iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Elizabeth Holtzman

Elizabeth Holtzman

Posted: November 15, 2010 03:26 PM

In his recently published book, former President George W. Bush admits that when asked to approve waterboarding, long considered torture under US and international precedents, his response was, "Damn right." This admission has created a difficult dilemma for President Obama and Attorney General Eric Holder.

Torture is a federal crime punishable by up to twenty years in prison. When President Nixon was forced to release a White House tape recording showing that he had orchestrated the cover up of the Watergate burglary, he immediately exposed himself to criminal prosecution and likely conviction for obstruction of justice. His successor, President Gerald Ford, quickly pardoned Nixon, who had resigned, to avoid that result. The pardon cost Mr. Ford his election.

President Obama has the power to pardon Mr. Bush. As with the Ford pardon, it would generate outrage among many Americans, and, in my opinion, would be wrong.

The other options facing President Obama and Attorney General are to do nothing or to enforce the anti-torture law by commencing a full and fair investigation of the facts by an independent prosecutor to determine whether criminal charges are warranted.

Under the US Constitution, the president is required to "faithfully execute the laws." It is hard to think of a more blatant confession of a crime than the one made by George W. Bush. To leave it unexamined is to reject the constitutional obligation and to create a corrosive sense that the law applies, when it does, only to lesser mortals, but not to higher-ups and certainly not to presidents. A dual standard of justice is intolerable in a democracy. Doing nothing, then, is not a constitutionally acceptable response.

There is another reason to investigate. The Convention Against Torture, ratified under Ronald Reagan, obliges our government to ensure "a prompt and impartial investigation" when there are "reasonable grounds to believe" torture has occurred (Article 12). To ignore former President Bush's admission is to disrespect our solemn treaty obligation.

It is not a sufficient justification for inaction to claim, as Attorney General Holder has in the past, that anyone acting on a basis of the notorious Torture Memos written by the former President's Justice Department (and later withdrawn) is free from prosecution. Those Memos purported to allow torture by contending -- incorrectly -- that a US president had the right to violate US criminal laws. They also concocted an absurd definition of torture. Torture, said the Memos, required a pain equivalent to the pain of death. But no one knows what the pain of death is, and the author of the Memos admitted that he didn't know either. Clearly, the definition was a sham and the Memos were a sham.

To suggest that these sham Memos -- a Justice Department official characterized them as "insane" on their face -- constitute a defense runs into big obstacles. The Convention against Torture permits "no exceptional circumstances whatsoever" to its absolute ban. That should mean there is no exception for torture committed on advice of counsel -- particularly the obviously faux advice of the Torture Memos. Reading an exception into the anti-torture statute, which is intended to carry out the treaty, would seriously derogate from our government's obligations to carry out the treaty.

More important, the Torture Memos were written under the auspices of the Bush White House itself, as part of a scheme to create immunity from criminal prosecution. To the extent that George W. Bush was part of that effort, he cannot claim protection from it--he cannot have relied on the Memos in good faith.

The Attorney General should not be the one to judge whether the Justice Department's discredited Torture Memos provide a complete defense to former President Bush. Because Mr. Holder has the reputation and clout of the Justice Department to uphold, he has a conflict of interest in determining what weight, if any, to give those Memos.

That is why he needs promptly to name a special prosecutor to decide whether the anti-torture act, or any other federal laws, were broken by former President Bush in authorizing the water boarding and torture.

Failing to act will cast a long shadow over the rule of law in America and our commitment to justice and accountability. No country should tolerate criminal impunity in its top officials, least of all the United States. President Obama himself has attacked the idea of impunity when talking about foreign governments.

Naming a special prosecutor to investigate whether there are grounds to charge former President Bush is the constitutionally, and morally, correct action to take. The ACLU and others are calling for this to happen. As long as the process is fair, lawful and professional, it is one that the country will accept whatever the results.

 
 
 
 
 
  • Comments
  • 169
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3  Next ›  Last »  (3 total)
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
guntotinganglion
Moe, Larry, THE CHEESE!
03:36 PM on 11/17/2010
If George W. Bush is not prosecuted for war crimes and crimes against humanity, then this truly is a lawless nation, a rogue nation (Sarah take note...rogue is BAD). I hope that this country can remove this massive stain of perverted dishonor, but it will take extraordinary courage and fortitude to get it done. I don't believe our current President has that level of courage and fortitude. His spine appears to be made of Jell-O, which means, if it is, that nothing will be done to bring Bush to justice while Obama is President.

