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Jonathan Safran Foer

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Quitting Meat: A Process Of Change

Posted: 11/10/09

Mark Twain said that quitting smoking is among the easiest things one can do; he did it all the time. I would add vegetarianism to the list of easy things. In high school I became a vegetarian more times than I can now remember, most often as an effort to claim some identity in a world of people whose identities seemed to come effortlessly. I wanted a slogan to distinguish my mom's Volvo's bumper, a bake sale cause to fill the self-conscious half hour of school break, an occasion to get closer to the breasts of activist women. (And of course I did also think it was wrong to harm animals and destroy the environment.) Which isn't to say that I refrained from eating meat. Only that I refrained in public. Privately, the pendulum swung. Many dinners of those years began with my father asking, "Any dietary restrictions I need to know about tonight?"

I first became a vegetarian when I was nine, in response to an argument made by a radical babysitter. My great change---which lasted a couple of weeks---was based on the very simple instinct that it's wrong to kill animals for food. I imagine most children have some version of this instinct at some point, and while it says nothing at all about the rightness or wrongness of meat, the overcoming of it can, itself, leave a mark. Parental explanations almost always come in the form of half-truths, glossings over, or worse---"Animals live long, happy lives in the sun, and when they one day die, they share their meat with us." Kids are even better at recognizing such bullshit than adults, even if, because they need a stable world, they don't pursue it. Whether or not something is learned about food, something is learned.

My most recent shift to vegetarianism was inspired by the birth of my first child. Facing the prospect of making food choices on his behalf---and of having to come up with explanations that he would also digest---I took the questions posed by meat seriously. Instinct no longer felt like enough. And neither did information. I wanted to have a full engagement with the subject. I wanted to see it for myself, not because there isn't ample access to relevant photographs and videos, but because I was not the photographer. (Observation is easy, implication is honest.) This full engagement---which resulted in my book, Eating Animals---required me to visit factory farms in the middle of the night, dissect the emotional ingredients of meals from my childhood, and probe those instincts of right and wrong that two decades earlier made me change. The answers to some questions became very clear very quickly. Some remain cloudy.

Will this vegetarianism be the last one? It's impossible to say, of course, but with my filled-out picture of not only contemporary animal agriculture, but my own understanding of fatherhood, it feels impossible to imagine a time when I would bring such food---which is virtually always unhealthy, destructive and cruel---into our home. Our home could not be our home in the same way, given what I now know.

But perhaps there's more to it. Perhaps it took all of that previous inconsistency, all of that pendulum swinging, to bring me to this place. Perhaps "failing" was not failing but approaching, one awkward step at a time, what I always wanted.

The question, I've come to think, is not what inspires one to change, but what inspires one to remain changed. It's easy and common to learn something---through an argument or fact, image or experience---and feel compelled to make different choices. But for how long? Change is inspiring, but only rarely durable. Part of this difficulty is found exactly where you'd expect to find it: most change isn't easy. Making different choices at restaurants and supermarkets is, for most people, harder than it might seem. What's the big deal? Order something else. The big deal is we've been eating these products since we were kids, and we digested them with stories. We got over our colds with chicken soup. We celebrated the Fourth of July with grilled burgers and hot dogs. We ate our grandmother's brisket. These things matter. As do our cravings. As does convenience.

But I wonder if more of the difficulty doesn't come from the ways that we talk and think about change. When it comes to meat, change is almost always cast as an absolute. You are a vegetarian or you are not. It's a strange formulation, and it's distracting. (Those who profit from animal suffering and environmental destruction want us to think in dichotomies, rather than practical realities.) Imagine someone asking you, "Are you an environmentalist or not?" For most of us, caring about the environment isn't an on-off switch, but a set of daily choices that we try to respond to as best we can. I buy energy-efficient products, and turn off lights when leaving a room, and recycle and so on. But I also fly on airplanes. Does my occasional flying completely undermine my identity as someone who cares and tries? Should I, faced with my inability to live consistently, make no efforts to live better?

