iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Harry Shearer

Harry Shearer

Posted: September 20, 2010 09:28 PM

For those folks -- including the people at the CBS Evening News who, on the Friday before the 5th anniversary of the 2005 flood, ran a glowing, two-and-a-half-minute-long video paean to the US Army Corps of Engineers' work on the "new, improved" hurricane protection system in New Orleans -- who believe the Corps' repeated reassurances that New Orleans "has never been safer," this report from the Times-Picayune should be required reading.

The story in a nutshell: Corps higher-ups have authorized the refusal to rust-coat the steel "sheet piling" being driven to anchor floodwalls in the eastern half of the city, choosing instead to use extra-wide steel, so-called "sacrificial steel" because the extra width is a gift to the Rust Gods. The New Orleans Levee Authority, reformed by the voters after the 2005 flood to include professional engineers, hydrologists, and other experts, now admits it's been emboiled in a months-long wrangle with the Corps over the decision. One commissioner calls the decision "a design flaw," a harrowing echo of the problems discovered by two independent forensic engineering investigations into the 2005 flood.

The Levee Authority wants the Corps to fast-track an independent review of the decision, while the Corps appears to be slow-walking that process until the driving of the uncoated sheet pilings is a fait accompli. This is where your $14 billion is going, America. Into "sacrificial steel".

UPDATE (9-21): For those of you still in doubt about the nature of the decision-making process at the Corps where human life is concerned, I commend to you these two paragraphs from a decision by the US 5th Circuit Court of Appeals against a contractor whose work failed at the Industrial Canal in the 2005 flood:

 The 5th Circuit said the Corps provided the company with "imprecise,
 and at times non-existent" specifications for what kind of backfill
 material to use.

 "Significantly, the evidence in the record shows that the sole
 consideration for the Corps in evaluating the backfill was the cost
 of the material," (Judge Jerry) Smith wrote.

 

Follow Harry Shearer on Twitter: www.twitter.com/@letwits

 
 
  • Comments
  • 85
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
04:46 PM on 09/21/2010
i don't understand how the width of the panels could make any difference.
a 12" wide panel would, rust at the same rate as a 24" panel.
if the panels were 2' thick as oppossed to 1 ' thick, that would give the panel more time before rust through.
12:21 AM on 09/22/2010
The difference is in the thickness of steel. Steel that is in the ground will not rust like exposed steel or steel that is exposed to shoreline conditions. It takes oxygen to rust and once steel is installed in the ground and covered there will be very little rusting. This is common practice used by engineers throughout the world.
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Harry Shearer
01:18 AM on 09/22/2010
Two questions: 1, then why isn't it done in the rest of the system, 2, why do engineers at the Levee Authority object so much they went public with their complaint?
03:14 AM on 09/22/2010
Swain, tell us where in the world this is common practice used by engineers with regards to salt/brackish-water, bad soil mix and sand? This is pile-driven sheet metal. Cite your sources please, since you brought them up as fact.
01:28 PM on 09/21/2010
More bad news.

What is it going to TAKE to make Americans wake up and realize that long-term investment in high-quality, forward-thinking infrastructure is is ALL OUR interests?

It infuriates me when I see structures from the '30s and '40s that were funded by a progressive government that are STILL standing and still in fantastic shape, and yet the rest of this country is crumbling because right-wingers have brainwashed a majority of Americans into thinking that everything government does is WRONG.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
01:55 PM on 09/21/2010
Exactly. The article makes the argument that the private sector has discovered a design flaw that the ACOE is determined to build into the levee, and this is why we need to give greater regulation authority to the ACOE.

Which is a baffling argument. It seems to me that we shouldn't reward a bad design with greater authority to implement that design, that this project would be better trusted to the New Orleans Levee Authority than to the ACOE, and maybe the ACOE should be fired from their position.
photo
Bienville
Make levees, not war
07:56 PM on 09/24/2010
Every 2 or 3 years the American Society of Civil Engineers reviews the status of our nation's infrastructure. The latest is from 2009.
http://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/

Our overall grade? D
Our grade for levees? D-

We need $2.2 Trillion over 5 years.

