iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Gadadhara Pandit Dasa

GET UPDATES FROM Gadadhara Pandit Dasa
 

The 33 Million Gods of Hinduism

Posted: 08/06/2012 9:54 am

Why Hindus worship so many gods and goddesses is a real mystery for most people. In the West, where the mass majority of people are part of the Abrahamic faith tradition with one God, the concept of polytheism is nothing more than fantasy or mythology worthy of comic book material. The interesting thing is that one culture can see this as fiction while most Hindus, without a second thought, can walk into a temple with multiple deities, bow down and offer prayer and worship with devotion treating that deity as much like a person as you and me.

The Bhakti tradition offers an explanation for this complicated theology of millions of gods. I find this explanation quite satisfying. For a country, state, or city to run properly, the government creates various departments and employs individuals within those departments -- teachers, postal workers, police and military personnel, construction works, doctors, politicians, and so many more. Each of these departments employs hundreds or thousands of individuals carrying out their respective duties and each sector has an individual or multiple individuals that oversees the activities of that one unit. Each head of an area is endowed with certain privileges and powers which facilitates them in their tasks. It's safe to say that the number of individuals working for the United States government goes into the millions. This is just to keep one country working. Multiply that by all the countries on the planet, which is around 200, and all the people working for these governments, the total would easily come out to tens of millions of people employed by the various governments of the world to run one planet.

The way it's explained is that in order to keep the universe running, Krishna, the supreme being, has put into place individuals that oversee different parts of the material universe. These individuals are powerful beings that have been appointed by Krishna and have been bestowed with the necessary powers and abilities to manage and govern their area of creation. They can be referred to as demigods. For example, there is someone responsible for the sun and his name is Surya. The goddess Saraswati is the overseer of knowledge. The creator of the material universe is known as Brahma. The destruction of the universe is overseen by Shiva and Vishnu serves as the maintainer. There are individuals overseeing the oceans, the wind, and practically every facet of creations. When seen from this perspective, 33 million is not that big a number.

We take it completely for granted that the sun is always perfectly fixed in its position. If it were to move even slightly closer to the earth we would burn to a crisp and if it were to distance itself from us, we would become popsicles. We also take it for granted that all day and all night, there is oxygen in the atmosphere for us to breathe. It's not by chance that all this is existing. It has been placed here and someone has been put in charge of each aspect of it. For example, we plug our electronic gadgetry into power outlets. That's not magic and it's not by chance. It was constructed into the building to facilitate our needs. If for some reason, there's a massive power outage, then the person in charge would have to take responsibility for its maintenance.

The material universe functions like a big governmental structure with heads of departments managing their respective affairs. These heads or "demigods" have also been endowed with abilities to grace humanity with certain boons and that's why so many people pray to the different gods to have their material wishes fulfilled. Granting boons to whatever degree deemed appropriate is up to the individual god.

According to the scriptures, the gods live in different realms with life spans that are much longer than ours. For example, when six months pass here on earth, only one day has gone by in the upper realms. Another six months equals one night. When a full day goes by for them, a full year has passed here on earth. According to human calculation, their lives span to a few billion years. This may sound quite fantastic to one who is hearing it for the first time, however, it's not much different than what Einstein said about the relativity of time. Einstein's hypothetical experiment known as the "twin paradox" suggests that if one of a pair of twins travels to outer space at the speed of light, while the other remains on earth, when the space traveling twin returns, he will be younger than his counterpart on earth.

There is also a story from the Puranas which parallels Einstein's hypothetical experiment. A yogi, by the power of his trained mind, exited the earthly realm for the higher planetary realms, was informed by the inhabitants of these higher realms that millions of years had instantly passed on Earth in the mere moments since he had entered the higher realms. They also told him that all of his relatives and everyone he had ever known was deceased. The understanding that time is relative is nothing new for the Hindu tradition. It was quite common knowledge for most Hindus.

