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Fred Silberberg

Fred Silberberg

Posted: April 19, 2010 06:03 PM

You don't have to be a Constitutional scholar to know that one of the basic tenets of our governmental structure is separation of church and state. The framers of the Constitution were well aware of, and fearful of, the curtailment of individual rights if the religious institutions were allowed to control any aspect of government. It was that environment which they wished to escape when they and their ancestors came to the East Coast and founded our nation.

The American legal principal of separation of church and state is, of course, embodied in the First Amendment to the Constitution: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." The concern of religious involvement in government has, it seems until recent times, been a long-standing concern of American citizens. In 1801, the Danbury Baptist Association sent a letter to President Thomas Jefferson expressing their concern over the lack of governmental protection of religious liberty and against governmental establishment of religion in the Connecticut Constitution. In response, Jefferson wrote: "Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man and his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, and not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should 'make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,' thus building a wall of separation between Church and State." This reference to the "Wall of Separation" is repeated frequently throughout American History. The essential concept has been reaffirmed numerous times by the United States Supreme Court.

One must question, then, how it is that this "Wall of Separation" has been allowed to so significantly crumble in present-day American society. While it may be true that religious institutions are not permitted any government-sanctioned ability to legislate anything affecting our rights as Americans, and while it may also be true that our government does not sanction the practice of any particular religion, there is a certainly a tacit policy in effect of allowing religious beliefs to dictate the rights of, and affect the civil liberties of, Americans on a daily basis. One would suspect that if our Founding Fathers were aware of this growing influence in American society they would likely be turning over in their graves.

The never-ending battle over abortion rights is but one such example. The continued effort to restrict those rights is one which is consistently advocated by right-wing Christian religious extremists, driven by their religious beliefs that abortion, in any form, is murder. We have seen, just in the past month, how the wall of separation further crumbled when those advocating the positions taught to them by their churches held hostage certain aspects of health care reform. Whether you agree with health care reform or not is not the issue. What is the issue is that the shaping of policy which will affect the lives of every single American was influenced directly by conservative Christian motivations.

Abortion, a right confirmed by the United States Supreme Court in its interpretation of the Constitution in Roe v. Wade, is not the only right affected by conservative Christian influences. The continued disparate treatment of gays and lesbians in this country through a myriad of policies restricting civil rights and governmental benefits (such as the right to marry, to serve openly in the military, to share in social security with their partners or spouses) is also a curtailment of rights that is solely based on religious motivations. Those groups who advocate the formalization of these policies are exclusively motivated by their religious beliefs. The recent stir in the press regarding the opposition towards potential Supreme Court nominee Elana Kagan (whose sexual orientation, though not relevant to the issue, is not even confirmed) on the basis that she may be homosexual by such groups as Focus on the Family is a stellar example of this type of religiously driven influence on the government. Undoubtedly, those very same Senators who held health care hostage in exchange for limitations on coverage for abortion will also vote against Kagan or any nominee who may actually be gay.

Similarly, government restrictions on funding for such things as stem-cell research are entirely based on religious beliefs. While one may argue that there is no civil right to stem-cell research, the impact of such research certainly can affect the lives of thousands of Americans who have been suffering from debilitating diseases and paralyzing injuries. It is solely religious beliefs which motivated the restrictions on such research during the Bush administration; those conservative beliefs do not sanction the source of harvesting stem-cells just as they oppose the rights of women to obtain abortions in this country. The result is that our nation lags behind significantly in developing new treatments for such diseases and injuries.

While our Constitution certainly guarantees each American the right to practice his or her religion and to adhere to the beliefs that each individual may have, the intent behind the concept of separation of church and state was to avoid restricting the rights of citizens based upon religious motivations. The hypocrisy of present day American life is that notwithstanding these built-in safeguards to protect against exactly that which is occurring, as a result thereof in many instances we, as Americans, have fewer rights than citizens of present day European countries where the church is not locked out of governmental involvement. One wonders whether Jefferson and his compatriots, were they around today, would cross the Atlantic in the opposite direction.

