iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
John W. Whitehead

GET UPDATES FROM John W. Whitehead
 

Making Sense of School Shootings

Posted: 02/28/2012 10:20 am

On Feb. 27, a teenager -- reportedly a victim of bullying and something of a social outcast -- walked into a Cleveland high school and opened fire in the cafeteria, killing two students and wounding three others. The teenager, identified as T.J. Lane, has been taken into police custody. Now media pundits are speculating on who or what is to blame for this latest spate of violence.

Yet we've been caught in the grip of a cycle of school violence that started almost 20 years ago. It was February 1997 when a 16-year-old Alaskan boy pulled out a shotgun and killed his principal and another student. Two years later, on April 20, 1999, two teenagers, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, opened fire on classmates and teachers at Columbine High School, killing 12 students and one teacher and leaving 24 others wounded.

Then, on October 10, 2006, a 13-year-old seventh grade boy, apparently fascinated with the 1999 Columbine High School bloodbath, carried an assault rifle into his Joplin, Missouri, middle school. Dressed in a dark green trench coat and wearing a mask, he pointed the rifle at fellow students and fired a shot into the ceiling before the weapon jammed. This was no spur-of-the-moment act. It was a planned attack. The student's backpack contained military manuals, instructions on assembling an improvised explosive device and detailed drawings of the school. Moments before he fired the rifle, the boy said to a school administrator, "Please don't make me do this."

The outbreak of school shootings that have taken place over the past two decades has forced school officials, public leaders and parents to search for ways to prevent further bloodshed. In their attempts to make the schools safer, students have been forced to deal with draconian zero tolerance policies, heightened security, routine locker checks, guard dogs, metal detectors and numerous other invasions of their property and privacy.

Despite the precautions (all of which have proven to be altogether ineffective), other student-led shooting sprees and bloodshed followed, culminating with the most recent incident. To be sure, the instinctive response to this latest school shooting will be to appease parents by adopting measures that provide the appearance of increased security. However, enacting tighter zero tolerance policies and installing more metal detectors in the schools will do little to advance the dialogue on why such shootings happen in the first place.

One thing is clear: there are no easy solutions. In fact, there's so much that we don't know about school shooters. For example, a 2002 U.S. Secret Service report on school violence, based on interviews with students who had planned and executed school shootings, found that there is no profile for a school shooter. Shooters come from many types of families and from all incomes, races and academic backgrounds. And there are no easy explanations -- such as mental illness, drugs or video games -- for their actions.

Moreover, as the Secret Service report found, the shooters plan their shootings in advance. They "did not snap." According to the report, most shooters told their friends what they were planning. But the friends neither reported what they had been told nor tried to stop the shooters. And when the Secret Service asked former school shooters what they would have done if a teacher had asked them what was wrong, the shooters said they would have told the adult the truth, including their plans. But are we adults listening? As one school shooter recalls, "Most of them don't care. I just felt like nobody cared. I just wanted to hurt them."

In struggling to understand the teenage mind -- and find some motivation for the rash of school shootings of the past several years -- public leaders have targeted everything from the negative influence of movies to music to violent video games. Now the scapegoat seems to be bullying and peer pressure.

Evidently, something more sinister than disgruntled students is at work here. While there are conditions -- such as peer pressure, low self-esteem, childhood abuse, etc. -- that can trigger or facilitate violent behavior, we're facing a crisis that goes much deeper, one that has as much to do with a lack of spirituality and morality as it does with education, relationships and culture.

Young people have unfortunately become the casualties of our age. They know that something is dreadfully wrong, but many adults, busy trying to make ends meet and keep pace with the demands of work and raising a family, often do not hear when the kids scream for help. For example, at least one in 10 young people now believe life is not worth living. A 2009 survey of 16- to 25-year-olds by the Prince's Trust found "a significant core" for whom life had little or no purpose, especially among those not in school, work or training. More than a quarter of those polled felt depressed and were less happy than when they were younger. And almost "half said they were regularly stressed and many did not have anything to look forward to or someone they could talk to about their problems."