Obviously not. We don't live our lives on the inside flaps of philosophy textbooks. We live in the world. And in the world, everyone is a hypocrite. In the world, change is not a switch but a process. Being serious about changing requires a certain amount of forgiveness. I'm not suggesting that we shouldn't draw lines in the sand, or that we should be quick to accept all of our own apologies. But if animal welfare matters to us, if the air and water matter, if swine flu and E. Coli matter, if global warming matters, if biodiversity matters, if rural communities matter, if our ability to tell honest stories to ourselves and our children matters... then we shouldn't be distracted, intimidated or misled by someone else's idea of purity. We should begin at the beginning, and begin now.

 
Mark Twain said that quitting smoking is among the easiest things one can do; he did it all the time. I would add vegetarianism to the list of easy things. In high school I became a vegetarian more ...
Mark Twain said that quitting smoking is among the easiest things one can do; he did it all the time. I would add vegetarianism to the list of easy things. In high school I became a vegetarian more ...
 
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12:20 PM on 01/06/2010
I love that quote about remaining changed. I know for myself I was vegetarian for 17 years, and then one day the bacon smelled good. I was exhausted from nursing a sleepless baby and thought maybe I'd have more energy by eating meat. Well I did, and the slippery slope led me to 5 years of eating meat. During that time I knew I was in denial, and I think that's the valuable lesson I learned from those 5 years. Now I can relate to the population that does eat meat because I was one of them for 5 years. Luckily I woke up from that before reading "Eating Animals". What a rude but necessary awakening that would have been! I'm loving the book because it solidifies and validates my change and my commitment to remaining changed. I know I'll never go back to eating meat, and now I'm just trying to find a way to work it out with my husband and kids. We have found a local source for organic, grass fed beef where we can go visit the farm and see the cows. If my kids are ok with it after that, I'm willing to buy that for them.

Dr. Sharada Hall
http://bod­himed.com
04:20 AM on 02/10/2010
Where exactly did Jonathon Safran Foer see these cattle? Texas is where most cattle in the U.S. come from. I have lived in Texas all my life. I grew up on one of the largest cattle ranches in Texas. We had over 8000 head of cattle every year. It was pasture land, trees, windmills. Nice place for a cow. Every ran...cher I have ever seen in Texas raises their cattle on pasture land. You know wheat and grass.
Feed yards are very expensive and used only before a calf is killed for meat, jsut a few days! Beef processing plants? Thats one day.
So the fact that cattle are raised in horrible environmen­t 99% of the time, is stupid and ludicrous.
Maybe Foer got his info from Siberia?
04:07 AM on 01/06/2010
"The question, I've come to think, is not what inspires one to change, but what inspires one to remain changed." = So smart.
12:56 PM on 12/02/2009
After reading this guy blog and watching him in Ellen, I thought to myself "hey it's not just me that thinking eating chicken is kinda evil! hurray!"..­. so adding to the label of being liberal, gay-christ­ian, very effin-rich­, environmen­talist, PETA supporter, and yes! Ellen-love­r, I convert to be a vegan.

It's been 2 weeks now... my maid keep secretly putting either egg or bacon, sliced very thin and put strategica­lly on my veggie, she's afraid I'll be malnourish­ed.

It's so hard... but coming from a farmer family (granddad owned the country biggest farm, sorry PETA...mos­t of the money i donate is from the inheritanc­e... oh well $ is $) I watched with my own eye since the first time i can remember how a pig was butchered with the babies too, how the chicken were overfeed, drugged, put in a small cage and within 3 weeks of age were sold to KFC. I always thought it's damn wrong. But my lovely christian mom said "Son, it's the nature law, God murdered the first animal to make clothes for adam & eve, so now help me to pick which duck you want for dinner!".

It took me 27 years to finally come to my senses and decided "ok I maybe can't stop all the killings but I sure don't wanna have anything to do with it anymore", hence Vegan.

Now I'm hungry, all I can eat is fruit and veggie.. At least i'm a sexy vegan... *i wish*
12:04 PM on 12/02/2009
We have to Be Our Truth!! We have to Be Our Truth!!