The fundamental principle of "you cannot restrict my rights because of your own religious beliefs" is no longer fundamental. Yet it remains in our Constitution and the Bill of Rights. As an American citizen, my wish is that we speak up to insure that this wall of separation be rebuilt, and that we not be curtailed or restricted in our ability to grow as a society solely because of the beliefs of any one religious group. The intent behind the Constitution was to protect individual freedoms. If you do not believe in abortion, you can choose to have a child, but don't tell other women that they must see the pregnancy through because of your religious beliefs. You aren't raising the child that will result. If you believe homosexuality is a sin, you can have that belief, but don't tell people who love each other that they can't marry because they are gay; it doesn't affect you. If you don't believe in stem-cell research, then don't contribute to institutions that conduct it. However, people with neurological disorders shouldn't continue to suffer because your religious beliefs oppose research developments that could help them. We talk constantly about the fear of fundamentally religious terrorism from abroad. What we don't realize is that we, as a nation, have allowed our own country to be ruled in part by our own domestic religious fundamentalism.

 
 
 
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09:53 PM on 04/22/2010
The author is on to a favorite subject at HP. Keep the fundies away from me, etc.,.
The influence religion has on our government is a very valid and important topic.
However, how can anyone read the First amendment, which is quoted in the article, and not read the plain english. The GOVERNMENT shall NOT interfere with religion.
It does NOT say, religion shall not interfere with government.
I'm not a 'high profile divorce attorney' but I can read plain english.
If we are going to discuss/debate or fight over the role of religion in government, that is fine.
But we still cannot make the constitution say what it does not say.

The article is a great topic. It just has a phony premise at the start.
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michael j norton
05:40 AM on 05/01/2010
I'm sorry but that's a very naive statement. At what point do you really believe that religious interference in government will not result in governmental interference in religion? Once you open that door, you're, frankly, screwed. Once you're involved with influencing the gov't, the gov't. is gonna want to have it's say over you. It's inevitable and it always happens.
04:40 PM on 04/22/2010
When the wall is rebuildt will there be holes in it to transfer money from the government's Faith Based Initiative Fund to religious charities?
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11:05 PM on 04/22/2010
Lol why? You have a problem with the Hare Krishnas getting government funding? : /

http://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/20/us/bush-s-call-to-church-groups-to-get-untraditional-replies.html
04:19 PM on 04/22/2010
"We talk constantly about the fear of fundamentally religious terrorism from abroad. What we don't realize is that we, as a nation, have allowed our own country to be ruled in part by our own domestic religious fundamentalism."

Who are you talking about here: Catholics? Evangelical Protestants? Mormons? Pentecostals? Whom do we target to rebuild that wall?
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DJTommyK
03:38 PM on 04/22/2010
Fitz, don't be stupid. The 1st Amendment specifically establishes a separation of church and state, whether or not the actual words "separation of church and state" are in there.
06:05 PM on 04/22/2010
Not in my legal reading. It is a single clause in two part both protecting religion - the first part guarantee's that the goverment wont establish a national religion. That is the surrest way to ristrict the freedom of religion is by compelling a single religion as the norm or preffered model. The founders new from the wars of religion that this is what drove people to America, religious freedom. The second part of the clause prevents the imposition of the goverment in religions free excercise.

This single clause protects religion from goverment NOT goverment from religion. That was never the intention of those drafting the first of our first freedoms in our Bill of Rights.

There are multiple examples of how this is obviously so. Amoung them are facts like most of the States in the opriginal 134 colonies had established religions at the time, it was a national religon that was the concern. Or the fact that the bill of right contains all aour freedoms that check goverment power. Speech, assembly, the press & yes religion werte all concedered checks on an abusive goverment.

Not the other way around.
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jwinger 999
07:09 PM on 04/22/2010
While yes, you are correct that seperation of church and state goes both ways, I think you are playing up one side of the coin over the other, just as the author did to the other side. Our founding fathers were smart men and understood that there could not be one without the other.

Your argument is fundamentally flawed in that it attempts to create a loophole in which religion can manipulate government but not the other way around. If we followed your argument to its logical conclusion, John Doe of religion "A" can basically restructure the laws to fit his religious mandates, as long as he can do it through indirect channels (AKA lobbying and propaganda), there by forcing the government to dictate and Jane Smith of religion "B" lives her life, regardless of her religious or moral mandates.