Paul Brown, director of communications at the Prince's Trust, noted that the study showed that there are thousands of young people who "desperately" need help: "Often, young people who feel they have reached rock bottom don't know where to turn for help." Family relationships help, but too often because of the fractured modern family, little support can be found in the family setting.

Indeed, our young people are members of a lost generation -- raised in a world where life has little to no value, the almighty dollar takes precedence and values are taught by primetime sitcoms and Saturday morning cartoons. They are being raised by television and the Internet and nourished on fast food. They are seeking comfort wherever they can find it -- in sex, drugs, music, each other. They are searching for hope and finding few answers to their questions about the meaning of life.

More so than any previous generation, young people are growing up in an age of overwhelming mass media, mixed messages and multitasking. The average American child lives in a house with 2.9 TVs, 1.8 VCRs, 3.1 radios, 2.6 tape players, 2.1 CD players and a computer. Forty-two percent of American homes are "constant TV households," meaning that a set is on most of the time. The average American watches television about four hours per day, and it consumes 40 percent of his or her free time.

Gone is the innocence of childhood. In a multitude of ways, children have been adultified, and their childhood is disappearing. Today's young people often know more about sex, drugs and violence than their adult counterparts. By the year 2000, 25 percent of U.S. teens were involved with weapons; 70 percent admitted cheating on tests in school; more than 15 percent had shown up for class drunk; and five million children -- including three-year-olds -- were regularly left home alone to care for themselves. As University of Edinburgh professor Stuart Aitken writes,

In short, the sense of a so-called disappearance of childhood is, in actuality, about the loss of a stable, seemingly natural foundation for social life that is clearly linked not only to laments over the lost innocence of childhood, but also a growing anger at and fear of young people.

No wonder life seems so meaningless to so many. According to a June 2009 study, 15 percent of American teens who were in 7th through 12th grades believe they will die before age 35 -- a perspective strongly linked to risky behavior. Activities related to such a pessimistic view of the future include attempting suicide, using illegal drugs, sustaining fight-related injuries that require medical care, engaging in unprotected sex, being arrested by the police and contracting HIV or AIDS.

Wherever these young people turn, life is chaotic -- wars, violence, environmental crises, oil depletion and terrorism, to name a few. Children are confronted on a daily basis with issues, images and material of all sorts -- abortion, drugs, alcohol, pornography -- and preyed upon by sexual predators, marketing mavens, even the government. Although teenagers can cope with a number of emotional hazards, with each additional hazard introduced, their resilience -- like soldiers in combat too long -- diminishes to such an extent that breakdowns are imminent. As Cornell University professor James Gabarino recognizes, one of the key factors leading to violence is a "spiritual emptiness" that brings on a feeling of not being connected to anything, of having no limits for behavior and no reverence for life.

Dr. James P. Comer, professor of psychiatry at Yale University's Child Study Center, suggests that in order to treat the damage done to the next generation,

We're going to have to work at systematically recreating the critical elements of community that once existed naturally. We can't go back to the past, but there was a time when people cared about each other and would look out for each other.

Is anyone listening?

 
 
 