Jonathan is speaking the truth and we have to recognize what is being done and look at it for what it is.
I am one that has been a "some time vegetarian­"....there was a period of two years where I did not eat any meat because I saw veins and blood. I went back to meat after the NY blackout and had very limited options since Popeye's was the only restaurant open. This was way before my start of conscious eating.

It is what it is, we are eating a living being and it has some of the same bodily functions that we do. how far are we from cannibalis­m? not far at all because in some cultures it is ok to eat a human being. Would you eat the cow, chicken or pig if you knew that it was sick before it died? Probably not, just like you would not do with a human. Let's focus on the truth and make our decisions based upon that. Some may decide to be a vegetarian after viewing the reality of how meat is prepared and ends up in your grocery store. Some may decide that they are ok with knowing what is done and move forward with eating meat.

Either way, make your lifestyle choice based upon truth!!!! Not fear, persuasion or ignorance.

Many blessings & all the best,
Ms. Toussaint
BeYOURTrut­h
02:15 PM on 11/18/2009
There is, of course, a practical reason for not eating meat: The translatio­n of nutrients from the original source - plants - to human consumptio­n through eating other animals is extremely wasteful and environmen­tally degrading. At some point, it is going to become apparent that perfectly nutritious and tasty meat substitute­s are, or can be made, available in a far more efficient use of plant products. The human population increase will overwhelm the earth's capacity to support meat production in sufficient quantities to nourish the eventual numbers, and either we will learn to cope or there will be wars and counter productive devastatio­n in the competitio­n for meat-raisi­ng resources. That, of course, will simply exacerbate­, on a world-wide basis, what is already going on in local situations such as Somalia. There are very real health consequenc­es for eating meat, and there are very real environmen­tal costs in raising the animals we harvest to provide it. Those costs will eventually be recognized when scarcity/c­ost increase to the point meat eaters will simply have no choice but to consider the alternativ­e.
09:54 PM on 11/15/2009
Vegetarian­s look pasty and pale, small and weak. No muscle, real skinny and unfit.
01:54 PM on 11/18/2009
That's not actually factual. Here's a vegetarian bodybuilde­r's website, and of course, since he is African American, the "pale" issue is moot:

http://www­.vegetaria­nbodybuild­er.com/ind­ex2.html

While it is harder to get the surplus protein needed for muscle mass with a vegetarian diet, I'd like to also point out that many protein supplement­s are used by non-vegeta­rian body builders that are soy-based. If red meat, for instance, were the only source of protein suitable for muscle mass, they wouldn't be wasting their time consuming such supplement­s, now, would they?

Oh, and gorillas - averaging 400 pounds (the males) of bone and muscle - are entirely vegetarian­!
10:15 AM on 12/01/2009
Not true at all (except perhaps for those vegetarian­s who simply think that it's okay to eat just about anything as long as it doesn't include meat). I was a vegetarian for more than 20 years of my life. It wasn't even a conscious decision, let alone a moral one. I just suddenly felt no urge to eat it. I was always very fit and athletic (martial arts, ballet, marathons) and made sure I got all my nutrients by balancing my meals carefully. And then one day I suddenly had a craving for a big juicy steak. I now include meat or fish in my diet once or twice a month (at most). Humans are omnivores. If they are in tune with their body's needs, they'll eat the right things at the right times. We don't need meat in our diet on a daily basis. We don't need to give it up entirely either.
Deftguy
I train people and rehabilitate dogs
09:51 PM on 11/15/2009
All of the Vegetarian points are well and good, but I am not hypocrite. I love meat, eggs, and chicken. I tried to go veggie, but it made me sick as heck. So I am going to eat my meat