We, as a people, simply will not spend the money required for a functioning civilization.
12:32 PM on 09/21/2010
Does Mr. Burns and Mr. Smithers understand the meaning and / or concept of a sacrificial metal, or is he just complaining with no solutions as is often his wont.

If complain constantly, can I have me a blog, too? Or do I have to do voices?
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Harry Shearer
01:09 PM on 09/21/2010
All you have to be able to do is read an English paragraph. Such as the one linking to the fact that the questions raised about "sacrificial steel" weren't raised by li'l ol' me, they were raised by engineer members of the Orleans East Levee Authority.
02:14 PM on 09/21/2010
Does Grandma Foolfinger understand the concept of increased flow-rate erosion through bad soil mix and sand? Does Grandma understand the fundamental engineering 101 idea of Doing It Right the 1st time rather than constantly having to Re-Makework It Right every time?
And BTW, I love Brad Pitt's re-housing project in the lower nine because they Make It Right The 1st time with each house they build.
Why can't the Corps of Engineers do this? Build it right the 1st time?
Well?
Does Grandma understand that the Corps of Engineers consistently chooses --to this day-- the technologically inferior engineering, the bad soils, the short cut steel, the underhanded project scheduling? The list goes on ad nausea. And as Crescent City Ray noted, they do this without regard to 1000s they already killed or 1000s more they endanger with such shoddy engineering practices.
While I know that reading what Harry writes in English can be quite difficult sometimes because, well, like y'know, it's so clearly stated, you should try sitting through his blisteringly factual documentary The Big Uneasy. Jeez Louie, the real data can get even harder to bear. Try listening, for once, to the very engineers and scientists who have First Hand Knowledge of the Corps engineering failures that doomed New Orleans 8/29/05.
The Big Uneasy will make its Oscar Qualifying run this week in Los Angeles and New York City from September 24-30
Thanks again, Harry.
Editilla~New Orleans Ladder
http://noladder.blogspot.com/
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Sandy Rosenthal
For the vetted facts on the New Orleans Flood
12:05 PM on 09/21/2010
Louisiana was the FIRST state in the nation to include professional engineers, hydrologists, and other experts on its local levee boards. Louisiana was cutting edge when it do that and consolidated it's levee boards into a regional authority. The state of California soon followed suit with regard to the experts.

My point is this. Louisiana's changes to its levee boards was labeled 'reform' when the movement to add experts should have been labeled "empowerment." And in the words of the citizens group that led the movement, it was done so that never again would the citizens of New Orleans be at the mercy of the Army Corps of Engineers.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
04:08 PM on 09/21/2010
Exactly, and the author seems to be making this point that the The New Orleans Levee Authority has to fight the ACOE over an aparent bad engineering decision. We should use this example to become more forward thinking, more progressive and hand over responsibility to individuals in the local area and move away from the old idea that government makes better products just because it's the government.
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Harry Shearer
05:59 PM on 09/21/2010
Again, the levee authority is a government body. What is it about those words that you don't get?
11:27 AM on 09/21/2010
Folks, we are talking about pile founded (anchored) T-type flood walls here: the principal finished structure has a typical cross-section that looks something like an inverted capital "T" (aren't engineers creative?), and the horizontal-ish footers (the "cross" of the "T") are themselves anchored semi-vertically into denser soil strata with "batter piles," in this case using PZC-13 ball-and-socket sheet piling.

The top of the batters may be several (or dozens) of feet below the visible surface, stabilizing the footer, and preventing or minimizing lateral underground water flow. According to the manufacturer's website, the top 15 feet of the batters (i.e., the part above the water table) will -- will -- be coated with 16 mm of coal tar epoxy to provide long-term protection from corrosion.

As for the uncoated bottom of the pile, there is ample engineering data indicating that steel piles driven to these depths (assuming natural undisturbed soils) experience neglible corrosion over time. Why? Because rust = oxidization. And anybody who had high school chemistry knows that "oxidation" cannot occur in the absence of . . . oxygen. How neglible? About 1 mil (0.001 in.) per year. PZC-13 is 0.375 inches thick, so after about 125 years, the sheets will retain 2/3 thickness. And a wider pile means fewer joints, and less oxidation and greater structural integrity.