Follow John W. Whitehead on Twitter: www.twitter.com/rutherford_inst

FOLLOW EDUCATION
 
 
  • Comments
  • 79
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3  Next ›  Last »  (3 total)
05:22 PM on 03/01/2012
I think the author fails to make a distinction that many authors keep missing on this subject!! Every single one of these shooters was a MALE but yet we continue to say young people in these articles, not young MEN. We need to make a distinction between boys an girls to best address this problem. I think there is a serious problem with young boys and men that we are not addressing. There are so many organizations that are targeted at helping young girls and women, but few that are targeted at helping young boys and men. We are taught as a society that boys and men do not need help, and furthermore that boys and men who reach out for help are NOT REAL MEN. We are taught that real men need to be tough and dominant. We need to create a culture that teaches boys and men that it is ok to talk about what their feelings and seek help when they need it! An interesting figure: although women are more likely to contemplate suicide, men are four times more likely to actually commit suicide. This can be largely attributed to the fact that men don't feel comfortable talking about what they're going through or are less likely to have a strong support network than women. We cannot group all teenagers in one bucket. We need to break down teenagers by attributes, background, and we need to START with GENDER!
06:05 PM on 02/29/2012
A lot of what the author describes is a result of a socio-economic culture predicated on ruthless commercial exploitation -- the commodification of everything, valorization of consumerism and materialism, and the pursuit of self over community. Add to this self-destructive mix the rampant evironmental destruction of such a system, peak oil and resource depletion, resource wars, the dismantling of public services in order to pay for the financial crimes of an out-of-control Wall Street, a democratic façade behind which an oligarchic-corporate state controls and orchestrates everything, et al., and you have a ticking time bomb that has been slowly releasing its pent up pressure.
11:35 AM on 02/29/2012
Schools must be safe places for students, not just physically safe but intellectually and emotionally safe as well. No learning happens when a child feels unsafe. Shootings are still rare -- not statistically even close to the threat automobiles pose. But bullying continues as it did when we were in school and must be addressed more effectively. The commercial anti-bullying programs often do little but I have one experience that was incredible, completely eliminating bullying and harassment in our high school. The key? Student ownership and dedication. See http://nogginstrain.blogspot.com/2011/11/true-story-end-to-bullying.html
10:45 AM on 02/29/2012
I think this young man was mentally disturbed - to jump to the conclusion that it is the "times" is ridiculous. Every generation has and had extenuating circumstances that could "cause" this - to go on and on as this author did is so easy - too easy - he likes to blab and is filled with self-importance.
11:08 PM on 02/28/2012
I see sadness, disconnect, anger, and lifeless kids everyday in the classroom and I am with second graders (7-8) yrs. old. I too believe that the major factor in this and many other of societies problems stems from the breakdown of families. Not just divorces, but lack of extended family members to help out when needed. The adults are so self-absorbed that they are oblivious to what is going on with their own children. Also, I see many parents who want to finger point and blame the schools when their children have repeated behavior issues, instead of looking at the real possibility that the child may have a problem, and ask for help in solving it .Many children have no real "play" time, go home to empty houses, watch far too much t.v.., have no adult interaction/conversations, don't get to go over to friend's houses to play...the list could go on an on. Yes, bullying is real, but has been around forever and yet my generation did not have school shootings. Violence is prevalent, glorified, made into a "game" and young kids are exposed to it in video games, movies, t.v., music, etc. and are immune to its destruction. Being poor, lacking in education, working long hours, etc. does not mean that your children have to grow up miserable. Parents are the first and FOREMOST determining factor in their children's success, character, and happiness. Grow-up parents and PARENT your children.
07:39 PM on 02/29/2012
When does a parent who is working double-shifts to pay the bills have time to parent his/her kids?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susan Shaffer
watching you...
08:16 PM on 02/29/2012
I married into a culture that has multigenerational family structure living in the one house or in houses close by. There is always someone there to look after the kids. It is also a culture that has a strict structure that parents must be listened to and respected. Sons expect that they will host their parents in their old age. It is also a country that is awash with guns and they are used too much like in usa.
My husband's family are overseas so I do not have that to lean on.
When the kids have come back from overseas they went through an unhappy period. They started blaming me for a lot of things. They are over it now. There were a lot of words to ensure that they were of the utmost importance to me. They like living here because there is more public activity. However I also realise that they miss overseas and the wealth of family connections. Watching TV is not the same as interacting with someone.
This site is quite interesting in explaining the different brain waves that happen with different activities.
http://www.causeof.org/brainwaves.htm
I also have my kids in after school activities. They swim, do athletics and soccer. I find that they also get very edgy and worn out.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
themightyabealrd
screw the real world-I'm an artist!
10:45 PM on 02/28/2012
We have become a society that accepts objectifying other people and treating them as objects or wallpaper. It used to be rude to stare at someone as if they were a tv screen. Now those who object to this practice are considered ill mannered. Once it was commonly understood that the fact of two doors at an entrance meant that those entering would use one and those exiting would take the other These days it is very common to have a stranger push past and even into one who opens a door-even though another is right there, available and not in use. The 'pusher' does not see the door user as a human being, just as a thing that's in their way and/or holding a door open so that they don't have to make any effort.
From such little things a mindset that dehumanizes can arise. Angry? Upset? Feeling disrespected? just shoot some of those 'things' and you'll feel better.
10:13 PM on 02/28/2012
Several of these mass murder events have evidence they were caused by a litle known problem of physiology capable of causing a mental break. The Virginia Tech, Redlake Tribal school, Jokela Finland shooting and the Atlanta Day Trader shooting all had this problem involved.

