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A Forecast of the 2010 House Election Outcome

Posted: 08/27/10 01:23 PM ET

How many House seats will the Republicans gain in 2010? To answer this question, we have run 1,000 simulations of the 2010 House elections. The simulations are based on information from past elections going back to 1946. Our methodology replicates that for our ultimately successful forecast of the 2006 midterm. Two weeks before Election Day in 2006, we posted a prediction that the Democrats would gain 32 seats and recapture the House majority. The Democrats gained 30 seats in 2006. Our current forecast for 2010 shows that the Republicans are likely to regain the House majority.

Our preliminary 2010 forecast will appear (with other forecasts by political scientists) in the October issue of PS: Political Science. By our reckoning, the most likely scenario is a Republican majority in the neighborhood of 229 seats versus 206 for the Democrats for a 50-seat loss for the Democrats. Taking into account the uncertainty in our model, the Republicans have a 79% chance of winning the House.

The model has two steps. Step 1 predicts the midterm vote division from only two variables -- the generic poll result and the party of the president. With this estimate of the partisan tide in place, step 2 forecasts the winners of 435 House races using separate statistical models for open seats and races with incumbent candidates. At each step, the forecast takes into account uncertainty about the inputs.

First, we simulate 1,000 separate outcomes of the national vote. The pooled generic polls
conducted 121 to 180 days in advance of the 2010 election show a very close division of 49.1% Democratic and 50.9% Republican. But a near tie in the polls in mid-summer projects to a significant vote plurality for the Republicans in November, close to a 53%-47% split. This prediction is not due to any bias in the polls, but rather stems from the electorate's tendency in past midterm cycles to gravitate further toward the "out" party over the election year -- ultimately gaining about two extra points beyond what summer polls would otherwise show.

The national vote only tells us part of the story, and we still need to determine how it would translate into seats. For each of the 1000 simulated values of the national vote, we simulate the outcome in 435 congressional districts. Open seats and incumbent seats are treated separately. Open-seat outcomes are estimated based on the simulated national vote swing plus the 2008 presidential vote in that district. Outcomes with the incumbent on the ballot are estimated based on the simulated national swing plus the incumbent's vote margin in 2008 and whether the incumbent is running as a freshman. The weight that these variables are given in predicting the final outcome depends on their explanatory power in past elections. Full details are presented in our forthcoming PS paper.

To sum up, first we generated 1,000 simulations of the national vote. Then, we applied each of the 1,000 simulated national outcomes to each congressional district, noting the party of the "winner." For each of the 1,000 simulated outcomes of the national vote, we project the partisan division of the 435 congressional districts.

The figure below displays the range of simulated results. As can be seen from the predominance of red bars, the Republicans win the majority of seats in 79% of the trials. On average, the Republicans win 229 seats, 23 more than the Democrats and 11 more than the 218 needed for a majority. However, the simulations yield considerable variation, with a 95% confidence interval of 176 to 236 Republican seats.

This prediction comes with important caveats. Applying our model to 2010 assumes that the forces at work in 2010 are unchanged from past midterm elections. However, we should be wary of the possibility that the underlying model of the national vote works differently in 2010 or is influenced by variables we have not taken into account. Because the 2010 campaign started to heat up earlier than usual, the usual tilt toward the out party may already be complete, with no further drift to the Republicans. It is also uncertain how voters will react to the tea-party movement as the public face of the Republican Party.

The key will be to follow the generic polls from now to November. If the polls stay close, the Democrats have a decent chance to hold the House. But if the polls follow the past pattern of moving toward the "out" party and move further toward the Republicans -- even by a little -- the Republicans should be heavily favored.


Joseph Bafumi is an assistant professor in the government department at Dartmouth College. Robert S. Erikson is a professor in the political science department and faculty fellow at the Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy at Columbia University. Christopher Wlezien is a professor in the political science department and faculty affiliate in the Institute for Public Affairs at Temple University.

 
How many House seats will the Republicans gain in 2010? To answer this question, we have run 1,000 simulations of the 2010 House elections. The simulations are based on information from past elections...
How many House seats will the Republicans gain in 2010? To answer this question, we have run 1,000 simulations of the 2010 House elections. The simulations are based on information from past elections...
 