Much ado about nothing, although I do have reservations about the design's accounting for slope and soil effects.
11:43 AM on 09/21/2010
(Ran out of letters). As to the levees and sea wall structures other than the T-styles, a sacrificial layer of steel, is an acceptable -- but not optimum -- engineering practice. Using thicker-than-spec pile, the outer "sacrificial" layer acts like an epoxy or other coating protecting the structure from further corrosion. Again, high school chemistry: oxidation occurs only on the surface, and rust cannot penetrate further. However, this only works if the environment is not conducive to sloughing away the existing, oxidized surface layer, usually by friction from wind, water and/or soil. Given the slow-moving, low-salinity waters and finely-textured, silty soils in the NOLA environment, a sacrificial layer might be appropriate. Might.
11:44 AM on 09/21/2010
Is what you described being used on the many bridges such as Golden gate, Verazano in NYC, etc around the country that have been sitting in water, salt and fresh for many years now? How safe are they now? you seem to be very knowledgeable that is why I am asking you these questions. Also, what is your concern about slope and soil effects? Can you please describe that for me?
01:04 PM on 09/21/2010
Not really the same thing. I was describing a type of seawall. Those are (obviously) bridges, so the underlying purposes, designs, methods and materials are going to be different. I have not seen the specs on the Golden Gate earthquake retrofit, but I believe existing tower pedestals are being reinforced with supplemental piles using a cast-in-drilled-hole method (drill and insert long metal tube, fill tube with concrete, allow concrete to set, remove tube) tying into the existing tower pedestals. Certain types of concrete are not corrosive or susceptible to water/air penetration, and therefore protect any structural steel inserts ("rebar") from oxidation. In other words, there isn't (I don't think) any exposed steel on the exteriors of the underground/underwater support piles for these bridges. I haven't seen any recent geo and engineering surveys, and so can't comment specifically on how safe they are. But in general, pretty safe, considering the San Andreas runs right underneath one of them.
01:17 PM on 09/21/2010
Several engineering professors from U. of Miss. did a paper on the T-walls. Jinoh Won, et al., if this link doesn't work: http://www.serri.org/publications/Documents/Ole%20Miss%20Project%2070023%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20a%20T-Wall%20Section%20in%20New%20Orleans%20Considering%203D%20Soil-Structure%20Interaction%20(Song).pdf

Lots of geeky technobabble there. But for me personally (not necessarily attributable to these authors), the design of the T-walls might -- might -- not account sufficiently for (a) friction from subsurface movement of sandy soils sloughing off the oxidized protective layer on the batter sheet piles, and (b) effects on the batters from pressures other than subsurface water movement, such as pressures exerted by the slope of backfill necessary to create a levee in the first place. Many of the T-walls are or will be on levees, and given the soupy subsurface conditions, the slope of the levee might push or undermine the walls.
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
JScott
John Galt's last name is McGuffin-Smithee
10:54 AM on 09/21/2010
Yup we do things in the US on the cheap now, we don't want to pay to do it right.
We refused Holland's expertise in this area, that's typical.

Seems like are chant here is 'let the market decide'..........STUPID really.
09:44 AM on 09/21/2010
Poor New Orleans. Why is this happening? I don't know much about steel but I do know that it will rust badly in saltwater. Is not the Army Corps of Engineers the ones that are supposed to take care of the infrastructure in the country? Wasn't this group developed back in the 30's to help put people back to work and to keep our infrastructure intact? Maybe it needs a major overhaul now to straighten it out.
10:50 AM on 09/21/2010
Supposedly, by using wider (and I hope they actually mean thicker) steel, the amount of rust expected will not eat in far enough to make them structurally unsound. The term sacrifical is used because they know and expect that layer to be eaten away (its very purpose). The thicker pilings can be made and delivered fatser than the regular pilings that would then have to be sent off for coating, which can take a while depending on the method.

Its like putting a few extra layers of wax or urethane on a wood floor so that you won't have to recoat it as often.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CrescentCityRay
11:22 AM on 09/21/2010
Which alloy of steel? Are the Corps' corrosion rates based on salt or fresh water - I ask because the Corps never seems to recognize the difference - when it comes to coating steel.