It remains to be seen if Subliminal Distraction caused this one too.

Anyone with a computer at home or a child in high school, college should be aware of Subliminal Distraction. It makes a difference where you locate your desktop computer and how you use your laptop.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susan Shaffer
watching you...
08:17 PM on 02/29/2012
Hi Larry, I went to your site after one of your other posts. Interesting.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
simplesins
A step left of center among right-leaning corn
10:03 PM on 02/28/2012
It seems ridiculous to blame this on the availability of guns. Guns have been around for quite some time, and it's only in the last 20 or so years that a few kids have started using them in their classroom. Some people, myself included, like to mock the GOP for the boogeymen it creates, but to blame these spree killings on the NRA is just as absurd. You've got kids in inner cities killing each other with illegally obtained weapons, so I'm not sure why you think gun control will magically solve a much more complex problem.

That being said, I think the biggest part of the problem is bullying and isolation. I also think social networking has made the problem worse because now the humiliation and torment are shared internationally. We can say "It Gets Better" until we're blue in the face, but saying it doesn't make it so. Eavesdropping at a restaurant, listening to parents, reading the paper, TV, etc., and it's clear that the bullies still thrive. And watching their parents work and work and work and still get nowhere while some bully on TV says it's their own fault for being stupid, watching reality TV where it's all about taking advantage of the weak.

Unless this whole country has a miraculous metamorphosis and start celebrating ALL individuals, acknowledging that people have value just being human, nothing is going to change, and if we continue the path we're on, it can't help but get worse.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Susan Shaffer
watching you...
08:20 PM on 02/29/2012
it is and it isn't guns.
it is guns because they are available in numbers that you do not see in other western developed countries and those other countries do not have the shootings.
See Larry Tucker's comment about computers and Subliminal distraction. This is a broader explanation of a lot of incidents not just these shootings.
But the shootings have only happened since computers.
photo
OdinsEye
Korean-Latino cop and retired military combat vet
11:12 AM on 03/01/2012
Firearms were easier to get decades ago. School shootings were nearly unheard of back then. Heck, I can remember schools having gunsmithing as a shop class.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
stellablu
Seeking Justice me and the SPLC!
10:02 PM on 02/28/2012
I see a very sad and depressed young man who acted out his emotions violently! The cry for help that no one really heard! This young mans role models were violent parents who modeled how you deal with conflict thru the use of force, power and domestic abuse! Sad commentary for him and the victims of his rage and pain!
10:33 AM on 03/01/2012
This is what it comes down to right here. People are making all sorts of social commentary on the newest generation but none of that is the reason this happened. His parents were, for all intensive purposes, monsters. He was raised in an environment of fear and taught that violence was an acceptable answer. I feel sad for the victims but I'm also sad to hear the life this kid had to put up with.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
stellablu
Seeking Justice me and the SPLC!
10:50 AM on 03/01/2012
Absolutely!
09:39 PM on 02/28/2012
The author says "we've been caught in the grip of a cycle of school violence that started almost 20 years ago:..did they not do their research? School shootings go back alot farther than the last 20 years (see my link below)...perhaps they have increased a bit over the last 20 years, however, I think they have also gained more attention with the media, especially in the age of the internet. Anyone remember the media frenzy when Columbine happened? I was a senior in high school that year, and as another poster stated I'm not sure I'm over it either. The world is a scary place out there...and look at the adults. How many murder-suicides have folks read about over the past year? Perhaps the focus should be on mental illness...other than that I unfortunately do not have a clear answer.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_shooting
photo
OdinsEye
Korean-Latino cop and retired military combat vet
09:32 PM on 02/28/2012
In 1934 we enacted one of the first of our modern national gun control laws. Since then, we have made it harder and harder to buy firearms, banning mail order sales, setting age limits, forbidding certain people from owning firearms, restricting what kinds of firearms we can own, etc. For 75+ years we have tried this tactic of focusing on the object used in crimes instead of the causes of crime. You would think we would have learned our lesson with Prohibition, but no, we didn't. IT ISN'T WORKING! How much longer are we going to keep this up, passing more and more restriction, and keep expecting a different result?