Even though the gods live for billions of human years, for them one of their years feels like a year would feel for us here on earth. After their allotted span of time, most of them will also die and then different living beings are placed into those positions to continue overseeing their duties. This is similar to most governmental posts. Each person in that post can serve in that capacity for a certain duration and then is replaced. It's not an eternal post. I'm trying to keep it somewhat simple, as it's a bit more complicated than that. There are realms that go beyond the heavenly sphere. The highest realm within the material cosmos is Satyaloka, where Brahma resides. His entire life span, if calculated in terms of human years, is 311 trillion years. Within the material sphere, he overseas everything, including all godly beings. They all work under his jurisdiction. After his allotted time of 311 trillion years which feel to him like a 100 years would to us, he also has to die. The conclusion is that nothing in the material world is permanent. From his perspective of time, our existence is similar to that of bacteria or some kind of microorganism. There are some organisms that only live for a few minutes or a few hours, but for that organism, it lived a full and complete life. From our human perspective, it was just a blink of an eye.

 

Follow Gadadhara Pandit Dasa on Twitter: www.twitter.com/nycpandit

FOLLOW RELIGION
Why Hindus worship so many gods and goddesses is a real mystery for most people. In the West, where the mass majority of people are part of the Abrahamic faith tradition with one God, the concept of p...
Why Hindus worship so many gods and goddesses is a real mystery for most people. In the West, where the mass majority of people are part of the Abrahamic faith tradition with one God, the concept of p...
 
 
  • Comments
  • 108
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
04:01 PM on 09/09/2012
Hindu mythology and the faith's mythic cosmology are spellbinding.

Thank you, GPD.
05:32 PM on 08/17/2012
I have no idea what the author is trying to say, but one thing I know is that he has not idea of what Hinduism is all about. Hinduism is monotheistic and the name of the God is Brahman. Everything else is just mythology. There was a time when people believed Sun and rain are gods, times when they depended on the natural elements to maintain their cycle so that they could have a good harvest. I though we have come past all that. Apparaently the author has not.
06:10 PM on 09/09/2012
Dear Murugan can you > ?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Yeshu Abraham
04:22 AM on 08/17/2012
Gadhadhara is twisting the monstrosity in the existence of 33 millions of gods and goddesses in Hinduism by referring to Einstein's 'hypothetical experiment.' What has mythology got to do with modern science. Hindu gods multiplied because there was no single religion called Hinduism before the Muslims invaded India. Villagers and tribals created their own gods and goddesses (ishta devata) according to their own taste and imagination. They worshiped pigs, snakes, rates and even phallus. During the Muslim period, all non-Muslims were collectively called Hindus by the Muslims, and that is how Hinduism as a single religion emerged, although tribals and castes were fighting against each other to establish the dominance of their gods. But in the recognized Hindu gods, there was no morality. Hindu scriptures tell us about the sexual debauchery of Gods and goddesses. Brahma marries his own daughter Satarupa. Their son is Manu, the founder of the Pruthu dynasty. Hindu scriptures tell us about fathers marrying their daughters. Hiranyakaspu married his daughter Rohini; Vashistha married his daughter Shatrupa; Janhu married his daughter Jannhavi and God Surya married his daughter Usha. There are also instances of father and son having sexual intercourse with the same woman. Brahma is the father of Manu and Satarupa is his mother. But Manu had sex with his mother Satrupa and later married her. Both Brahma and Manu unashamedly had sex with Satarupa. So you cannot extract any morality or philosophy from the acts of these gods.
04:26 PM on 09/19/2012
Get lost, evangelist mouthpiece.
05:38 AM on 08/14/2012
Hinduism is not one particular set of doctrine...it is a wide range of beliefs.infact 33million gods in hinduism speaks about the freedom of religious opinion and also says that no one can control one's perception about God because it changes from one individual to another;moreover it also accepts atheism,agnoistic,scientology and other beliefs as part of it.. hinduism believes in karma irrespective of the views of individual's thinking about god..in hinduism a good atheist is likely attain moksha than a bad follower. infact the first concept about God is related to atheism in hindu scripture...and one can be atheist as well as a hindu unlike other religions..
09:31 PM on 08/13/2012
Correct me but there aren't 33 million..its 33 crores.. which translates to 330 million.. that figure doesnt change the essence of the article but just some technical corrections..
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
rksingh2002
02:09 PM on 09/15/2012
it is 3 crores.
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
rtgmath
There has got to be a better way!
10:11 AM on 08/09/2012
"We take it completely for granted that the sun is always perfectly fixed in its position. If it were to move even slightly closer to the earth we would burn to a crisp ..."

Which is why religion (any religion) is not qualified to talk science.