How do we prevent the Corps from purposely incorporating stupid cheap engineering into our "protection" system, which they insist on calling a "risk reduction system"????
09:14 AM on 09/21/2010
How many failures does the Corp have to pile up before people stop hiring them?
If this is a federal project, then pressure should be put on Louisiana's congress men to either get an oversight contractor or just hire a construction company with a record of success instead of a construction unit with half a century of failure after failure.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CrescentCityRay
11:27 AM on 09/21/2010
Marnie1,

Please take the time to read up and understand that New Orleans and Louisiana have zero control over the feds and the Corps regarding hurricane protection levee systems. We take what we get whether we like it or not. Why cannot outsiders understand that. All we are allowed to do is pay our cost share - which we already paid pre-k, but they gave us just movie props for our money and given the opportunity, movie props is all we will get for our cost share this time, again.

How can the Corps be controlled? Where is due process? Why don't we get that here?
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Sandy Rosenthal
For the vetted facts on the New Orleans Flood
12:26 PM on 09/21/2010
After Hurricane Betsy, Congress gave responsibility for the design and construction of New Orleans' flood protection to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the Flood Control Act of 1965. It's the law, not a hiring decision. By law, Louisiana cannot hire a private construction company.

In 2007, after the Corps's system failed, Louisiana Congress members including Senator Mary Landrieu, backed by Levees.org voted to reform the Army Corps to require oversight in the form of peer review. It passed by a narrow margin.
08:28 AM on 09/21/2010
I read nearly every one of your posts, Harry. And not because of any PARTICULAR concern over New Orleans, but because I'm impressed with your committment and obvious expertise. At this point you probably know more about the issues involved than just about any other person alive.

What I DON'T understand, is the basis for your apparent faith that government can offer the solution. Not just with the levees in New Orleans, but overall. Were you impressed with the way the "stimulus funds" were allocated? Are you impressed with how those funds have been SPENT? I can't believe that could be the case. Do you REALLY THINK that Uncle Sam should be building cars or running the health care system? What is the basis for trusting them to get ANYTHING right? I just don't see it.

I know I don't have to tell you to keep up the yeoman's work you do. You're a treasure. But i will never share your faith that government is the answer. Government is the problem!
10:40 AM on 09/21/2010
Should we have a church bake sale to cover the cost and organization it would take to do the job? When the part of N.O. that is now called uptown was fist developed as farming land, it was the responsibility of the individual landowners to build and maintain the river levee that was on the individuals land. Some landowners built good levees and others not so good. The landowner that built a good levee still had their crops ruined by their neighbor who built a bad one. Can you see the problem? It was the United States Army Corp of Engineers who masterfully tamed and channeled the Mighty Mississippi. Historically, the Corps has done tremendous work. And then there is the U.S. Army, the U.S. Postal system, the library system, the university system. and on and on. Do you think we have just gotten stupid over the last few decades or could the problem be elsewhere? I prefer to think that, despite historically recent governmental problems and incompetence, the United States Government can, as it has in the past, do great work. I think this is the more patriotic view. The view that we should elect government with a self esteem problem and can't do anything well is a self fulfilling prophecy. Be proud of your country and its government and maybe, as a country, we can accomplish great things again.
photo
Bienville
Make levees, not war
11:44 PM on 09/22/2010
Look at the Mississippi River levees. They are magnificent. They have not failed to protect New Orleans for over 100 years. The Corps of Engineers knew how to do that. Why don't they know how to build hurricane protection levees? Perhaps you should join Levees.org and demand an 8/29 investigation to help us all find out.
03:41 PM on 09/23/2010
Tru'dat, Beinville.
What really scalds my bones is the way the Corps is now moving to put Option 1 in the ground on the 3 outfall canals which flooded 80% of New Orleans, yet leaving the same bad floodwalls standing and technologically inferior to Option 2 --which would REMOVE THOSE BAD FLOODWALLS.
Long sentence I know. But if we could stop the Corps from running rough-shod over this entire Hurricane Protection System In Name Only, we would by default gain our "8/29 Investigation". If we can get Option 2 on our outfall canals, then we would see just how badly engineered are the remaining old bad floodwalls. This is the road to sanity. Why even think about leaving those old bad floodwalls standing? Aside from abject stupidity, it must be because to tear them down will most probably reveal even worse engineering malfeasance by the Corps of Engineers. http://bit.ly/9Byrbi

Now let's put every PR hack working for the Corps and their Stakeholders to bed. Can we finally move with Sound Civil Engineering Practice?
I think so.

