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Eliot Daley

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Same-Sex Marriage Is Not a Matter for Ballots

Posted: 07/25/11 05:05 PM ET

"I don't get to vote on your marriage. How come you get to vote on mine?"

With that simple question to the Iowa State Legislature, a gay man recently laid bare the fundamental wrongheadedness of all the laws and referendums aimed at either permitting or forbidding same-sex marriage. Such a pursuit of happiness is a right, not a privilege subject to the approval of voters -- something that Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont is addressing right now with hearings to repeal the pernicious "Defense of Marriage Act" designed to obstruct same-sex marriage.

The wrongheadedness of both the prejudice and the failure to recognize such a right has not been self-evident forever, of course. When I was a teenager in the '50s, I freely joined my peers in denigrating "queers" and "homos" and had no qualms about using the word "nigger" either -- to my everlasting shame and regret and astonishment. Astonishment, because my parents were as devoted to civil liberties as any two people could possibly be in their generation. They abhorred any and all prejudices and strove consistently to wipe them out.

But their sons proved perfectly capable of ignoring such models, preferring to flow along with their peers until creeping maturation realigned us to our parents' stance. My own evolution has progressed through a pronounced series of stages, from teenage peer-compliance, to admiration for my parents' understanding, to the influences of seminary, to the testing of my convictions when confronted by parishioners' negative reaction to my support for gays and lesbians.

To enhance my evolution beyond peer-prescribed prejudices, I had a case study to witness firsthand. At the time I entered San Francisco Theological Seminary (SFTS) in San Anselmo in 1962, my mother was leading a highly effective campaign right across the Golden Gate bridge to help the San Francisco gay community forge itself into a formidable political force, one which has controlled the balance of power in that city ever since and made it the most gay-friendly environment in America.

My years at SFTS only deepened my commitment to freeing both the victims and the perpetrators of prejudice from the damage it inflicts on both parties' humanity. Theodore Gill, then the visionary president of SFTS, was relentlessly outspoken in his view that Jesus demonstrated a radical inclusiveness that was utterly incompatible with drawing any lines of distinction between the value of one human being and another. Gill was a civil libertarian who found inspiration for his even-handedness and love of personal freedom in the life of Jesus even while propounding a surprisingly traditional, creed-friendly view of Christian theological foundations.

I had chosen SFTS, with its strong psychology department, in order to pursue my interest in the roots of theological formulations. In particular, I wanted to understand what human experiences had given rise to various specific images and concepts of God, and to trace how those experiences may or may not have remained vivid and valid over time. Clearly, many of the innumerable biblical laws concerning food, for example, were highly practical ways of protecting a desert people from the dangers posed in an era before refrigeration. How many other restrictions that were attributed to a caring God had been rendered moot by the evolution of both science and human understanding?

Many such originally well-intended guidelines, customs and commandments were obviously irrelevant, but the more I studied the evolution of changing beliefs in the church, the ones that were proving to be most resistant to de facto abandonment by the faithful seemed to be those that judged some human beings as unacceptable on the face of it. Confronted with a choice between following Jesus' inclusive behavior versus honoring a half-truth like "Birds of a feather flock together," generation upon generation seemed more comfortable with the latter. Many are happier, apparently, when there is someone else with whom they can contrast themselves, to the detriment of the other.

I began to muse about what many may consider the most radical question of all: What if Jesus himself was gay? Certainly there is little or perhaps nothing in Scripture that would indicate that he was. But neither is there a scintilla of Scripture that would suggest he was actively heterosexual. And if he was, well, sort of asexual, floating about with a kind of Sallman's "Head of Christ" above-it-all demeanor, reflecting serene disdain for the whole sexual enterprise, that wouldn't be too encouraging for the rest of us human beings looking for a guide to God who really, truly, fully shared our human condition.

But I found myself even more interested in the follow-on question: If by some happenstance it turns out that Jesus was gay -- if there were definitive evidence of this -- then would he, could he, still be the Christ for those people who presume that their Christ is heterosexual or asexual? Or would they feel compelled to retroactively disown whatever blessings they had experienced from that Christ before his orientation was known?