STOP!. It is long past time for a paradigm shift. How about, instead of obsessing over the object used, we instead focus on the actual causes of violence? Things like ethics, education, economics, and the glorification of violence?

If our kids throw rocks through windows, we don't restrict access to rocks. We address the behavior and what caused it.
05:23 PM on 03/17/2012
You hit the nail right on the head here.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
turf1
09:24 PM on 02/28/2012
I feel the need to take the author to task on the one line dismissing bullying and peer preasure as a scapegoat. He never mentions if the former shooters interviewed were ever asked about being bullied. And yet it is mentioned by witnesses in a majority of these shootings.

"While there are conditions -- such as peer pressure, low self-esteem, childhood abuse, etc. -- that can trigger or facilitate violent behavior"

The description peer preasure and low self-esteem sounds like elements of bullying to me. The author does not list any experience in mental health or school administraton and yet he takes bullying out of the equation? Looking at the authors bio there is no reference to teaching, counseling, or mental helth of any sort. So why should I take his opinion on mental health as an expert opinion?
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Skepticat
Supporting skeptical felines everywhere
07:10 PM on 02/28/2012
The writer implied that if teachers showed more interest in the students personal problems these incidents would stop - I don't necessarily totally disagree either - BUT we are now doing our very best to make schools even more of an un-fun pressure cooker - kids don't succeed regardless of circumstances let's fire the teacher - low test scores - close the school - and let's expect the teachers to detect and coach the severely disturbed - and maybe as suggested by some state politicians expect them to all have CCW permits just in case making nice doesn't work.
Imagine the increased pressure of such environments then add a few gallons of angst and poor coping skills - maybe a scoop of bullying, a dash of unsupportve destructive home environments, easy access to a Glock or Mac-10, and constant yammering about 2nd amendment solutions. Why is anybody surprized at the outcome?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dancerctry
I love Gardening and Decorating
07:10 PM on 02/28/2012
I'm guessing the link is attention. Teenagers still need their parents attention but in this busy and overworked (and underpaid) country adults are constantly working and stressing over finances. It's easy to forget to pay attention to your kids when they are being good. So kids do bad things to get their parent's attention and get a craving for the bad things because "being bad feels so good" and push the limits.

I was a senior in High School in NJ when Columbine happened. I still don't think I'm over it. I keep thinking of different articles I read not long after it happened. They had things depicting violence all over their room and had written about this in journals. How did they buy guns unnoticed? The parent's weren't paying attention. Teens might not out right say their thoughts but if something troubling is on their minds, their behaviors are altered. Attentive parents notice that change and talk with them about their issues. Being a teenager is hard, guidance (without feeling like you are being told what to do) is needed.

My son is 2 1/2 and started preschool in January. It didn't take long for him to talk about "angry birds" I used to hate the "trash pack" toy my mom got him but I'll take that over something that associates "angry" with "cool". That's not how I want his views to develop.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
charleyvldm9
He thinks outside the box.
06:42 PM on 02/28/2012
Do schools still carry, out security checks? This one did'nt.