iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Heidi Grant Halvorson, Ph.D.

GET UPDATES FROM Heidi Grant Halvorson, Ph.D.
 

Why Letting Yourself Make Mistakes Means Making Fewer of Them

Posted: 04/18/11 03:06 AM ET

Think back to the last time your boss assigned you a new project or task at work, or the last time you tried to tackle something really difficult in your personal life. How did it feel? I'm guessing scary, right?

While some people seem eager to tackle new challenges, many of us are really just trying to survive without committing any major screw-ups. Taking on something totally new and unfamiliar is understandably frightening, since the odds of making a mistake are good when you are inexperienced. Small wonder that we greet new challenges with so little enthusiasm.

How can we learn to see things differently? How can we shift our thinking, and approach new responsibilities and challenges with more confidence and energy?

The answer is simple, though perhaps a little surprising: Give yourself permission to screw up. Start any new project by saying, "I'm not going to be good at this right away, I'm going to make mistakes, and that's okay."

So now you're probably thinking, "If I take your advice and actually let myself screw up, there will be consequences. I'm going to pay for it." Fair enough. But you really needn't worry about that, because studies show that when people are allowed to make mistakes, they are significantly less likely to actually make them! Let me explain.

We approach most of what we do with one of two types of goals: what I call "be-good" goals, where the focus is on proving that you have a lot of ability and already know what you're doing, and "get-better" goals, where the focus is on developing your ability and learning a new skill. It's the difference between wanting to show that you are smart vs. wanting to get smarter.

The problem with "be-good" goals is that they tend to backfire when things get hard. We quickly start to doubt our ability ("Oh no, maybe I'm not good at this!"), and this creates a lot of anxiety. Ironically, worrying about your ability makes you much more likely to ultimately fail. Countless studies have shown that nothing interferes with your performance quite like anxiety does; it is the goal-killer.

"Get-better" goals, on the other hand, are practically bullet-proof. When we think about what we are doing in terms of learning and improving, accepting that we may make some mistakes along the way, we stay motivated despite the setbacks that might occur.

Just to give you an example, in one study I conducted a few years ago with my graduate student, Laura Gelety, we found that people who were trying to be good (i.e., those who were trying to show how smart they were) performed very poorly on a test of problem-solving when we made the test more difficult (either by interrupting them frequently while they were working, or by throwing in a few additional unsolvable problems).

The amazing thing was, the people who were trying to get better (i.e., those who saw the test as an opportunity to learn a new problem-solving skill) were completely unaffected by any of our dirty tricks. No matter how hard we made it for them, students focused on getting better stayed motivated and did well.

Too often, when the boss gives us an assignment, we expect to be able to do the work flawlessly, no matter how challenging it might be. The focus is all about being good, and the prospect becomes terrifying. Even when we are assigning ourselves a new task, we take the same approach, expecting way too much too soon.

Alina Tugend, in her excellent new book "Better by Mistake," illustrates through fascinating examples how the expectation of perfection -- in business, in the practice of medicine, even in aviation -- has been a direct contributor to catastrophic failures. Expecting perfection in your own life, she explains, is a recipe for self-sabotage.

The irony, you see, is that all this pressure to be good results in many more mistakes, and far inferior performance, than would a focus on getting better. Mistakes, as Tugend points out, should be thought of as something to manage and learn from, rather than something to eliminate (because the latter is more or less impossible). "We should strive to do our best," she writes, "but if the prize is ever elusive perfection, then the fear of failure will too often overshadow the willingness to experiment, take risks, and challenge ourselves."

How can you reframe your goals in terms of getting better? Here are the three steps:

  1. Start by embracing the fact that when something is difficult and unfamiliar, you will need some time to really get a handle on it. You may make some mistakes, and that's OK.
  2. Remember to ask for help when you run into trouble. Needing help doesn't mean you aren't capable -- in fact, only the very foolish believe they can do everything on their own.
  3. Try not to compare yourself to other people -- instead, compare your performance today to your performance yesterday. Focusing on getting better means always thinking in terms of progress, not perfection.

 
 
 

Follow Heidi Grant Halvorson, Ph.D. on Twitter: www.twitter.com/hghalvorson

Think back to the last time your boss assigned you a new project or task at work, or the last time you tried to tackle something really difficult in your personal life. How did it feel? I'm guessing...
Think back to the last time your boss assigned you a new project or task at work, or the last time you tried to tackle something really difficult in your personal life. How did it feel? I'm guessing...
 