This didn't turn out to be a popular topic of discussion among the parishioners I served, but then I didn't expect it to be and didn't push it. Many are content to seal off any discussion of gay matters with a simple declaration that God has abjured it as "an abomination." This declaration (as is so often the case in religious matters) comes most forcefully from those with the least expertise in the matter, in this case betraying their ignorance of the fact that God nowhere in Scripture expresses an opinion about this, and the oft-cited reference to "abomination" refers to certain tribal customs and preferences, not divine judgment.

But the possibility of Jesus' being gay has energized my commitment to bringing about equality for all those whose sexual orientation -- I would say their God-given sexual orientation -- is different from mine and most people's. I like to entertain the idea that Jesus was gay and that he is, in some particularly profound way, the patron saint of our gay contemporaries who still suffer from others' prejudices.

In the same way, I would regard Jesus as the patron saint of those who are imprisoned by their own prejudices and find it difficult to free themselves from inflicting odious judgments on others. Alas, admiring Jesus has always proven infinitely easier than following him, for all of us.

Of course the irony of any theological discussion of same-sex marriage is that it is not a matter in which religious bodies and voices have any formal standing whatsoever. The state of marriage is made possible only by the permission of civil authorities, marriages can be performed by all manner of non-religious persons, and when clergy choose to be involved in such ceremonies, they do so explicitly as agents of those civil authorities, signing a marriage certificate authorized, issued and memorialized by a civil authority.

And that is precisely why we must reject the idea of voting on the issue of same-sex marriage. Voting is for communal preferences -- candidates, propositions, rates of taxation or zoning codes -- not for civil rights. On such matters of preference, majority rules. When a majority prefers one approach, it becomes law -- until another majority later decides it prefers something else and votes in a different law to replace it.

By contrast, we should never be voting on fundamental rights. Rights are permanent and cannot be retracted by the preferences expressed in a majority vote. Rights are declared in constitutions, and rights are to be protected by judicial decisions, not popular votes.

Some protest that permitting same-sex marriage would change the definition of marriage. You bet it would! And not a moment too soon. We changed the definition of "citizen" when blacks became recognized. We changed the definition of "voter" when women's suffrage came about. And we changed the definition of "member" when social clubs stopped excluding Jews. Some institutions sorely need to be changed, and marriage is right up at the top of the list, currently staggering along at a 50 percent failure rate among heterosexual couples. If nothing else, same-sex couples will almost certainly improve our national success rate.

So, on the one hand, it might seem admirable that voters in a number of states have declared same-sex marriage legal within their bounds, even while other states are rejecting the same proposition. But we shouldn't be voting on this at all. The very fact of the voting reveals the laxity, perfidy or cowardice of the courts who have defaulted the decision to the legislative process.

In the last analysis, however, the issue, while intrinsically one of rights, is about compassion and humility. Since when does any person -- an elected legislator considering a bill or a citizen voting in a state referendum -- get to decide which people may pursue their happiness and which may not? Since when does anyone get to grant or withhold happiness from another whose happiness is innocent of any adverse effect on others?

No one among us has, and no one should have, the power to deny another human being the same freedom we pursue and claim for ourselves. To believe otherwise is to poison our personal integrity and our society. When leaders in other nations have believed they had the right to inflict such pain on minorities (think: Hitler), it required all-out war with them to reverse their practices.

Fortunately, we Americans have a history of transforming ourselves from within, gradually disabusing ourselves of certain prejudices and eventually ending the pain caused by our egregious deprivation of minority rights. Well, enough already with the gradual and eventual. It is time to end the pain of withholding marriage from same sex couples right this instant. We can do our part by supporting Senator Leahy's hearings to repeal the odious Defense of Marriage Act and then encouraging the courts to do their job by regarding and defending same-sex marriage as a right.

 
 
 
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LoyalBob
God is more vast than the Bible.
10:57 AM on 07/27/2011
I must say that this is the best editorial I have read regarding the issue of marriage equality and Christianity.