The amazing thing to consider is this, if Obama did grow a spine, and did stand up against the Republican juggernaut, he would gain approval ratings the likes of which haven't been seen for decades. But, the likelihood is, he's going to continue picking himself up after each kick in the groin that the Republicans are guaranteed to deliver, and pleading for "bi-partisanship" and "compromise". It's as if Charlie Brown became President, and Lucy is on the opposing team pulling the football out EVERY SINGLE TIME....and Obama keeps coming back for more. Sad.

I hope he changes course and realizes Republicans are truly his enemies. They hate him even more than they hated Clinton, and that is not going to stop. Trying to compromise with scorpions guarantees a nasty sting every time...and so it has been throughout his Presidency. Get a clue sir...the hour is late.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
THETINGLYONE
10:02 AM on 11/16/2010
1) no crimes , charges, indictments , convictions or impeachments,,,, except a guy named Scooter
2) "The Convention against torture " is ambiguous at best and was not ratified under Reagan
3) The debate that waterboarding is torture would be a huge part of any trial
and 4) the Torture memos are more than a substantive defense against any frivolous trial

(and you have to know Pres Bush consulted with attorneys and advisers before he wrote those remarks)
11:10 AM on 11/16/2010
The treaty was ratified by the Senate on October 27, 1990.

On October 21, 1994, President Clinton deposited the United States instrument of ratification of the Convention with the Secretary General of the United Nations.

Consistent with its terms, the Convention Against Torture entered into force for the United States on November 20, 1994.

Pursuant to conditions imposed by the treaty, Section 2340 -- the "torture statute" was added by Congress to Title 18 of the United States Code, making torture a crime under U.S. domestic law.
photo
GreatTruthsSeeker
Paying attention is both priceless & free
11:37 AM on 11/16/2010
Fallacies are flaws in logic.

http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/fallacies.html

Your argument is invalid.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susanmg
09:46 AM on 11/16/2010
This could be the defining moment of the Obama Presidency. If he ignores this, he is indeed as weak as the right says he is. If he has an ounce of courage, he will put this into the hands of a special prosecutor, and let the chips fall. Bush is thumbing his nose, as always, at the law. This cannot be tolerated.
09:44 AM on 11/16/2010
um...what about jobs people????? hello............
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
raker
09:41 AM on 11/16/2010
Ford thought he had to pardon Nixon so the nation could heal. I think Bush has to go to prison for the nation to heal.
09:29 AM on 11/16/2010
Meanwhile, justice goes on everywhere else OUTSIDE the USA:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/16/guantanamo-bay-compensation-claim
09:03 AM on 11/16/2010
well..what they did actually saved lives and prevented more attacks. I dont see us getting anywhere trying to get him on this. Lawyers told him it wasnt illegal..he did it. Waterboarding is actually used on Marine Pilots during training. I dont see what the big deal is. War isnt easy..we love our freedoms so lets not step on those who do the dirty work in providing it for us. We need to tackle current issues.
12:56 PM on 11/16/2010
Nonsense. The direct opposite occurred... more attacks and more U.S. soldiers killed.

"Lawyers told him it wasnt illegal..he did it."

No... first they did it, and then they instructed the lawyers to write a paper saying that it was OK... months after the fact. The lawyers were made part of the torture conspiracy by becoming part of the cover-up.

Waterboarding is NOT used on ANY U.S. service members during training. It was discontinued by the Joint Personnel Recovery Agency sometime prior to July, 2002.

The "big deal" is that the United States led the world to adopt a treaty forbidding torture... got it passed and adopted by the United Nations... got it ratified by the Senate (making it equivalent law to the Constitution itself)... added an anti-torture statute to its domestic criminal law, pursuant to the treaty... and has used the treaty to prosecute torturers -- including heads-of-state -- all around the world... AND NOW, the president of the United States admits to having violated that law and that treaty.

Torture is a war crime. That is a Big Deal.