 
  • Comments
  • 42
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Bloggers
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
photo
Cory111
Life is truly good...
07:27 PM on 04/23/2011
Was the lead-in picture supposed to be negative? I’d say the child was rather smart, “No problem I’ll just slip out the window.

Expectations have a budding relationship on the rocks before it’s even started.

Just imagine the interesting people we would meet if for a month we were all blind.
06:45 PM on 04/23/2011
A baby who is learning to walk makes plenty of mistakes, but that doesn't stop them. Soon they're off and running.
photo
Lennie Ross
Chick Lit Author & Blogger in Los Angeles
02:41 AM on 04/20/2011
I know this is a little bit of a reach, but it makes me think about relationship expectations. Your expectation being perfection vs allowing yourself to get involved in something or with someone that isn't perfect.- Lennie Ross
09:55 PM on 04/19/2011
What if mistakes are happening without my doing anything?
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Tom Joad
"While there is a lower class, I am in it "
08:31 AM on 04/19/2011
Alternatively, if you want to make fewer mistakes, do less stuff...
02:42 PM on 04/22/2011
Brilliant
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
gemsviathailand
Namaste - Have a nice day!
06:35 AM on 04/19/2011
Great article! Wonderful theme. I'm almost inclined not to spell check this comment.

I am very happy to be a "get-better" person. For years I have responded to many situations with- Hey, if I knew what I was doing this would be easier.

Once I heard someone say they wanted to learn a second language well enough to tell a joke in it. I really liked that concept. Now the locals laugh at my attempts to pronounce their language and it is ok being the joke. It seems impossible to learn Thai without being comfortable making mistakes, but I'm getting better.
YOKEL13
Earth may be spherical, but the galaxy is flat
09:39 PM on 04/21/2011
"Experience is what you always have, right after you needed it!" - Alfred E. Neuman
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
jfraser95
06:13 AM on 04/19/2011
I never make mistakes. Once I thought I did, but I was wrong.
01:39 AM on 04/20/2011
LOL...my mother's version:

I'm never wrong. Once, I thought I was...but I was mistaken.

Thanks for the smile!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
jfraser95
06:14 AM on 04/20/2011
:)
06:47 PM on 04/23/2011
A math teacher would always say "First mistake I've made all year!".
04:58 AM on 04/19/2011
I'm always looking for shortcuts, which can trip me up and cause mistakes. Like when I was in middle school and learning to sew. I would skip the basting step and then have to rip everything out and start again.

As my mother always said, "The longest is the shortest in the end."

But in a fast world it's a worry just to keep up. I take a light approach to all the worry on www.confessionsofa worrywart.com
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dtallwalk
09:26 PM on 04/21/2011
I totally get this statement here is why
Years ago I used to do machine repair. When a machine went down I had to get it repaired
And running fast. Sometimes too fast for my own good. It was a good thing I had Bill the
Machine repair Leader. This was what he told me one day after a machine I fixed did not
Work as planed so I had to redo it. He said
There will never be time to fix it right the first time, but there will always be time to fix it again.
This laid a clear path to what I needed to do. Slow down think it thru and my work day will
Much easier. Thanks Bill
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
11:01 PM on 04/18/2011
good advice, I liked what you wrote...
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CryptoKnight
09:56 PM on 04/18/2011
For this genre of advice, this is some of the best and most practical I've seen. Based on my own experiences, I completely concur.
09:33 PM on 04/18/2011
Thanks Dr Heidi....this type A, thanks you.
09:12 PM on 04/18/2011
Excellent post. Thanks!
photo
cvbnm67
Pursuing truth, and all those who threaten it.
08:49 PM on 04/18/2011
I don't let myself make mistakes, they just happen.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
bynddrvn5
My Micro-bio is unwritten...
08:33 PM on 04/18/2011
One of the best bosses I ever had, was one who would pull people into his office when something went wrong and would work through what went wrong, how to fix it (if possible), and how to limit the chances of the error happening again.

He did most of this in a calm manner, but he did push people to preform at their best. More of coach than a typical business manager, but very, very effective.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
magicsushi
...will work for peanuts.
07:40 PM on 04/18/2011
I'd rather have a life full of mistakes than full of regret.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
littlepuffycloud
I propose a toast to my self control...
11:47 AM on 04/19/2011
My mistakes have caused me regret..