Go back and read both the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. No where in either document does the word "God" or "Lord" appear. Like I said before, the Founding Fathers were not stupid men.
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DevonTexas
Eternal Optimism
01:31 PM on 04/22/2010
"You don't have to be a Constitutional scholar to know that one of the basic tenets of our governmental structure is separation of church and state"
But that is the fundamental problem. We have not yet conclusively answered the question of whether or not a wall should exist! There are many you think it does and many who think it doesn't. Until we resolve this, it will continue to haunt us in the justification of laws that allow religion to show itself in our laws.
Personally I think it revived itself when they allowed "under God" to become part of the Pledge. That set a dangerous precident. It should be removed as well as "in God we Trust" on our money. Then, perhaps, we can start to clean up other religiously motivated laws.
04:21 PM on 04/22/2010
Smart! Fanned!
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11:00 PM on 04/22/2010
Adding the "under God," as well as the establishment of the National Day of Prayer in 1952, were the big cracks. Even in times of high patriotic fervor, it's important to avoid acting rashly. I was never surprised when Bush made things worse, but I am very disappointed in Obama for continuing Bush's faith-based policies.
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11:57 AM on 04/26/2010
seconded
01:18 PM on 04/22/2010
I think Mr. Silberberg may have his cause/effect wrong. The "Wall of Separation" was not just intended to keep religion from running government, but government from running religion. The gospel of Jesus in inherently radical and a threat to power structures. Our politicians have been able to reduce it to a handful of hot button issues that distract the "faithful" from seeing how they are in bed with multinational corporations and selling the citizens of this country out completely.

When fundamentalists are screaming about Roe v Wade (instead of actually trying to solve the socioeconomic problems that cause women to seek abortions) they are asking why we invaded a sovereign nation for no good reason, why do allow huge companies to play roulette with our money, why does the richest nation in the world allow people to starve and freeze to death in our streets.

Religion is not co opting politics as much as politicians are co opting religion.
01:20 PM on 04/22/2010
"they are asking why we invaded a sovereign nation for no good reason"

Sorry, they are NOT asking.
03:15 PM on 05/21/2010
Totally, totally, right, er, correct. As argued by Charlie Pierce in his book Idiot America, Republicans could never sell their ideas (business is American and screw the worker, greed is good, tax breaks for the wealthy, only rich people are good people, etc.). Republican policies are inherently bad for the common person. So go after the middle class with soicetal issues, get their votes, and then screw them over, all the while villafying those who actually have the average American's good in mind. Yes, we should not try to make sure that corporations are acting responsibly toward the environment or their workers, they should just make profits at any cost. But don't focus on that. Instead, we'll get your kids praying in school and not getting abortions or being exposed to the truths of history. We'll protect you from ever having a disarming thought. In return, we will suck you dry in order to placate the wealthy. Total Dooh Nibor;s. (read it backwards)
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bsmithslo
12:35 AM on 04/22/2010
I am curious how the author suggests we fix this supposed problem. prohibiting the free exercise of religion; abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; curb the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances?

The separation clause has nothing to do with disallowing people to participate in the Democratic process because they develop their values based on religion.
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DevonTexas
Eternal Optimism
01:35 PM on 04/22/2010
It's not a question of the religious exercising their rights, it's the rest of us who are infringed upon when they overstep the exercise of their rights n the making of laws that are religious in nature, such as the so-called "right to life" laws that infringe upon a woman's right to choose.
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bsmithslo
05:19 PM on 04/22/2010
The idea that restrictions on abortion are religious in nature is ridiculous. We, as a society, are able to restrict the actions of scientists and doctors to best serve the needs of the community. The question of when life begins must be determined just like any other ethical question; through reason. We don't allow human cloning for instance and should put more consideration into how much scientists should be allowed to alter our food supply. Are these religious questions too? Nope. We will always find it necessary to balance the needs of society and the individual. Your rights end where my rights begin and vice versa.
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Uncle Bob
Darwin loves you.
10:40 PM on 04/21/2010
great article. It is profane how the fundies twist the first amendment, and I'm sad to say, moderate/liberal theists either stay silent or quietly agree (same thing) with them, or just don't think it is important.

It is VERY important. Look at the texas board of education if you have any doubts.
06:04 PM on 04/21/2010
" there is a certainly a tacit policy in effect of allowing religious beliefs to dictate the rights of, and affect the civil liberties of, Americans on a daily basis ... "

This is the sad truth. The Moral Majority perfected the policy. We need ethical leadership in this country. Thank you Fred Silberberg for your leadership!
12:59 PM on 04/21/2010
There is no prayer in shcools. Abortion is legal in every state. Evolution is taught in all public school systems. With the exception of gay marriage I can't really see where"religious fundamentalism" has done all that much to "affect American rights."