Torture is the denial, the deliberate trashing, of our entire system of law and justice in the United States. That is a Big Deal.

Torture turns the United States into a lying hypocrite before the world... a pariah state, a criminal nation. That is a Big Deal.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
guntotinganglion
Moe, Larry, THE CHEESE!
03:25 PM on 11/17/2010
Excuse me for using a tired old phrase...RIGHT ON!!!

Fanned.
05:39 PM on 11/16/2010
I agree with pjburke. A war crime is a war crime. We get into other countries' business and tell them how they should function and what kind of government to have that is in OUR best interest so does that mean we can do whatever we want, no matter the extent without consequences? Saddam tortured people that attempted to assassinate him and overthrow him and that was a crime against humanity, so Bush Jr should be held accountable for his crimes as well. He and his advisors should also be charged for leading us into Iraq under false pretenses because someone HAD to know the Taliban had NO ties to Iraq. The world already hates us so I think we need to do the responsible thing here and not give Bush Jr special treatment. If Obama did it, you know people would be calling out for his impeachment and arrest ASAP.
photo
Aldyth
Advocating for those who cannot defend themselves.
08:54 AM on 11/16/2010
You are absolutely right. What is especially galling is that he smirks whenever he talks about torture. He knows he's getting away with something that is wrong.

And the Obama administration is too gutless to do anything about it.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Rogan
09:19 AM on 11/16/2010
I think it's less gutless, and more complicit, but, yes.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
bucknecked
09:55 AM on 11/16/2010
The Law stops at the front door of the White House. And your choice of words " gutless" is right on. We as Americans are brought up to respect and ab hold law. This is what makes for a civilized Nation.However it appears the ole Double Standard has crept in and positions of high political authority are immune.
photo
OliverTwist
Contrarian advocate for truth and justice
07:02 AM on 11/16/2010
If Obama continues to claim that "now is a time for reflection rather than retribution" then he needs to be prosecuted himself for obstruction of justice and impeached for malfeasance in office.

The same is true for Holder.

Those who can ought to take actions which push on the obstruction and keep it going so that statutes of limitations are not allowed to run out.
09:32 AM on 11/16/2010
I wholeheartedly agree. It would not matter to me if it was FDR himself -- or even Jefferson, for that matter -- who was ignoring the commission of war crimes... specifically because it was not done, as Liar Bush would have us believe, in a good-faith effort to protect the country.

The first torture done -- on Ibn Sheik al-Libi, in Egypt (later murdered, under extremely suspicious circumstances, in a Libyan prison) -- was done to procure false testimony to a non-existent connection between al-Qaeda and Iraq and a WMD program in Iraq. They needed something to bolster their case for a decision already made by Bush (made before he even took office, actually)... the intelligence was "being fixed around the policy," as the British Downing Street Memo said.

It was all a sham and a show... to justify an illegal war which made that cabal untold billions in cold, hard cash.
photo
Allan Kallman
Commie, Pinko, Liberal, Socialist
06:45 AM on 11/16/2010
War criminals need to be punished. No exception can be made for anyone, including the President. Litigating the past, present or future is exactly what Obama needs to do. Even if it turns out that very little actually gets done, but it has to be addressed.
photo
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
MyResponsibility
Action over hope
05:21 AM on 11/16/2010
Although Reagan signed the convention, it never has been ratified by Congress (wonder why the author of the article said it was ratified by Reagan?). The US is not bound by it, and cannot be in violation of a treaty to which they have not adopted. Quote from the final pages of the Convention: note, in the US a treaty doesn't become valid until it is ratified. "States which have Signed but not yet Ratified the Convention Against Torture Belgium Bolivia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Gabon Gambia Iceland Indonesia Morocco Nicaragua Nigeria Sierra Leone Sudan United States of America"
08:39 AM on 11/16/2010
So sorry, but "No." Thanks for playing.

The Senate ratified the treaty on October 27, 1990.

http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ntquery/z?trtys:100TD00020:

The United States IS bound by it.