 
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03:04 PM on 09/07/2010
My prediction: Republicans take the House, but not the Senate. Not good enough to rollback the damage done by this administration, but enough to stop it in it's tracks.

Good enough.
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chiefpayne
01:44 PM on 09/07/2010
James Leo,

"So what are they going to do? Cut taxes? deregulate, cut entitlements thats going to make things better?"

Among other things, yes.

"Didn't we try this from 2000 on?"

Um, up until 2006...now Bush inherited a worsening economy and was working to make it better until 9/11 hit. Now we were recovering and doing ok...but the Democrats, if you recall, took the legislature in 2006. After that, it was a Democratic House and Senate...and as we all know, the Congress holds the pursestrings.

Now, can you tell me how the stimulus has recovered the economy? It appears to have made a small jump but only for as long as the money held out. Point is, government cannot create jobs, it can only create an environment for creating jobs.
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11:49 PM on 09/02/2010
OK so the GOP is going to win! I think that is a given right now. So what are they going to do?
Cut taxes? deregulate, cut entitlements thats going to make things better? Didn't we try this from 2000 on? If the economy does not improve in 2011 and on it becomes their problem as well. if it worsens they will be blames. If they continue to bash immigration (they need villains thats how they work) What happens to the growing Hispanic voting bloc (who is not going to be that inspired because they are mad at the Democrats for not doing what they were put their to do.
01:38 PM on 09/07/2010
we're going to take a look under the hood. finally, investigative power over the corrupt Chicago machine. what's uncovered could cripple Democrats for a generation.
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andiannj
03:02 PM on 09/07/2010
I can't speak for the rest of the country, but the Hispanic voting block is very inspired here in AZ. 30% of AZ's citizens are Hispanic and add to that the Liberals and I really think AZ will turn blue.

Also, the Tea Party here is threatening to stay home in Nov because McCain beat Hayworth.

'J.D. Hayworth Election Night Fiesta Turns to I-Hate-John-McCain-Apalooza as J.D. Concedes' - http://tiny.cc/2yiu3
09:17 AM on 09/02/2010
Interesting take by Sabato

But conditions have deteriorated badly for Democrats over the summer. The economy appears rotten, with little chance of a substantial comeback by November 2nd. Unemployment is very high, income growth sluggish, and public confidence quite low. The Democrats’ self-proclaimed “Recovery Summer” has become a term of derision, and to most voters—fair or not—it seems that President Obama has over-promised and under-delivered.

Given what we can see at this moment, Republicans have a good chance to win the House by picking up as many as 47 seats. This estimate, which may be raised or lowered by Election Day, is based on a careful district-by-district analysis, plus electoral modeling based on trends in President Obama’s Gallup job approval rating and the Democratic-versus-Republican congressional generic ballot. If anything, we have been conservative in estimating the probable GOP House gains, if the election were being held today.

In the Senate, we now believe the GOP will do a bit better than our long-time prediction of +7 seats. Republicans have an outside shot at winning full control (+10), but are more likely to end up with +8 or +9. If the Republican wave on November 2 is as large as some polls are suggesting it may be, then the surprise on election night could be a full GOP takeover

Read more: http://dailycaller.com/2010/09/02/sixty-days-until-midterm-elections/#ixzz0yNSe8Ind
12:03 AM on 09/01/2010
People are wising up and realizing that the economy started tanking just after the dems took over the purse strings in Congress2007. Before 2007, I never worried about losing my job, even with dot com bust recession Bush inherited and then 911. Bush's tax cuts helped keep this country from going into a depression after the dot com burst. Now people have seen that the Dem's economic theory's do not work! As seen during the first depression, they just prolong the depression and in fact make it much worse and stretch for years!
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andiannj
01:45 AM on 09/01/2010
How many jobs were created during the Bush admin?
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chiefpayne
01:52 PM on 09/07/2010
Apparently enough to keep unemployment at around 6% or so. And the Bush Administration didn't create jobs...just as the Obama Administration has not created jobs.