Brilliant, Pastor Daley. Lots to ponder.
02:26 AM on 07/27/2011
Many comments bemoan the fact that government has no right to determine\define what constitutes marriage. It might be smart to remember a time when government and religion were united--religion WAS government. So, at one point, they determined one could not marry someone of a different faith, or of a different nationality, or of a different race...we evolved from that because we separated church and state. That is key. The state can, and MUST determine whose rights are being infringed. A particular church has every right to deny the "rites" of marriage to anyone who walks in their door that they deem unable to marry according to their tenets. I promise you, there are religions and churches out there that WILL marry gay people happily even if yours will not. So, close your doors to gay people if you wish....the state has the civic duty to record and recognize marriages to ensure everyone's rights are protected. If YOUR god defines marriage in a rigid way, that is fine. Perhaps someone else's god defines it another way, a more open way. And freedom of religion guarantees that YOUR god will not and cannot go stomping all over everyone else's gods. And Oh, there are so very many gods and so very many definitions of marriage. Good thing humanity is of such variety that we do not hold to single restrictive definitions of our potential for improvement....
09:09 PM on 07/26/2011
DOES OUTER DARKNESS MEAN ANYTHING TO YOU?
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JohnFromCensornati
The End is near
12:08 AM on 07/27/2011
Let me guess. It's something superstitious.
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LoyalBob
God is more vast than the Bible.
10:55 AM on 07/27/2011
Yelling does not prove a point.

Just because this ominous 'outer darkness' works for your worldview, does not mean it works for everyone? Or more importantly, that it's even true!

It's sad that christians like yourself can't open your mind to the incredible sense made by the author of this editorial. Checking your mind at the door furthers no cause.
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CMB1969
raging moderate
10:11 AM on 07/26/2011
So same-sex marriage is not a matter for voter referendums and/or democratically elected legislatures, but it is a matter for lawsuits filed within the context of an adversarial legal system? keep in mind that judges in this country are either appointed by an executive (an elected president or governor) & confirmed by an elected legislature, or (in many state courts) they are themselves elected officials. Like it or not, in this country, the political process does relate to civil liberties. Personally, I favor same sex marriage and would like see it come about, but the question of whether it should come about via courts or legislatures is really a quibble (I have always thought that the California obsession w/ popular referendums is a bad idea on many contexts).

The author states that democracy is great for "community preferences" like taxation or zoning, but not for civil rights--interesting, I have a couple of friends (of a libertarian persuasion) who would argue vociferously that a person's right to put whatever they want on their own land is far more fundamental than who they should marry. I don't share that view, but it is a question of perspective.

Personally I agree with Bismarck on this point: "Laws are like sausages--if you like the end result, it is best not to inquire too close about how they were made."
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r henry
I live between concrete walls
02:10 PM on 07/26/2011
ignore this post or delete it (mods?)
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r henry
I live between concrete walls
02:11 PM on 07/26/2011
woops. Don't know how my comment got onto your post. It was not meant for you.
07:21 AM on 07/26/2011
We live in a time when some people think that whatever they want is their "right". If they want it, they have a "right" to it. But I find no evidence to support that idea. Such a concept is nowhere to be found in the US Constitution.

Changing the defintion of marriage to include same-sex unions is not a right. The traditional government policy of recognizing the legal union of one man and one woman in marriage is fair to all and unfair to no one. It treats everyone equally. If you are an unmarried man, and you can find a woman, who is not already married, who will agree to marry you, the government will recognize your marriage as legal. Same rules for everyone. Equal treatment under the law. Those who want to change what a marriage is to suit themselves have no legal basis for saying they are being treated unfairly, or that their "rights" are being denied. Clearly they are not.
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Wayne Peterson
08:15 AM on 07/26/2011
....ppsssstttt!.....The Supreme Court has already held that marriage is a fundamental constitutional RIGHT.
....ppsssstttt!.....Since the State has jurisdiction over who may marry, it can change,amend, delete,alter or play with the current definition anytime it wants, irrespective of its' "traditional policy".
09:14 AM on 07/26/2011
I'm not saying that marriage isn't a right. I'm saying that there is no right to change the definition of it. Not even the government has the right to do that. Those of you who think that the government has the right to do anything it pleases are just wrong.
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ZenGardner
This is NOT the Zen you're looking for.
08:30 AM on 07/26/2011
And that's your opinion... which is also your right.