Why bother to invent things that anyone can debunk with a few seconds' research?
photo
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
MyResponsibility
Action over hope
10:22 AM on 11/16/2010
Well, the link that was within this HP article directing readers to the Convention in question states very clearly that the US has signed it, but not ratified it.  I didn't invent it, the evidence provided by the HP author provided the information.  Follow the link to see for yourself.  I'll accept the fact that it has been ratified, notwithstanding the bad link provided by HP.

Now, onto the ratification.  Based on your pointing out that I was wrong, I did a bit of research. The US is bound by it subject to the specified reservations.  Have you actually read it the advise and consent of the Senate?  

II. The Senate's advice and consent is subject to the following understandings, which shall apply to the obligations of the United States under this Convention:
(1) (a) That with reference to Article 1, the United States understands that, in order to constitute torture, an act must be specifically intended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering and that mental pain or suffering refers to prolonged mental harm caused by or resulting from: (1) the intentional infliction or threatened infliction of severe physical pain or suffering; (2) the administration or application, or threatened administration or application, of mind altering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or the personality; (3) the threat of imminent death; or (4) the threat that another person will imminently be subjected to death, severe physical pain or suffering, or the administration or application of mind altering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or personality.

Also:
(e) That with reference to Article 1 of the Convention, the United States understands that noncompliance with applicable legal procedural standards does no per se constitute torture.
Tell me, has any State, or the UN itself, made a claim that the US violated this Convention with its use of waterboarding? Provide your citations.

Waterboarding causes no actual physical or mental harm. It causes a physiological reflex called the  "mammalian diving reflex" (the same reflex triggered in an infant whose face is dunked under water in infant swim lessons). Pouring cold water on one's face induces MDR, a reflex that actually PROMOTES survivability rather than promoting death. What one calls "torture" is what another calls a life-extending mammalian natural reflex http://div­ingindepth­.com/mamma­lian-divin­g-reflex/.
That evolution thing is a real bitch.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Rogan
09:20 AM on 11/16/2010
So, you figure your answer, it's good enough?
photo
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
MyResponsibility
Action over hope
10:23 AM on 11/16/2010
It is good enough with my modification as replied to @pjburke.
04:03 AM on 11/16/2010
America will never be a place we can be proud of again unless we follow things to their natural conclusions and do what is both morally correct by bringing the Bush Administration and all their friends to justice.
photo
joebaggadonuts
Civilization: Evolutionary pathway of choice.
03:18 AM on 11/16/2010
Of course it should. Who's going to make it happen?
photo
GreatTruthsSeeker
Paying attention is both priceless & free
02:49 AM on 11/16/2010
Somerset Maugham, 1874-1965, said, "Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable."

The truths reflected in this article await their consequences. The cabal that condoned and hid torture will have an ineluctable meeting with justice. It’s just a matter of time.

Don't like torture? You can take personal action against it.

Please read the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) at the Hague:

http://www.icc-cpi.int/NR/rdonlyres/EA9AEFF7-5752-4F84-BE94-0A655EB30E16/0/Rome_Statute_English.pdf

Article 7 defines crimes against humanity. Article 8 defines war crimes. Article 15 describes the process of prosecution.

You can contact the Prosecutor with evidence:
http://www.icc-cpi.int/Menus/ICC/Contact

Stories like this are great examples of evidence for the ICC.

And then, there is the War Crimes Act of 1996, signed by President Bill Clinton:

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/718/usc_sec_18_00002441----000-.html

Where is the outrage? Please take your keystrokes to places in addition to HP and make a difference. Feel free to share this post with your friends.

Peace from Austin
photo
SolarArray
Republican = Trash America, Any Cost
02:29 AM on 11/16/2010
Don't forget to include Cheney, Rumsfeld, Rice and the others. The world is watching closely to this.
06:12 AM on 11/16/2010
Also the house and senate leadership, who were informed of the torture. This would include Democrats as well as Republicans.
09:44 AM on 11/16/2010
If it can be shown, in a trial setting, that Democratic Party leaders in Congress were so informed then they would have to included in prosecutions.

But there are many reasons to believe that they knew very little, if anything.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susanmg
09:49 AM on 11/16/2010
And Pelosi, evidently. The whole lot needs to have their world uprooted. We cannot allow this behavior from our elected officials...it will lead to the destruction of this country from within. If we lose our moral compass, we lose everything.