Thank you,
Editilla~New Orleans Ladder
http://noladder.blogspot.com/
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Edward Standley
opinionated jerk
08:01 AM on 09/21/2010
Don't know if this would be as effective for pilings, but I read that some bridges are protected from rust by applying a low voltage electric current to the iron/steel. Solar powered possibly?
08:28 AM on 09/21/2010
It's called cathodic protection and it is also a possibility...
03:15 PM on 09/21/2010
Technically, yes. But there are over 100 miles of levees and floodwalls in the Orleans Levee District alone. Installation and maintenence costs for a cathodic protection system would be ruinous. Cheaper to use unprotected sheet piles and just drive new ones when the old ones wear out.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
07:33 AM on 09/21/2010
It should be noted that the dammage NOLA suffered from Katrina wasn't from the storm itself, but from the failure of government built levees. Now it appears that history is once again repeating itself.

Yet, we intrust to the same federal government unwavering trust that they will use this same collective judgement to plan our health care, education, and retirement.

I see a disconnect from reality......
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
miles120
07:58 AM on 09/21/2010
On the contrary. We are the government. The chances are better that the job will get done right if there is transparency and attention brought to this matter. Where would NOLA be if a private contractor was doing the work? Would anyone know what was happening? Of course not.

The Army Corps has been a problem for 150 years. One reason for that is all the competing pressure that's put on it by various factions. The problem is not that it resides in the public domain, but that it needs more people like Mr. Shearer and the Levee Commission holding it to task.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
11:27 AM on 09/21/2010
First you say that because we are the government, the job will be done right, then you go on to say that the government has been a problem for 150 years. Which is it? Are they doing the best job possible if there's a question about using Sacrificial Steel? How does one go about stopping a faulty project if the government denies the problem? Does a cartoon voice over have the engineering degree and the knowlege to dispute the findings of a degreed engineer with the ACOE?

At least if it were a private corporation, they could be sued for their shoddy work.

Do you agree with the government that franken fish is safe for human consumption? Or that gulf shrimp are safe to eat?

I'm just puzzled why we accept without question that the government is pure and without faults.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Derek Spisak
02:57 AM on 09/21/2010
Keep up the fight.
01:23 AM on 09/21/2010
It is not the width of the piling that is critical (or in question), it is the thickness. Piling comes in over 40 different profiles of varying configurations. Also, it is nowhere noted what process is being considered for the "reported" coating in question. For example, an epoxy coating would be significantly damaged during the driving operation (and inaccessible to repair) and as a result would actually corrode faster than if not coated. If it is a galvanized coating, the cost would be extremely high and the galvanizing process extremely slow to delivery.

These are things that would need to be clarified to make this article complete and discussion possible. Very poor reporting!
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
06:43 AM on 09/21/2010
Don't know a thing about pilings, but your post is welcome information, devoid of sensationalism. Thanks.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CrescentCityRay
12:11 PM on 09/21/2010
Expense & time do not trump safety or reliability. Does the Corps know the difference between fresh and salt water? Did they coat steel equipment at the outfall canal 'temporary' pump stations? Did their decision to be cheap at our expense, and not coat that steel, prove to be wise? Was it not determined that their decision was based on steel corrosion rates in fresh water rather than salt water like what actually contacts these projects' un-coated steel?

Do you trust the Corp to have really done their due diligence? Are you certain they are not shooting from the hip, like when they claimed locally, that the failure mechanism that caused the failure of outfall canal floodwalls, as predicted by USACE full scale experiment pre-k, was not worthy of concern because local Corps engineers claimed their engineering judgment was that the walls were sound as designed? Did they exercise good judgment when they fought in court to force a contractor to build their 17th Street Canal floodwalls exactly as the Corps designed despite the contractor insistence that the wall as designed would not hold back water?

I'm just saying do not assume the Corps is properly applying science in our best interest. We know better than that - from real life experience. They are the same exact Corps as they were pre-k, but even better funded.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
12:10 AM on 09/21/2010
muthaforkas
01:29 PM on 09/21/2010
My thoughts exactly.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
tinyrainbows
11:20 PM on 09/20/2010
It's never enough.