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How Much TV Should Kids Be Allowed To Watch? (VIDEO)

Posted: 11/18/10 08:22 AM ET

The issue of kids' exposure to TV doesn't throw off as many sparks as it used to. There is general agreement that a child's exposure to television of any type should be limited. There is also general agreement that we are completely ignoring this advice. I remember as a kid waiting every Sunday night for Walt Disney's "Wonderful World of Color" to come on, and loving it. I also remember my parents turning off the television when it was over. We don't do that anymore.

Americans two years of age and older now spend an average of four hours and 49 minutes per day in front of the TV -- 20 percent more than 10 years ago. And we are getting this exposure at younger and younger ages, made all the more complex because of the wide variety of digital screen time now available. In 2003, 77 percent of kids under six watched television every day. And children younger than two got two hours and five minutes of "screen time" with TVs and computers per day.

What effect might this have on our children's brains? It's not good news.

For decades we have known of the connection between hostile peer interactions and the amount of kids' exposure to television. The linkage used to be controversial (maybe aggressive people watch more TV than others), but we now see that it's an issue of our deferred-imitation abilities, coupled with a loss of impulse control. One personal example: When I was in kindergarten, my best friend and I were watching "The Three Stooges," a 1950s TV show. The program involved lots of physical comedy, including people sticking their fingers in other people's eyes. When the show was over, my friend fashioned his little fingers into a V, then quickly poked me in both eyes. I couldn't see anything for the next hour and was soon whisked to the emergency room. Diagnosis: scratched corneas and a torn eye muscle.

Other examples come from studies that looked at bullying, attentions spans and the ability to focus, and secondhand exposure to TV. Watch this video to find out the results:


Disturbing stuff. Since the first studies on television, researchers have discovered that not everything about TV is negative. The effect depends upon the content of the TV show, the age of the child, and perhaps even the child's genetics. Before age two, TV is best avoided completely. That includes videos that claim to be baby brain-boosters. (More on that, and video games, in my new book, "Brain Rules for Baby: How to Raise a Smart, Happy Child from Zero to Five.")

After age five, the jury is out on this harsh verdict -- way out, in fact. Some television shows improve brain performance at this age. Not surprisingly, these shows tend to be the interactive types ("Dora the Explorer," good; "Barney and Friends," bad, according to certain studies). So, although the case is overwhelming that television exposure should be limited, TV cannot be painted with a monolithic brush.

Here are a few recommendations for TV viewing the data suggest:

  1. Keep the TV off before the child turns two. I know this is tough to hear for parents who need a break. If you can't turn it off -- if you haven't created those social networks that can allow you a rest -- at least limit your child's exposure to TV. We live in the real world, after all, and an irritated, overextended parent can be just as harmful to a child's development as an annoying purple dinosaur.
  2. After age two, help your children choose the shows (and other screen-based exposures) they will experience. Pay special attention to any media that allow intelligent interaction.
  3. Watch the chosen TV show with your kids, interacting with the media, helping them to analyze and think critically about what they just experienced. And keep the TV out of the kids' room: Kids with their own TVs score an average of eight points lower on math and language-arts tests than those in households with TVs in the family room.


More parenting videos on brainrules.net detail key insights from the book, from how to deal with temper tantrums to the surprising way a "cookie test" can predict SAT scores.

 
 
 

Follow John Medina, Ph.D. on Twitter: www.twitter.com/babybrainrules

 
 
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02:30 PM on 11/24/2010
Think of the tv as a free baby sitter.
10:26 AM on 11/22/2010
I agree. From youth until the age of 15, I was only allowed to watch TV three days a week with a restricted amount of hours per day. In the process, I developed an avid interest in books. The only shows I watch now are Law and Order and Psych. My children will grow up with the same rules I grew up with. None of that Jersey Shore, Real Housewives BS.
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Cole 33
If someone asks if you're a God, you, say, YES!
12:07 PM on 11/19/2010
For us, it's commercials I don't want my kid watching commercials

Right now My little guy watches One episode of Sesame street a day, he doesn't even sit through the whole thing, he likes to go play.

