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Ellen Brown

Ellen Brown

Posted: February 15, 2011 04:24 PM

Responding to an unfilled need for credit for local government, local businesses and consumers, three states in the last month -- Oregon, Washington and Maryland -- have introduced bills for state-owned banks, joining Illinois, Virginia, Massachusetts and Hawaii.

While Wall Street is reporting record profits, local banks are floundering, credit for small businesses and consumers remains tight, and local governments are teetering on bankruptcy. There is even talk of allowing state governments to file for bankruptcy, something current legislation forbids. The federal government and Federal Reserve have managed to find trillions of dollars to prop up the Wall Street banks that precipitated the credit crisis, but they have not extended this largesse to the taxpayers and local governments that have been forced to pick up the tab.

In January, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke announced that the Fed had ruled out a central bank bailout for state and local governments. The collective state budget deficit for 2011 is projected at $140 billion, a mere 1% of the $12.3 trillion the Fed managed to come up with in liquidity, short-term loans and other financial arrangements to bail out Wall Street.

But Chairman Bernanke said the Fed is limited by statute to buying municipal government debt with maturities of six months or less that is directly backed by tax or other assured revenue, a form of debt that makes up less than 2% of the overall municipal market. State and municipal governments, it seems, are on their own.

Faced with federal inaction and growing local budget crises, an increasing number of states are exploring the possibility of setting up their own state-owned banks, following the model of North Dakota, the only state that seems to have escaped the credit crisis unscathed. The 92-year-old Bank of North Dakota (BND), currently the only state-owned U.S. bank, has helped North Dakota avoid the looming budgetary disasters of other states. In 2009, North Dakota sported the largest budget surplus it had ever had. The BND helps fund not only local government but local banks and businesses, by providing matching funds for loans to commercial banks to support small business lending.

In the last month, three states have introduced bills for state-owned banks, following the North Dakota model. On January 11, a bill to establish a state-owned bank was introduced in the Oregon State legislature; on January 13, a similar bill was introduced in Washington State (discussed in an earlier article here); and on February 4, a bill was introduced in the Maryland legislature for a feasibility study looking into the possibilities. They join Illinois, Virginia, Hawaii, and Massachusetts, which introduced similar bills in 2010.

Broad-Based Support

The bills are widely supported by small business owners. The Seattle Times reported on February 3 that 79% of 107 business owners surveyed by the Main Street Alliance of Washington supported the Washington bill. More than half said they had experienced a tightening of business credit, and three-fourths of those said they could create additional jobs if their credit needs were met.

A survey by the Main Street Alliance of Oregon produced similar results. Their survey, which covered 115 businesses in 28 communities, found that two-thirds of small-business owners had delayed or canceled expansions because of credit problems; 41 percent had been turned down for credit; and 42 percent had seen their credit terms deteriorate. Three-quarters of the business owners surveyed supported the Oregon bill.

Also supporting the idea of a state-owned bank is Oregon state treasurer Ted Wheeler, with this twist: he thinks Oregon can unlock additional lending capacity in partnership with existing institutions by creating a "virtual" bank. The state would not need to build new brick and mortar banks requiring hundreds of new employees to service them. The new tools afforded the state by being a "bank" could be arranged quickly and cheaply through a framework he calls a "virtual economic development bank." In an Op-Ed on Oregonlive.com on February 9, he wrote:

This new model would consolidate Oregon's various economic development loan programs in one place, and allow state government to step in as a new lending participant, which will help qualified Oregonians to secure additional financing. We also have strategic investment tools such as the Oregon Growth Account that could be better utilized as part of this framework.
Banks "create" money by leveraging their capital into loans. At an 8% capital requirement, they can leverage capital by a factor of twelve, so long as they can attract sufficient deposits (collected or borrowed) to clear the outgoing checks. States give this leveraging power away when they put their deposits in Wall Street banks and invest their capital there.


State and municipal governments have assets tucked all over the state in separate rainy day funds, which are largely invested in Wall Street banks for a very modest return. At the same time, states are borrowing from Wall Street at much higher interest rates and have to worry about such things as credit ratings, late fees and interest rate swaps, which have proven to be very good investments for Wall Street and very bad investments for local governments.