The sun moves -- along with the planets. We are in a spiral arm of our galaxy and have been moving since formation. Relative to the earth, the sun is at one of the foci of an elliptical orbit. That means we are closer to the sun at some points of the year than we are at other points of the year. Due to the axial tilt of the earth, it turns out that we are closest to the sun at the Winter Solstice (for the Northern Hemisphere). Good thing, otherwise the Northern Hemisphere would have even wilder extremes of temperature. The Southern Hemisphere (including Australia) gets more severe heat during its summer than the Northern Hemisphere does.

As for the distance from the sun in our orbit, we do know that orbits change. We have evidence that the moon was once much closer to the earth than it is now. It is gradually receding from the earth, but by very small amounts.

If it comforts someone to think that somebody is in charge of the sun and the moon, have at it. But don't think it speaks about reality, because it does not. I find this explanation no more appropriate than Christianity's Creationism.
02:19 AM on 08/12/2012
When a person who does not know about the details of technology, sees an automatic door open and close knows that there is something and someone controlling the automatic door. That there is a complete science behind this simple mechanism, that someone once had an idea of this sort, someone built the circuits and so forth and it is so beautiful that it now runs without direct help of someone. So when we see the automatic sun orbiting, what makes us think that there is no science or system behind it? What makes us think that it was not someone's idea but just a fluke or matter of chance?
Also I think you will have fun skimming through this: http://vedabase.net/sb/5/21/
It is a roughly 5000 year old ancient text called Srimad Bhagavatam; the above is a chapter titled "The movements of the Sun"
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
methodman
08:51 PM on 08/08/2012
The equivalent is our science palette. I am in a great place I am breaking with narration and moving to working knowledge. The two words science and nature are opposite of phrase a gulf, chasm, moat, ocean of difference in distance and are unalike. I like where I am at I accommodate with a deeper sense of belonging but I am not using narration to sanitize movement. Hindu and Buddhists have a large variety of meditations. Research what meditations belong to what Gods. Then what European World, American, Austrailian, African, Asian North and south Pole experts match to.
04:00 PM on 08/08/2012
What's the name of god # 22,578,043? Surely the expert on Hinduism will know.
DoesItMatter
empty micro bio
10:40 PM on 08/08/2012
Kutarka.
02:07 PM on 08/25/2012
Haha a nice one! Crparke will find it hard to understand it though. Thanks for the Vitarka...
11:57 AM on 08/08/2012
Interesting. It makes at least as much sense as the monotheistic idea of a single all-powerful god who is everywhere, attending to everything, all the time. Of course, I don't believe in either one. The millions of gods attending to the myriad functions of the universe could be an interesting metaphor, but I'm afraid that's about all.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sandalwood
songs of the shamans...
01:54 PM on 08/08/2012
All we have are metaphors. But people concretizing is nothing new or reserved to any particular group. For example, most moderns think that atoms have been discovered, that Newtonian mechanics has been proved. The inexact use of the words 'atom' and 'particle' has led to this erroneous belief.

Neils Bohr: "We must be clear that when it comes to atoms, language can be used only as in poetry. The poet, too, is not nearly so concerned with describing facts as with creating images and establishing mental connections."

Neils Bohr: "Isolated material particles are abstractions, their properties being definable and observable only through their interaction with other systems."

Heisenbrerg: "There is a fundamental error in separating the parts from the whole, the mistake of atomizing what should not be atomized. Unity and complementarity constitute reality."
11:05 PM on 08/08/2012
Humans are a long way from understanding how everything "works." But, the scientific method will probably get us there eventually. Thinking in terms of systems helps.
05:39 PM on 08/17/2012
It is hilarious when peole compare religion to science and conclude both are imperfect science. First religion is anything buy science. It depends on unconditional faith and will not subject itself to any verifiable proof. Science on the other hand is not afraid of being wrong. A theory is proposed, rejected, refined, and evolves. That is progress, instead of clinging to something proposed in prehistoric times and calling it the ultimate truth.
photo
CodyGirl
Truth is worth pursuing.
03:30 PM on 08/08/2012
Do you not think that all the laws of nature (including human nature) are working everywhere, all at the same time, all the time?
04:13 PM on 08/08/2012
I do, but see no reason to credit those workings to supernatural beings. Our ancestors created stories of gods to explain the natural functions of the universe, but we have advanced to the stage where such stories are unnecessary. The gods, spirits, kami, etc will remain with us in our languages, customs, and festivals, but not in science.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shaktinah
Unabashedly liberal AND religious
10:03 AM on 08/08/2012
Chinese theology is very similar. There are hundreds, maybe thousands of "bureaucratic" deities that care for their particular domains. And when someone in our cultural history exhibits extraordinary traits, such as Guan Yu did, we deify the person. (Kind of like Catholics cannonize saints.) That's why it's no biggie to introduce "foreign" deities into the Chinese pantheon. They're just honored guests. :) But none of these gods are THE God. They are beings, just like us, only with more powers.
DoesItMatter
empty micro bio
10:46 PM on 08/08/2012
China imported religion from India.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shaktinah
Unabashedly liberal AND religious
01:29 PM on 09/08/2012
China imported Buddhism from India.  It already had its native religion of Taoism.
09:51 AM on 08/08/2012
Thank you for this simple explanation; I'm sure it's way
more complex, but it was helpful to my understanding.
09:31 AM on 08/08/2012
I think the term polytheism does not do the Sanatan Dharma justice, since it fails to communicate some essential truth about the belief system.