Please look up the definition of "inalienable rights." (I recognize this isn't in the Constitution, but the Deceleration of Independence, yet it is the basis of our quest for freedom in this country.)
09:12 AM on 07/26/2011
Inalienable rights must come from God, since God alone can grant them. And God has NOT granted the right to change the definition of marriage.
03:48 PM on 07/26/2011
Interesting turn of phrase: Deceleration of Independence. Not sure if I agree, but it is interesting.
05:17 AM on 07/26/2011
***Same-Sex Marriage Is Not a Matter for Ballots***


Thankyou.

This is a fundamental point that opponents of marriage equality never understand
02:17 AM on 07/26/2011
Civil rights is too slippery a notion to be used in practical discourse. The only version of it that has a chance is "You have the right to do anything that does not injury anyone else". Then you have troubles with what "injury" means. If I am one of a million people contributing to pollution that makes some one ill does my one-millionth constitute injury?

Practically the best we can do is equal-rights. And we had better be damned sure that no one is more equal than anyone else. So why does government even meddle in marriage? There is no rational reason that our laws and regulations even mention marriage. What is the value of marriage to society?

It would be nice if all our laws were rational. Fat chance. We seem to be making progress on the marriage front. But there so man other fronts.

Of course, polygamy (and polyandry) must be legalized - if we want to keep on regulating marriage - and we must resist any attempt by Muslims to limit the number of wives a man can have to four. And group marriage. There are probably still more questions that I have missed.
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r henry
I live between concrete walls
05:58 PM on 07/26/2011
I think marriage as a contract is unavoidable and any legal contract is governed in some form or fashion.
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02:12 AM on 07/26/2011
I just don't care about same sex marriage, by that I mean i don't see it as an issue that concerns or threatens me. If the churches wish to refuse to marry same sex partners I think they should be able to do that but civil unions should be allowed.
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Andre Fabre
Seth speaks, and I listen...
09:17 AM on 07/26/2011
The problem with your statement is that civil unions do not provide the participants with all the benefits and right given to married couples, and there lies the rub. If by getting into a civil union, which is available in my state, we could get the same benefits as a married couple, that would be sufficient. For example, I would be able to add my spouse in my health insurance plan. But since I'm not "married" per se, this is not an option. Civil unions are just "pretend marriages", not the real thing. It is just a homophobe appeaser, and a poor one at that.
04:14 PM on 07/26/2011
No church has to marry any couple for any reason. And no marriage in this country requires church sanction. However, every marriage in this country requires government sanction (specifically by the state which issues and records the licenses and certificates of marriage). I don't think civil union is the term you're seeking so much as civil marriage, as in one recognized by the state but not involving a church, which would be more likely the sacrament of holy matrimony (or something like that depending on the church's terminology).
01:19 AM on 07/26/2011
Mr Daly, technically you are correct, and we should not leave it to popular referendums to extend equal rights to all.

But in the real world, gay Americans who have a chance at winning those equal rights through a popular referendum should pursue that with the greatest vigor, and their efforts should be supported (and funded).

In some states, gay Americans know that neither their state court nor their state legislature is going to grant them equal rights any time soon. If a voter referendum offers a possibility of securing that, who really has the balls to say we shouldn't pursue that?

Personally, I find much about California abhorrent, and most particularly its peculiar notion that fundamental rights guaranteed in its state constitution or by its state courts can be put up to a vote, as with Prop 8. That very idea ought to make Californians so ashamed they cannot lift their heads.