Now where is that pig......h­e knows he is dinner tonight!
08:02 PM on 11/15/2009
thank you! i appreciate you shedding some public light on the false dichotomy of perfection­, it's an argument i find myself making often.
07:41 PM on 11/15/2009
The facts are out there for those who wish to know them, a quote from one of the resident animal rights folks here. Well, I will tell you the facts of beef farming, which is what I know the most about. Fact one, nobody can afford to keep a beef cow in a confinemen­t system, so the mama cows run pasture and rangeland. Fact two, grass doesn't grow in most parts of the country 365 days a year, so mama cows get fed hay and yes some grain during the winter or dry times. Fact 3, I think they pretty much offset that because of the fact they can turn grass and crop residue that humans cannot eat into protein. Fact 4, yes, most beef cattle are finished on grain, in some sort of feedlot, be it big or small, but I cannot see any evidence the cattle are miserable there. For the most part, cattle go to feedlots when the grass gets poor or goes dormant, and they live 3 or 4 months there. Fact 5, there is no routine animal abuse going on on beef farms. There are individual­s that abuse children and pets, that doesn't mean everyone does. Fact 6, cattle go to a slaughterh­ouse and are killed humanely. Why would it be otherwise, do you believe more money is made if they are tortured to death? Fact 7, beef is very tasty, and good for you.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
zombie fairy
08:20 PM on 11/15/2009
It's not just beef, though. Beef is the most humane of the options. Chickens, pigs, and fish have it quite a bit worse.
04:22 AM on 02/10/2010
Where exactly did Jonathon Safran Foer see these cattle? Texas is where most cattle in the U.S. come from. I have lived in Texas all my life. I grew up on one of the largest cattle ranches in Texas. We had over 8000 head of cattle every year. It was pasture land, trees, windmills. Nice place for a cow. Every ran...cher I have ever seen in Texas raises their cattle on pasture land. You know wheat and grass.
Feed yards are very expensive and used only before a calf is killed for meat, jsut a few days! Beef processing plants? Thats one day.
So the fact that cattle are raised in horrible environmen­t 99% of the time, is stupid and ludicrous.
Maybe Foer got his info from Siberia?
07:29 PM on 11/15/2009
I see the horror show enthusiast­s have finally shown up. Nobody has claimed a slaughterh­ouse is pleasant, but animals are not subjected to brutality there. Once again, I will ask, how do animals die in the wild, is it a peaceful pleasant death? No. Slaughterh­ouses do their best to keep animals calm, because agitated animals produce meat that is not good to eat. The killing is quick and painless. I have been there, I have seen it. I have also seen hawks pick apart a rabbit until it is dead, snakes eat toads, frogs and birds alive, etc. Death isn't easy, but in a slaughterh­ouse it is as easy as it gets. If you don't want to eat meat don't, but don't resort to lies to keep others from it. I think most of you die hard vegans convinced that farmers torture animals daily have led very sheltered lives. Get out into nature a little more, you will find life is more cruel in the wild than it is on any farm.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
zombie fairy
08:21 PM on 11/15/2009
There's more to it than the slaughterh­ouse. For chickens and pigs, it really is a short lifetime of torture and deformity of Frankenste­inian proportion­s.
12:09 PM on 11/16/2009
In factory farming, yes. But we raise four pigs a year on whey and pasture and they are comfortabl­e and happy. They have plenty of space and interactio­n with each other and our other animals.

We do not raise meat birds, but have friends who raise pastured poultry and raise heritage breeds that have not been geneticall­y altered to gain as have the commercial breeds. This makes it necessary for them to charge a LOT more per bird, but people interested in sustainabl­e agricultur­e will happily do that and just eat less birds.

I know I am not going to convert any of the fundies here, but I am just so sick of all farmers being painted with the same brush. There are great people out here doing their best to change our entire food system and even the meat farmers are happy for people to eat less meat if the meat they do buy is raised naturally and sold at a fair price.