By consolidating their assets into their own state-owned banks, state and local governments can leverage their own funds to finance their own operations; and they can do this essentially interest-free, since they will own the bank and will get the interest back. The BND contributed over $300 million to state coffers in the past decade, a notable achievement for a state with a population that is less than one-tenth the size of Los Angeles County.

The growing movement to establish local economic sovereignty through state-owned banks has been a grassroots effort that has grown spontaneously in response to unmet needs for local credit. In Oregon, the push has come from an active volunteer group called Oregonians for a State Bank working with the Working Families Party. In Washington, a major role has been playing by the Main Street Alliance, a project of what is now called the Alliance for a Just Society (formerly NWFCO), a coalition of several northwest states' Citizen Action Networks and other groups. The chief legislative champion in Washington State is Rep. Bob Hasegawa. In Maryland, the campaign was initiated by the Wisconsin-based Center for State Innovation (CSI), the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), and the Progressive States Network. Progressive Maryland is a prominent NGO supporter. Detailed analyses of the Washington and Oregon initiatives and their projected benefits have been done by CSI. For grassroots efforts in other states and for petitions that can be signed, see PublicBankingInstitute.org.

 
 
 

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Mover
Father, Husband, Ret 1SG
02:37 PM on 02/23/2011
Great. Not only will politicians buy votes on credit at the federal level, we will be treated to deficit spending at the state level as well.

The US dollar has lost about 20% of its value over the last decade making everything cost more, This is in the face of the federal government's fake cost of living indicators claiming everything is cheaper (deflation). They haven't bought gas ($2.60 to $3.15 in one year), or coffee ($6 to $8.78). Everything costs more except houses. Sorry, but most Americans aren't buying another house every week.

And now we will see the dollar being devalued even more with the states piling on to the already unpayable massive US debt.

Anyone who believes that states' politicians won't see how they can extend their spending ability by pushing off payments is living in a dream world.

How long before Chinese will be taught as the first language in public schools?

How many Yen is that Big Mac?
08:44 AM on 02/19/2011
In MN they are arguing about the colleges reserve funds, some legislators want the colleges to dip into them given this is biggest crisis, why not. Colleges don't want their long-term budgets to be planned around drawing down reserve funds, leaving no cushion for, say, an infrastructure crisis.

Placing these university reserve funds on a state-run bank would be a great way to make this money useful to the state while still providing the schools there rainy-day savings for intermittent crises. If these reserves were deposits for state banks rather than for Wall Street, these reserves can then be leveraged up to provide less costly financing to state and state businesses.

Using the reserve funds all these local entities and schools are required to have as basis to form a state bank is a GREAT idea. It's money govt entities have to save anyways, but the benefit of leveraging these deposits goes to the state and its citizens and business community, not some outside-the-state Wall Street businesses.

I also like the idea that the FED's use our money only to help big crony businesses, is main reason people are looking a public banking option. They should have just helped all Americans equally with the money creation powers we gave them, but because they didn't, we are waking up to powers of public banking and taking our money back.
12:20 AM on 02/18/2011
Exactly so.
Setting up State Banks to emulate the success of the Bank of North Dakota is a politically feasible way of starting to get the power of money creation back in public hands, where it belongs.
"Seignorage" is the word for the profits from creating money, which was traditionally the priviliege of the King - acting for the country.
That privilege has been stolen by the banking system - with the disastrous results that we see all around us: endless very profitable wars, deeply corrupted financial markets, and financial frauds so gigantic that they plunge the entire world economy into recession!
The Public Banking Movement which Ellen Brown and her fans have created is a lifeline for Americans to get their country back from the banksters.
Please support it!
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
michael098762001
01:11 PM on 02/17/2011
http://www.webofdebt.com/media/
Why did she appear on the radio show of this far right anti-semite? Not just once but twice. Daryl Bradford Smith, "I Am the Witness," August 11th, 2010 - iamthewitness.com
http://www.iamthewitness.com/
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Ellen Brown
author Web of Debt; chrm Public Banking Institute
07:24 PM on 02/17/2011
Because he invited me. I've done close to 400 interviews on this subject. I think sharing information is important. He invited me on with a money reformer from England whom I respect. To the extent that I can remember it, I thought it was a quite good discussion. Nothing anti-semitic came up at all.
08:56 AM on 02/19/2011
when CNN, Fox and MSNBC regularly have Ms.Brown or any other public banking advocate on as guests, I fault them for not being picky enough about their media choices...until then...

