
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
01:14 AM on 07/20/2011
this is why industrial civilization must end. the sooner, the better. localized economies must meet needs of whomever can survive the transition. we're cruising towards an incredibly unstable environment and peak everything.

tick tock.
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flipacoin
Heads they win, tails we lose.
09:41 PM on 07/19/2011
"Most people would agree that climate change is the biggest danger that this world faces"? In the latest poll only 44% believe in manmade global warming. I wish the global warmist would stop assuming the sale and putting words into people's mouths. Politicians all over the world have been ignoring pending financial collaspes because of their elections are coming up BUT...far futured, drummed up emergency global warming problems are latched on to by these prograstinators as a problem THAT HAS TO BE TAKEN CARE OF RIGHT NOW!!! Why? Well, because of the money and power that it will give them, of course.
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gallon
Those who fail to remember history are, um
12:32 AM on 07/20/2011
Hint: global warming is not decided by your polls.

The basic science of it was settled long long ago. The scientists agree. Deniers are just now getting the issue and deciding it is a money scam. This reflects more upon the minds of the deniers than anything else.
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
01:16 AM on 07/20/2011
would like to see a poll on how many deniers are also betting on a do over afterlife where suddenly they can behave the same way with no ramifications because god of course is going to make it all perfect.
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StephenBP
What's he building in there?
06:30 AM on 07/20/2011
"The latest public opinion survey on global warming is in, and the results show a slight rebound compared to last year in public support for evidence indicating that the globe is warming, and steady support for the scientific view that human activities have something to do with this warming". jun 2011
"The poll shows that, when asked to assume that global temperatures are rising, most Americans say they view human activities as either the primary cause or a contributor to this trend. ..... Furthermore, a surprisingly large percentage of people continue to believe the falsehood that there is a lot of disagreement among scientists that the earth is warming in the first place. " Yale and GMU poll, jun 2011
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niumarmion
a temporary being
07:00 PM on 07/19/2011
The governments might take action when they realize it is going to be harder to control their populations when the populations realize that there will be little to lose due to climate change.
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Counterintuitive
We'll steer by the beacon of our 100 year forecast
04:27 PM on 07/19/2011
Safety is a hard product to sell. Demand for safety might result from our gradual maturation as we leave adolescence. Or perhaps it results from first hand experience in high risk environments.

The English speaking countries have had a massive surplus of safety for years, so its going to be hard to convince them that they need even more. Instead, the UN will need to promote a Safe Atmosphere in the countries that have already experienced environmental degradation. Greenland, for example, is still trying to rebuild the forests that were cut down by the Vikings.
In the US or Australia, the campaign will have to focus on areas that have experienced drought, floods, or fires. The rest of us simply feel too secure to be worried.
04:25 PM on 07/19/2011
"Most people would agree climate change is one of the biggest threats to our world."

With the fees from the CDM (UN Clean Development Mechanism) replacing the lucrative but now defunct Iraqi Food for Oil swindle propping up UN's bloat, and if the UN "speaks for the world," yes indeed most people would agree by representation.

It is interesting to see someone acknowledge here the UN in a little way. But he is German, not American. It seems all the American lackeys subisdised by big-energy-other-than-Exxon-Mobil have received instructions never to mention the words Unitted Nations or the IPCC for that matter. They will cite IPCC science, but never the source.
09:42 PM on 07/19/2011
IPCC science. Thanks! I'll add that to my list along with jumbo shrimp, military intelligence, government worker, downtown podunk, etc.
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gallon
Those who fail to remember history are, um
07:58 AM on 07/20/2011
The IPCC report remains a good, reliable accurate summary of climate change.
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Pod-gers
Jeremy Lin = Game Change
04:05 PM on 07/19/2011
The US Congress appears divided on Environmental Security issues. many argue that protecting the environment costs too much. However, In China, record development, record breaking numbers of people raised out of poverts, have happened at the same time as China has increased forest coverage, from some 8% in 1949, to 18% in 2003, with planse to accellerate the increase over the next 10 years.

Here is a super slide show of the forrest coverage in Tibet, which has risen from 1% to 11.9%
http://www.globaltimes.cn/NEWS/tabid/99/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/666026/Forest-coverage-rate-in-Tibet-rises-to-1191-after-peaceful-liberation.aspx

It's high time that "democracies" stop dragging their feet on environmental protection under the guise that it is too expensive.
03:17 PM on 07/19/2011
It seems like blue helmets are often only welcomed by one side in some conflicts. The green ones would likely be no different.
A cautious approach is called for.

On the other hand, Security Council attention to the issue is merited and their involvement is past due.
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Pod-gers
Jeremy Lin = Game Change
02:31 PM on 07/19/2011
I agree that the focus should be global. Here in New england, more and more wetlands are lost to development. Gov Patrick, MA, has permitted a streamlined approval process for development that precluded doing an Environmantal Impact Study. This endangers migrating waterfowl on the International Atlantic Flyway. what is shameful is that he is supposedly a Progressive!

Meanwhile, quietly, and in spite of all the Dalai Lama's vitriol, China is making progress in protecting the environment in the midst of development and climate change.

http://tibet.news.cn/english/2011-03/01/c_13755712.htm

please enjoy the slide show :)
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
01:20 AM on 07/20/2011
no matter what steps china's taking, they're not reducing consumption, it's increasing. it's increasing EVERYWHERE. that isn't going to solve the finite amount of resources means finite amount of resources.

dismantling industrial civilization is pretty much our only shot now. we cannot sit idly by waiting for the corporations whose sole purpose is to produce goods with exponential growth constantly.
unsustainable means just that.