All a government can do is cultivate an environment to create private sector jobs.

Unless, of course, you're talking about increasing the government bureaucracy...THAT a government can in fact do.
01:53 PM on 09/07/2010
I'm not sure you can really count it very well. A president inherits a budget and an economy (which may be good or bad) from his predecessor. I believe his first budget doesn't happen until late in his first year.

Furthermore, you can't blame a president as much as his congress for this. So you can't give all credit or place all blame on Bush no more than you can Clinton Bush 1, or Reagan.

All you can really do is look at the policies that are put forth to fight a bad economy or sustain/grow a good one.
11:20 PM on 08/30/2010
Some more bad news if you are a democrat.

GOP Takes Ten Point Lead In 2010 Generic Ballot

Doug Mataconis | Monday, August 30, 2010

The latest Gallup Generic Ballot poll is enough to send Democrats on Capitol Hill heading for the bunkers:

PRINCETON, NJ — Republicans lead by 51% to 41% among registered voters in Gallup weekly tracking of 2010 congressional voting preferences. The 10-percentage-point lead is the GOP’s largest so far this year and is its largest in Gallup’s history of tracking the midterm generic ballot for Congress.

The Republican leads of 6, 7, and 10 points this month are all higher than any previous midterm Republican advantage in Gallup’s history of tracking the generic ballot, which dates to 1942. Prior to this year, the highest such gap was five points, measured in June 2002 and July 1994. Elections in both of these years resulted in significant Republican gains in House seats.

http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/gop-takes-ten-point-lead-in-2010-generic-ballot/
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andiannj
03:12 PM on 09/07/2010
The Dems were ahead in July. - http://www.gallup.com/poll/141440/democrats-jump-six-point-lead-generic-ballot.aspx

There's plenty of time left for things to turn around.
06:04 PM on 08/30/2010
One person stated that we were moving from a housing based economy and that is why it would take so long to recover jobs, etc. It make me curious. I went to the Employment situation at the Bureau of Labor statistics to see where are the jobs.

Any guesses which industry is the largest employer? Government (all levels) is 16.3%
Next on the list is Healthcare at 12.4%
Retail is next at 11.2%

Then Leisure at 10.6%
Followed by Manufacturing at 9.0%
Financial services at 6.0%
Professional services at 5.7%
Finally we get to housing or construction at 4.8%

This accounts for about 75% of all the jobs in the USA. I found it interesting. So where do you think the jobs will come from as we recover? The stimulus pretty much was used to shore up the 16.3% who work for government.
12:50 PM on 08/30/2010
HOUSE IS GONE !!! And the Repubicans will gain 7-8 seats in the senate so they wont take control but the gain will be just as effective. the dems wont be able to scrape the Snowe adn Collins from Maine to help them out.... now they will need 8 republicnas to change ...wont happen so its as good as a win. Not to mention the republicans will gain about net about 8-9 Gov seats.
Mercedes
VOTE DEMOCRATIC/INDEPENDENT FOR CONGRESS IN 2014
01:41 PM on 08/30/2010
pensacolachic:

So you have a crystal ball that sees into the future? You seem so happy with being a Republican. You must be one of those who makes over $200,000 a year, so you don't want to have to pay your Fair Share of Taxes and you want an extension of W. Bush's tax cuts to go on forever...

Be careful what you wish for because you may find out that you're not 'rich' enough to be a Republican!
05:22 PM on 08/30/2010
Mercedes, it is amazing how narrow an understanding you have of reality. You seem to think only in economic terms. There are conservatives (40% of the populace) who are weathy and others who are just getting by.

Being poor doesn't mean that you can't be sensible and realize you have to create wealth before it can be distributed.


Obama is now under 50% approval by all economic groups including those making under $2000 per month.