Also, some people that hold really wrong, reprehensible opinions also organize and agree on other very good principles. Some abolitionists were very sexist and did not want women to have right to vote, but they were right on the slavery issue. So any active abolitionist of the time was to never use another abolitionist media outlet, like say an op-ed in their paper, if they were anti-woman?

Ms. Brown is a good force in this movement in that she provides many rational, non-anti-Semitic critiques of private cartel central banks. Without such an articulate voice and well-presented analysis and practical solutions, peoples' populist anger against the likes of Wall Street can easily devolve into wrong and non-productive racist attacks. Ms. Brown is providing sensible alternatives to that sort of thing and it is a good thing for her to be heard as much as possible.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
zrants
Through the Cracks Journalism
12:29 AM on 02/17/2011
It is good to see some states are looking at alternatives to taxing, spending and running up debt. By controlling their own the money, the state of North Dakota has fared much better than the rest of the country during the economic downturn. That should be a good indication of how a state bank can work. When a state the size of California with major property holdings and cash flow can't pay the bills it is time to try something new. A state bank could be the answer.
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Mover
Father, Husband, Ret 1SG
02:43 PM on 02/23/2011
States cannot run up debt. The federal government reserved that power to themselves.
12:16 AM on 02/17/2011
The Wall Street banks caused the economic mess we’re in and now their lobbyists sit in state legislatures where hearings for state banks are being held and say, “No, you states can’t do your own banking and compete with us. You can’t benefit from the advantages of your own credit creation like we do. You can’t avoid our interest charges and fees. You can’t use your bank profits to help your budgets. You can’t help local banks make loans to small business to increase employment. You can’t help students or farmers or anyone else.â€
Well, the people in one state, North Dakota, have proven that a state can do all of those things, and that they are sovereign in their state, not the bankers. North Dakota has the lowest unemployment, the biggest state budget surplus, the fewest foreclosures, and the most local banks percapita, all because it has its own bank, the Bank of North Dakota.
Hopefully the people of Illinois, Virginia, Massachusetts, Maryland, Hawaii, Washington, and Oregon, where state bank bills are pending, will let the banks know who is sovereign in their states too.
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Mover
Father, Husband, Ret 1SG
02:46 PM on 02/23/2011
I'm afraid that Wall Street banks are only partially responsible for our economic mess. The most responsibility lies with the law makers who took that special interest money and allowed the securities market to go off the edge.

Lay the blame where it belongs and change the way they do business.
10:35 PM on 02/16/2011
This is wonderful news. While Egyptians are fighting for their freedoms, I see State Banks as a way for Americans to free themselves from the powerful grip that Wall Street/Federal Reserve holds over us. They are the dictators that control Main St. A State bank would allow us to empower Main St. and create our own destiny of strong communities.
08:49 PM on 02/16/2011
It is generally assumed that our money and banking systems were "designed" by knowlegeable legislators seeking to serve the public interest. This is far from the truth. Our current system was designed by big bankers to serve the interests of big bankers. This system is enormously successful in achieving its intended purpose. The people and the nation produce all the wealth, and the bankers "financialize" that wealth in order to gain ownership of it. Wall St is the most successful plutocracy the world has ever seen. The Medicis of Venice were pikers compared to the rents Wall St has proven able to extract.
The current movement toward public banking offers a historic opportunity to design a financial system that serves the economy, as opposed to the status quo system where the economy serves the rentier bankers.
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Ellen Brown
author Web of Debt; chrm Public Banking Institute
09:49 PM on 02/16/2011
Thanks Derryl, well said!
06:40 PM on 02/16/2011
Good article, Ellen.

States could and should provide the credit necessary for the circulation of goods and services and the creation of new enterprises and productive assets, and they can easily do so in partnership with private banks who would manage the process on a cost recovery basis plus a performance-related bonus based on default experience.

As for long term funding of productive assets like affordable housing, energy assets and so on, that should come directly - "Peer to Peer" - from state and other pension funds, again managed by professionals covering costs and with performance related bonus.

The outcome of a such a partnership model is 'Not for Loss' banking provided as a service, and the beauty of it for capital-starved banks is that they only need sufficient capital to cover operating costs.