We must interpret the 33 million with reference to the core ideas - namely that divinity is all pervasive, that we too therefore are a part of that divinity, a manifestation of it. Our challenge is to realize this unity in us and everything around us. Our ego prevents us from doing so. Spiritual practice is the quest to realize this unity and identity with the divine.

That this single unifying idea implies manifestations, makes it easy to understand the 33 million gods and goddesses. The number does not mean anything - it is synonymous with infinity.

Which aspect of that divinity, which manifestation you choose to accomplish that spiritual goal, starting with the destruction of the ego is completely immaterial. They are just means to an end.

What we Sanatan Dharmis have failed to do, is to communicate this essential simplicity of our belief system to the world. Their confusion is our confusion.
photo
Mandalor te Siit
US Congress: 15% approval rating, 90% incumbency
08:23 PM on 08/08/2012
Any classification you could possibly think of for religions would be an incomplete explanation for some religion. They're all too complex for one word, and subject to personal interpretation.
06:52 PM on 08/09/2012
It's never too late...in fact, this is what I've been doing and I am urging others to educate...

What's happened is many Hindu (not Indian) concepts have been taken, and then taken out of context, and then redefined,... all the while never acknowledging Hinduism's gifts to humanity (the Vedic principles of living life, science, etc.). Many Hindus are quite content with letting others define them (their thinking is "as long as I know the truth" let the 'others' think what they want"). This is ridiculous thinking to say the least.

Dharmis need to (re) educate themselves - the Dharmis who do know their faith tradition are trying to educate but it's challenging when there's apathy and ignorance along with arrogance coming from non-Dharmic adherents.
07:39 AM on 08/08/2012
Easy to understand article
07:04 PM on 08/07/2012
All the gods and goddesses are manifestations from the one. Because no name suffices then a multiple are ascribed each having its own characteristics. There is always a god/dess for a first principle behind that another god/dess for a first principle in theory ad infinitum and in practice limited by cultural constraints and historical factors such as geography, trade and conquest. Ultimately, there is no complete hierarchy that sets the standard for all the deities. In one path the higher god/dess will be a lower one in another marga. Some choose to make a deity or a pair of deities as the center of their devotion. Others choose another deity or pair of deities. And that choice is grounded in upbringing, filial piety, familial loyalty, marriage bonds, and an inner calling to a specific path. And that affiliation to a particular devotional path may change over the course of one's life. Regardless, each one serves as a pathway or gateway to the ineffable. But for many no such entry point is required.
04:05 PM on 08/07/2012
I like polytheism more than Monotheist.
One god would be like a celestial tyranny, a kind of universal North Korea. At least polytheism had some variety
researcher
researcher
06:44 PM on 08/07/2012
This is a classic example of making a deity in man's image which the scientific materialists reject and the religious worship. that god does not exist has never existed and will never exist.

This the materialists have in common with the religious about their concept of a god made in the image of a human superman. neither has a clue this is a reflection of a lower level of consciousness dev.

Smart has little to do with consciousness dev contrary to what the world teaches.
10:03 PM on 08/07/2012
Ok, rock on with that
photo
CodyGirl
Truth is worth pursuing.
03:31 PM on 08/08/2012
The whole notion of God's "existence" is nonsensical since God is existence.
photo
CodyGirl
Truth is worth pursuing.
05:07 PM on 08/08/2012
How about thinking of God as a universal coordinator rather than a "celestial tyranny"? After all, it all works harmoniously.