Now for the quote above, that is the prediction of a number of pundits on BOTH sides of the aisle. I think the Senate is also in play and the Republicans could take control there (gain 10 seats), but it is not a slamdunk. The House majority for the Democrats is pretty much over.
01:21 PM on 08/31/2010
What is fair share? Top 5% pay 25% of all taxes and lower 47% do not pay taxes at all. Who defines fair, (communist) party general secretary Obama? I got news for you. His party will lose big time in November because this ain't Soviet Russia!!
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middleoftheroad
02:13 PM on 08/30/2010
not to mention the power when it comes time to re-district that will be gained by wins in the state level!!!
05:23 PM on 08/30/2010
Well said.
12:49 PM on 08/30/2010
HOUSE IS GONE !!! And the Repubicans will gain 7-8 seats in the senate so they wont take control but the gain will be just as effective. the dems wont be able to scapre the typical 2 Rino Maine senators to help them out.... now they will need 8 republicnas to flip ...wont happen so its as good s a win. Not to mention the republicans will gain about net about 8-9 Gov seats.
12:36 PM on 08/30/2010
This just means Democrats need to lift their game and get their friends and family who don't vote, too vote in the mid-terms. It's not hard people, just grab 4 friends in your car and head to the polls.

We're heading in the right direction but can't let the majority go to Republicans. With the Tea Party, it should be even easier to win with some EFFORT.
02:04 PM on 09/07/2010
Exactly! I'm sure there is probably an ACORN office or some other affiliate who'll even register fake names to vote for the Dems too!
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rextrek
50yr old, Moderate-liberal in S.NJ/Phila
12:18 PM on 08/30/2010
..as someone who Voted for and gave money to Obama.....My no#1 problem with him....he Trys too hard to make sure everyone likes him....he keeps reaching across the isle only to get slapped back..How many times can someone do this, til they say ENOUGH!!??? ..and 2nd - when he has negotiated , he seems to start from the middle down - rather then starting from the TOP....and he lets others take the lead, and he jumps in - ONLY after all other avenues have been forced. Come 2010 - Ill Vote Dem..but this time I'll Hold my Nose when doing so.
10:57 AM on 09/02/2010
I don't agree with your politics, but I do agree with your second point. He has done the start in the middle and then only jump in when forced to. I don't vote Democrat (only done it a few times in my voting life and was disappointed all those times), so I won't be holding my nose.
01:12 AM on 09/07/2010
I'm a democrat, and I believe they deserve what they get. They have control of the house, senate, a democratic president, and have a problem getting things done. Not to mention the fear they have of the republicans. What is their problem?
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Christopher Hull
Democratic Socialist
11:54 AM on 08/30/2010
I am so tired of hearing kool-aid drinking Dems try to explain how the party of NO kept them from "saving America." FDR went on the radio and gave speeches explaining why the Republicans were blocking him and what he wanted to do differently than he was being allowed to do by congress. In exchange for this he was given a Democratic congress and the rest is New Deal history. That is point one.
Point two. How is it possible when President Bush had SMALLER majorities in congress he was still able to do just about everything he wanted to do? And had no problem going on TV to stir the pot and scare people into calling their congressman?
As far as Democratic policies go Nancy Pelosi has been a good Dem Speaker of the House. She could have gotten a lot more Democratic bills passed if she had ANY help from Reid in the Senate or from dis-engaged, dis-interested Barak Obama. Even if you don't agree with their agenda it is unfortunate that Ms. Pelosi will probably be the only one to suffer losing her position while the other two will keep theirs and have done less for their party.
Republican voters also need to stop drinking their parties kool-aid also. We have already been through one Great Depression caused by having too much wealth in too few hands. Tax cuts won't fix this.
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rextrek
50yr old, Moderate-liberal in S.NJ/Phila
12:41 PM on 08/30/2010
1 major problem - the DEMS do NOT Walk LOCKSTEP.... like the GOP does.....the Dems are Right,center right,left, center left......the GOP is LOCKSTEP on almost everyone of thier positions....meanwhile while the Dems have a Majority- they can't agree on anything...thats the difference....plus on a side note..when Bush had the Majority....the dems were relegated to the Capital basement...and very few were put on any committees. The Dems and Obama's Problem: Trying to play Nicey nice with people who WANT you to FAIL, and stab you in the back while doing it.
Mercedes
VOTE DEMOCRATIC/INDEPENDENT FOR CONGRESS IN 2014
01:51 PM on 08/30/2010
rextrek:

Yes, the GOP is Lockstep. But when they go over the cliff, they will all go together...