Everyone needs a boogyman I guess, evangelicals seems to fit the bill for this guy.
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02:08 PM on 04/21/2010
Let me guess, you're a christian? Have you ever considered that the reason you don't see the effects of fundamentalism is because you agree with it? Some of us aren't christians. We have the same rights as you that are.
Evolution is taught in school, by the way, as is gravity and math. Because they are facts. You're fundamentalist tilt shows by the fact of even mentioning it.
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bsmithslo
02:20 AM on 04/22/2010
The effects you see are the result of Democracy, not Fundamentalists. The courts have determined that certain rights (like abortion and marriage) can be restricted. The restrictions are then determined through the legislative process and people going out and voting. Your issue is not with fundamentalism but rather with a judicial system that allows certain rights that you feel are fundamental to be limited through Democratic means.
bklynsparrow
creating reality from unreal things
03:34 PM on 04/21/2010
religious fundamentalists are making it more and more difficult for women to get those legal abortions by getting state legislatures to pass onerous laws that involve serious invasions of privacy and doctor/patient privilege.

Evolution is taught in schools as a science- which it is. Creationism and intelligent design are being pushed by a number of insidious means, including textbooks - remember Texas and their Board of Ed? And lawsuits claiming freedom of religionis being restricted because it is not being taught.

Then there is the little matter of the evangelists constantly pushing Christianity on soldiers in the military. It wasn't just a problem in the Air Force Academy. It's become endemic.
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bsmithslo
02:21 AM on 04/22/2010
The Supreme court determined there is a right for woman to have an abortion. The court also determined that the state could limit this right.
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12:36 PM on 04/21/2010
"When a religion is good, I conceive it will support itself; and when it does not support itself, and God does not care to support it, so that its professors are obliged to call for the help of the civil power, 'tis a sign, I apprehend, of its being a bad one."

Ben Franklin, _Poor Richard's Almanac_, 1754
08:07 PM on 04/21/2010
I can imagine what he would say about Obama's Faith Based Initiative!
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03:49 PM on 04/22/2010
He would probably wonder why anyone thinks it is a government responsibility to provide the types of services that the organizations are providing.... I am just saying.
11:40 AM on 04/21/2010
Constitutional musings from a self-proclaimed "High Profile Los Angeles Divorce Attorney..." I think I'll save these seven minutes of my life and spend them more wisely, like by playing tetris.
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bsmithslo
12:29 AM on 04/22/2010
Amen.
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Wes Hopper
Preferring facts to opinion or blind faith
11:20 AM on 04/21/2010
Abortion is a more complex issue than the author wants to admit. It's quite possible that there are lots of folks that object on moral, not religious, grounds to late term abortions of viable babies for the mother's convenience. To them it looks like murder. But we have two extreme positions dominating the debate. I think it's just as faulty to claim that a tiny group of undifferentiated cells is a person as it is to claim that a viable fetus with a beating heart is not. But acting from that position would require us to make a difficult value judgment about when a group of cells becomes a person, so no one wants to touch it. But eventually we must. And it's not a religious question. Science, if asked, can help us answer it.
11:26 AM on 04/21/2010
I'm an atheist, and I agree. I am pro choice but I have trouble knowing when I personally think that a viable fetus has a right to live.

Unlike same-sex marriage, where I believe there is only religious based objection, abortion does have some non-religious objections to some people.
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AntigoneRisen
11:33 AM on 04/21/2010
Roe V. Wade gets as close as I think I can come at this point...and I'm an Atheist. The only problem I have with the attempts to restrict late term abortion is that the writers of the legislation have continually refused to put in an exception for the life or health of the pregnant woman.
11:39 AM on 04/21/2010
I'm asking this with all sincerity and I would really appreciate an honest answer.

You mentioned trouble knowing when a viable fetus has a right to live.. At what point did you have the right to live?

I personally believe we are a person in the womb when the very first brain cell is created.
02:23 PM on 04/21/2010
I think your misguided when you say that Pro-Lifers (Religious or Not)

Pro-Life community does not typically claim the arguments for "personhood" of a fetus at any stage.