For me the devil are commercials.
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Joseph J Schuler
11:22 AM on 11/19/2010
"For decades we have known of the connection between hostile peer interactions and the amount of kids' exposure to television."

Pure hogwash. Another supposed "common knowlege" fact that is completely wrong.
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alahnar
A strange bedfellow indeed
05:33 PM on 11/19/2010
Er, um, you're wrong.
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Joseph J Schuler
05:49 PM on 11/19/2010
You have studies, with properly documented methodoliges, to prove your point?

There are many flawed studies.
09:59 AM on 11/19/2010
Not very much! TV is brainwashing our culture. Marketing and advertising, and government misinformation and lies twist our thinking to their advantage. TV offers little reality. It's numbing programming and our children suffer greatly.
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jeanneyogini
07:42 PM on 11/18/2010
Great advise. Thanks so much.
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deluk
hot mess...
06:52 PM on 11/18/2010
However much time they have left over from doing the cooking, cleaning, gardening and dogwalking.

A half hour of something educational would be considered appropriate.
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
06:42 PM on 11/18/2010
Aside from a movie, documentary or nature show now, I'm actually against ANY TV for children until they can afford to buy a TV and satellite/cable hook up of their own. Aside from the avalanche of crap programming on TV I feel our kids are already subjected to an endless onslaught of advertisers telling them what they need to buy. I forget how many advertisements were bombarded with daily but I would think a great number of them occur while parked on one's A in front of the television.

But I also oppose unlimited time on a computer, totally disagree with young kids having cell phones...I'd relent perhaps at the age they begin to date or drive.

We've turned our children into rabid consumers and tech junkies. It gives me no hope for the future.
10:34 PM on 11/18/2010
There's hope. We have a 4 year old and she watches no TV, no computer or videos. She goes to a private school that has a media policy (it's discouraged for all students but especially those under age 7) so she has a network of friends whose parents are on the same page as us about these things, she's not a "weirdo" as she would be considered in public school. My husband works in broadcasting so we have multiple TVs in the house but we almost never watch it, just the occasional DVD.

Hubby and I also totally agree with you about cell phones and computer time for young kids.

The number of parents who are choosing to raise their kids without media is increasing. People are starting to wise up.
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KarlaElisa
The atmosphere is Toxic
12:53 AM on 11/19/2010
Well that certainly IS encouraging. Thank you for touching base and sharing.
11:19 AM on 11/19/2010
Do you worry that her ability to survive in technical careers will be hampered? I need a computer for about 80% of the things I do at work. While I totally agree that media time should be limited, there is a lot of learning that goes on using technical gadgets. There is an obvious gap in comfort using computer skills between the people who grew up using computers and those who learned later in life. Just curious about your thoughts.
05:47 PM on 11/18/2010
As a teacher, I remember sitting down with a parent and asking how much television her son watched each night. She stopped and starting counting. I didn't know what she was counting, until she finally said, "So, that's eight shows...but they're half hours, so only four full hours." Proudly she added, "I make him turn it off while we eat." Another time, a parent told me she didn't understand why her child had such difficulty with language. She used to put him in front of the television for hours when he was a kid. TV kids. Teachers can spot them. They usually speak in quick little sound bites and catch phrases from shows or commercials. Most of the time, they have no idea what they even mean, but they've got the voices down perfectly. They severely lack critical thinking skills. Whether it's social decisions on the playground or a deeper understanding of a story, TV kids don't get it. And they are not likely to get it, either. TV kids tend to fall farther and farther behind. I could call their care-giver to discuss it, but the TV won't return my calls. Sad, but true. It's just one more thing the teacher has no control over, but it greatly effects what goes on in the classroom.