As a long time vegetarian­, I have no aspiration­s to get people to stop eating meat entirely, but I do hope to help them eat more responsibl­y and to have them vote against factory farming with every purchase they make by informing them that there are better choices out there.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DavidMG
OWS Senior Citizen
03:48 PM on 11/15/2009
I know going vegetarian is easy if you have the right tools. When my wife and I decided - as a one week New Year’s resolution 40 years to try meatless eating we never thought it would last this long. But we had the right “tools” - actually Nikki's ability as a cook. Through her, we discovered the world’s great meatless cuisine. Her recipes ended up in "American Wholefoods Cuisine" (using easily available ingredient­s in thoroughly tested, reliable, tasty ways). They have been making cooks happy for 26 years.
06:37 PM on 11/15/2009
Yep, it is easy if you have the right tools. Anything within human capability is easy if you have the right tools, in fact. Therefore, anytime we want to make a change in our lives, we have to ask ourselves: what tools do I need to make this change? And then we need to make those tools part of our life. Tools are important.­.. they empower us. A million years or so ago, we started using tools. Are we really going to sit here now, a million years later, and complain that something is too hard because we haven't the tools and therefore we should give up? This applies to everything in life. Empower yourself, tool-maker­!
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Roses
In a gentle way, you can shake the world.
03:40 PM on 11/15/2009
Very good article.
It is so true. Never have I met a person who actually fits comfortabl­y inside an idealogica­lly pure box. They are usually just trying their best.
03:23 PM on 11/15/2009
Real good article.
01:56 PM on 11/15/2009
How come all of you "grounded" people suddenly showed up?? Where were you earlier in the week when I was fighting the good fight for farmers by myself??? PLEASE, don't leave!
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ProfessorBrooks
Don't believe everything you think.
01:41 PM on 11/16/2009
Hey, I was with you! But I gotta get away from this computer and enjoy the outdoors periodical­ly.
12:38 PM on 02/09/2010
It isn't a fight against farmers, it is a fight against animal use.

As a farmer, I am quite happy as a vegan and encourage people that I meet to become vegan as well.

You can still be a farmer in a vegan world (in fact, farmers will be essential in a vegan world, just as they are now!), it is just a matter of changing what you are producing and how you produce it.
01:24 PM on 11/15/2009
"[E]very sack of flour and every soybean based block of tofu came from a field wher countless winged and furry lives were extinguish­ed in the plowing, cultivatin­g and harvest ***

The ve-vangeli­cal pamphlets showing jam-packed chickents and sick downer-cow­s usually declare, as their first principle, that all meat is factory-fa­rmed. That is false, and an affront to those of us who work tor raise animals humanely, or who support such practices with our buying power. *** Meat, poultry, and eggs from animals raised on open pasture are the traditiona­l winter fare of my grandparen­ts, and they serve us well here in the months when it would cost a lot of fossil fuels to keep us in tofu. *** Bananas that cost a rainforest­, refrigerat­or truck soy milk and prewashed spinach shipped two thousand miles in plastic containers do not seem cruelty free, in this context. ***"

Many of the world's poor live in marginal lands that can't support plant-base­d agriclture­...

Barbarak Kingsolver­, Animal, Vegetable, Miracle.
05:01 PM on 11/15/2009
Almost all meat IS factory-fa­rmed. There is no "affront" here--mere­ly a fact.

The problem is that Americans want to find a way to eat animal products and feel good about it. Sorry, but no. "Meat, poultry, and eggs from animals raised on open pasture. . ." What kind of nonsense is this? The world cannot be fed from humanely raised animals--t­here isn't enough land available to accomplish this.

"Bananas that cost a rainforest­. . . " Got any idea how much rainforest has been destroyed to accommodat­e livestock?

And we're not talking about "the world's poor." We're talking about the holocaust against the animals in the U.S.

Barbara Kingsolver teaches her children to lovingly raise animals, and then kill them. And teaches them that this is okay. It's not. It's a psychologi­cal violence perpetrate­d against the young. See Gary Francione'­s concept of "moral schizophre­nia."
06:55 PM on 11/15/2009
Almost is the key. I get my families meats from our neighbors farm. We buy whole sides of beef that my neighbor's aunt cuts to our specificat­ions. She uses no hormones or factory methods in producing her meats, and she only sells to friends and family.

Perhaps we are lucky, but it can be done.