But if equal rights can be secured next week in some state through some voter referendum, folks should be encouraged to pursue that nonetheless.
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Eliot Daley
08:43 AM on 07/26/2011
SimonBao, "technically" I agree with you and have supported the ballot initiatives of gay Americans and their champions with money and OpEds and such, and (at the risk of being even more of a hypocrite than I occasionally am) will continue to do so. In the world of realpolitik, this is necessary. And in fact such laws form the basis of whatever court judgments may eventually lift this issue out of the realm of a popularity contest. My larger point is that the courts have not yet shown the insight or gumption to do their duty, and the pressure on them needs to be increased dramatically.
04:20 PM on 07/26/2011
We're one of California's estimated 18,000 legally married same sex couples who were married during the pre-Prop 8 window. I came here decades ago to go to graduate school and stayed. We vote on everything in this state. The ballots go on for pages because of all kinds of propositions and it is a real challenge to attempt to educate oneself on all the ballot initiatives so that one can vote somewhat intelligently. To complicate matters, there is no vetting process so virtually anything--constitutional or not--finds its way onto the ballot, only to be challenged in court, and on and on. Prop 8 was very complicated. There's a terrific website that focuses on it called the Prop 8 Trial Tracker and it has everything about Prop 8, the trials, and a lot of information about marriage equality elsewhere. If you haven't seen it, you might wish to take a look.
10:52 PM on 07/25/2011
“The framers of the Constitution knew, and we should not forget today, that there is no more effective practical guaranty against arbitrary and unreasonable government than to require that the principles of law which officials would impose upon a minority be imposed generally. Conversely, nothing opens the door to arbitrary action so effectively as to allow those officials to pick and choose only a few to whom they will apply legislation and thus to escape the political retribution that might be visited upon them if larger numbers were affected.†Railway Express Agency, Inc. v. New York, 336 U.S. 106, 112—113 (1949) (Justice Jackson concurring opinion).
09:40 PM on 07/25/2011
What is the pont? Are you being forced to get married to someone you dont want to marry? Are you forcing everyone else to change the rules to match your requirements? Yes, lets change the rules.

The constant question being asked is how does it effect you or anyone allowing gays to marry? Well for starters its no longer bride and groome but now spouses but its not going to effect anyone. And two gay married person can enter into the public restroom but oppsit sex marred persons cant should we change that sex discrimination rule as well so everything can enjoy the same experience? And if three consentng adults decide they want to marry why limit this to two, who has a right to say they can only love one person why not as many as you can find to agree, what is the problem with that? There cannot be a problem with such a consept at this point. And we can no longer seperate any spouses based on sex in public places they must all be equal in all that they do. lets cut the nonsense then in all that we do or dont start the process.
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Ioan Lightoller
Proud Married Gay Pagan Man
01:09 AM on 07/26/2011
These are all red herrings. Grow up and realise it really doesn't affect you. When I was in a straight marriage, I never cared that my wife and I used different restrooms. Sorry if your experience has been different. And so what if it says "spouses" instead of "Bride" and "Groom"? If that brings your whole world crashing down I submit that it was a very flimsy construct to begin with. As for the polygamy argument, marital law is currently set up for two people. Those wanting it changed, have at it, the same as we did. Build the movement, Do the work.
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r henry
I live between concrete walls
06:04 PM on 07/26/2011
Thank you. A women's restroom is the last place any man, gay or straight, wants to be!
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angelcakesinc
Tolerance of intolerance is intolerable
02:37 AM on 07/26/2011
Actually... I'm all for gender neutral bathrooms and for legitimizing polyamory between informed consenting adults. In fact, a lot of people in the LGBT community are. But oh, gender neutral bathrooms would benefit transgendered people, so most conservatives don't like that. And polyamory messes with the whole traditional concept of a committed relationship. To think! Multiple people can love each other in the same relationship without much difficulty that isn't imposed from the outside! So long as everyone is fully informed and consents to the relationship I see no problem. It gets a little trickier when marriage is thrown into polyamory because of how one would divide the rights and responsibilities but... well, that's for the lawmakers to work out, not me.

But as to your points, they have little relevance to gay marriage as they are all points separate and apart from marriage. Straight couples have sex in bathrooms all the time, and it's not actually ILLEGAL to be in the 'wrong' bathroom.
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HermaO
Conservatism is intellectual laziness.
06:24 AM on 07/26/2011
Fanned and Faved. You just spoke my mind
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Ioan Lightoller
Proud Married Gay Pagan Man
07:13 PM on 07/25/2011
You GO, Elliot. No one's civil rights should ever be up for a vote!
05:25 PM on 07/25/2011
Preach it, Eliot!

For my part, I have often wondered if Jesus were an hermaphrodite - fully man AND woman. It would go a long way toward explaining all of the sexual ambiguity.