Chris Bowen
Author of, "Our Kids: Building Relationships in the Classroom"
06:38 PM on 11/18/2010
It's Idiocracy. All across the West big screens are appearing in classrooms.Teachers are losing capacity to transfer cognitive skills through demonstration and exemplification.
03:44 PM on 11/19/2010
This is why our kid goes to a Waldorf school--no TV or computer standing in for the teacher.
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GreenKate
04:18 PM on 11/20/2010
I agree, and yet there were TV sets in every class my children attended. Not to mention pop and candy machines in the hall and junk food in the cafeteria. This was not a poor district, BTW.
Adults stopped being adults at some point. Not just parents, but educators too.
01:07 AM on 11/21/2010
I agree. I heard someone say a few years ago that you can't be a truly effective teacher, pastor, or parent unless you're willing to be hated from time to time. Hate might be too strong a word, but I totally agree. It's about people not willing to make the tough adult choices and so badly not wanting to be perceived as uncool. That's a shame.
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LifeChangeStartsNow
I am love, discernment, confident, resourceful, as
01:50 PM on 11/18/2010
Thank you thank you thank you for this message and the findings which I didn't really need but it helps for those parents and caregivers who need an "expert" judgement before they act on their kids welfare.

On a visit to the family home, I found my 2 year-old nephew glued to the TV from 8h00 till 12noon when it was turned off while he had lunch. If it was left on, he did not eat properly at the table.

He used to go crazy when I turned it off in the morning. When I turned it off I discovered that he knew how to turn it on manually! I tried unplugging it and do you know, that little scamp understood how the plug worked but couldn't fit it into the socket (which he knew it was forbidden to touch).

He used to beg his granny until I put my foot down to both of them.

Happily, the distraction of colouring books, teaching him to ride his tricycle, playing football, counting cars, trucks and buses passing by worked. But I was really shocked by his addiction before he was enrolled in pre-school.

He soon forgot about the idiot box unless an adult was watching.

Whew!

Parents really need to wake up!
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booki
01:43 PM on 11/18/2010
To me it is question of what they watch, not how much.
i am more worried about the computer. rather than TV.
11:21 AM on 11/19/2010
Why?
01:28 PM on 11/18/2010
so my 1 yr old watching "classical baby" and "baby Einstein" is bad..haha.. I dont think so..
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
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Weirdo
"It's a Wall Street government"
09:48 PM on 11/18/2010
My kids' pediatrician told us that ANY TV before age 2 was demonstrably harmful to their developing brains. Much better that they spend that half hour playing with you than watching ducks and balls bounce across the screen to some Mozart tune.
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alahnar
A strange bedfellow indeed
05:36 PM on 11/19/2010
Well, I don't know if you heard, but the makers of Baby Einstein and Classical Baby offered a refund on all those who bought their movies before 2007 (i believe) because of their false advertising. The kids are bombarded with knowledge and sensory things, including vocabulary, to the point where it's easier for them to filter out about half of what they hear. This leads to things like ADHD in severe cases, but more often than not just a reduced attention span. So ... yes. It's not good for them to watch that stuff, but less than an hour a day probably isn't too harmful
12:38 PM on 11/18/2010
Turn it off. Let them sneak it on Saturday mornings so you can sleep in. A little Sponge Bob will make them normal. But turn it off the moment you wake up. When kids are older, no time for TV. Turn it off and watch them think for themselves.
11:23 AM on 11/19/2010
Saturday mornings was Mouse-ercise! lol my mom loved that. Do they still have that show?
12:31 PM on 11/18/2010
If my middle child is any measure, he didn't even seem to recognize TV until he was about three. The TV could be on, but he was oblivious to it. None of my children watched much TV as infants/toddlers and we tried to be selective about programming as they got older. Now all adults, the eldest does not own a TV, nor does the youngest (but he does plan to purchase one soon), the middle child has two large screens, several computers, smart phone, tablet, the works. However, I would say he is also very selective in what he watches on TV, recording programs he wants to watch so that he can skip the commercials. My spouse and I watch a lot of TV, but almost none of it network. We record programs so that we can skip commercials, get most of our news from the internet, and only watch local news to find out what's going on, to borrow a phrase, "in our neck of the woods." Network TV is a vast wasteland, but cable channels like Science, Discovery, History, public TV, Travel, BBC, etc provide a lot of content rich programming.
11:41 AM on 11/18/2010
Only educational programs like Sesame Street, Nature, Science and History.

Absolutely NO reason a kid needs to know there are a such thing as cartoons, before they enter school. Well unless your five year old is doing a their dissertation on, The Mind Numbing Effects of Corporate Propaganda of Cartoons via Commercials.

Afaik, parents allow their kid in front of crappy TV becasue they don't know any better.