Rather we argue the established science that it is indeed a Human Being and alive. The argument for "personhood" seems to be a moving goal post for pro-choicers have retreated to specifically because it is #1. more sbjective and slippery #2.Embryology is quite settled on when Human Life Begins
bklynsparrow
creating reality from unreal things
03:06 PM on 04/21/2010
Actually, there is a fair bit of semantics going on. Such as interpreting when Human life begins. I hear anti-abortionists claiming it begins at conception. But there is not cataclysmic, thunderous blast that initiates life when sperm meets egg. Sperm cell and egg cells are already alive- what you have is a new combination of DNA. It is a long way to go before a blastula becomes a human being- and a scientist will tell you that.
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AntigoneRisen
03:49 PM on 04/21/2010
Genetically human and alive are not issues for me. I accept this. What I don't accept is that I, as a woman, forfeit my rights at that point. I, also, am genetically human, alive, and born.
05:10 PM on 04/20/2010
This article is absurd. No serious person contends that this country was a theocracy circa 1972 just because Abortion was illegal across the land.

The author is attempting to conflate what religious believers in general wish the goverment protected with the imposition of religious belief.

This is like saying laws against theft are unconsitutional because "Thou Shalt Not Steal" is in the ten commandments.

Goverment restrictions and religious restrictions overlap all the time. Just because something is ALSO a religious belief dose not mean its not also good public policy.

Ironically enough this goes for the "Seperation of Church and State" itself: The very concept of Seperation of Church and State is uniqueley western and Christian in historical development. It is premessed on nothing less than the words of Jesus when he says "Render on to Ceaser what is Ceasers, Reander onto God what Is Gods".

The idea that somethings are beyond the purview of the State (that we have fundemental rights based outside goverment authority to limit or infringe) is a basic tenant of western democracies and intellectual thought.

The ONLY real argument is what those rights are, what are the outer limits of those rights, and are those rights ligetamently rooted in the consent of the governed.

Once you wipe away the hyperbole - you will realize this is a boundry dispute NOT a philisophical divide. The opinions and democratic expression of religious believers are as valid as any other public policy dispute in our democracy.
05:58 PM on 04/20/2010
They are valid only so far as they pertain to members of that same religion. Most are not valid for society as a whole. When it comes to matters of how each individual lives their lives, you cannot set rules of individual life by one religions set of rules. If you are Christian, do you want to live your life by Muslim rules, or Jewish rules? I'd wager not.

Societal laws are mostly based on "The Golden Rule", which has been around long before Judeo-Christian or Mosaic laws. You only need to read about the earliest forms of laws, such as Sumerian Proverbs or the Code of Hammurabi which were entirely secular and are older than Mosaic laws by many centuries to understand that. "Thou shalt not kill, steal, etc., etc." have been around long before God told Moses they were no-no's.

It's when you start deciding societal laws, such as banning same sex marriage for no other reason than it violates a particular religious sects ideals that it is no longer hyperbole. It then becomes a violation of one of our countries core beliefs, that "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
07:25 PM on 04/20/2010
Cataryana (writes)

"Most are not valid for society as a whole"

- this is simply a blanket assertion, what laws are you talking about. Once again just because X or Y law is associated with religious belief does not mean its not a valid secular law. You make the point yourself when you talk about Sumerian Proverbs or the Code of Hammurabi (FYI - neither can be said to be "entirely secular")


Catrayna (writes)
" It's when you start deciding societal laws, such as banning same sex marriage for no other reason than it violates a particular religious sects ideals that it is no longer hyperbole"

Once again you make a blanket assertion that its "for no other reason than it violates a particular religious sects ideals". This is not what advocates of traditional marriage maintain nor the multiple courts that uphold trwaditional marriage laws maintain.

Only narrow secularists ever seem to maintain that X or Y law is simply a religious ideal and has no validity in the secular realm. It it secular and non-religious arguments that were advanced and argued that made abortion illegal in the first place, likewise the definition of marriage, or laws against theft, or usuary, or prositution, or gambling, or pornography, and on & on.
04:51 PM on 04/20/2010
"One must question, then, how it is that this "Wall of Separation" has been allowed to so significantly crumble in present-day American society. "

Look to the Texas School Board. There lies your answer.

The ignorance of the parent is spread to the children. Now the Texas School Board wishes to spread that ignorance to everyone's children. If they are allowed to do so, that wall won't just be crumbling, it will be rebuilt using pages from the Christian Bible.