Better for the rest of us that the GOP goes over the cliff before the Mid Terms in November. They have been taken over by the Ultra Right Wing who want to go back to the past, and people want to go forward to the Future. But the Tea Party is coming up with some really loony things--cancel the 14th Amendment, tell Muslims where they can worship in a country that supposed to be #1 in Freedom of Religion, get rid of Federal Social Services (Welfare, Food Stamps, Medicaid), cut back on Social Security and Medicare. BUT they want the 'haves and have mores' to not pay taxes, own everything and every piece of land, run the country under THEIR religious and conservative terms. NO, the GOP is not going to be able to convince this country that 'Tax Cuts' will make jobs (if the cuts made jobs, then why are the top US corporations sitting on over $1.8 TRILLION right now, using the excuse that they have to 'save' the money for Obama's new Regulations Law, but actually keeping the money because they are mad that Obama won't let them do their 'business as usual' (making up their own rules and doing whatever they want--not having to answer to anyone on how safe or secure their business practices are) It Won't Work...
01:18 AM on 09/07/2010
Trying to play nice with THUGS will never work. They are laughing at you while kicking your b**. The dems are just too nice, thats why they are losing. In tough times we need tough leaders. If they are afraid to fight, they need to lose their jobs. Good rediance.
11:23 PM on 08/30/2010
Chris, I agree. I mean he told us in 2004 after his election he was going to use his political capital to reform Social Security and the Democrats were absolutely the party of yes. That is the reason we have the Bush reform on the books now.
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sandals
11:24 AM on 08/30/2010
So we have a choice in November sit at home on your BUTTS and let the Orange Man become speaker of the house, or get up of you BUTTS and get out there and vote.
Stop whining about not getting everything we wanted. We need to make sure that the pundits are proven wrong and that we keep control of both houses, we just need some stronger progressives in both houses.
I also say that when they get back from their vacation, that the Democrats push things through and hold those Rethugs accountable if they want a filibuster give them one!
Mercedes
VOTE DEMOCRATIC/INDEPENDENT FOR CONGRESS IN 2014
01:52 PM on 08/30/2010
Totally Agree!

Fanned/Faved
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LWhee1961
02:51 AM on 08/30/2010
http://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/campaign/116157-re
publicans-plan-mccarthyite-persecutions"
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LWhee1961
02:39 AM on 08/30/2010
Didn't the pundits say a African-American man named Barack Obama couldn't be elected as the President of the United States? The only thing that counts is the VOTES. Yes, the recovery is slow and painful, but at least we are moving in the right direction. Yes, there are some who would debate this. However. the reality is we didn't get into this mess overnight, and it is going to take a long time to recover. So the question is do we want to change course when at least we are heading in the right direction? For example, the banks/Wall Street were "bailed out," but it prevented a complete collapse of our financial system. If the Middle Class is to have any chance for survival we need to vote for the people who will help the Middle Class, not try to send it into oblivion with their obstructionism. If you think things are bad now, they would become tremendously worse if we let the "Party of NO" have power. That would be a devastating mistake for our country and our people! They work for big corps and the lobbyists, not "We The People." That being the case, why should we give them our votes and put our fate in their hands if they aren't going to do anything to help the people who elect them?
06:58 AM on 08/30/2010
"Yes, the recovery is slow and painful, but at least we are moving in the right direction."

GDP annual growth rate:

Fourth quarter 2009 5%
First Quarter 2010 3%
Second Quarter 2010 1.6%

Projected 3rd qtr >1%

Mort Zuckerman writes a recent column titled "The Most Fiscally Irresponsible Government in U.S. History"

You are dreaming.
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Golemaximus
07:57 AM on 08/30/2010
If we are moving in the right direction shouldn't the growth rate be getting bigger not smaller?
12:40 PM on 08/30/2010
There is a big difference between heading in the right direction, building a solid foundation for future growth and experiencing a temporary superficial bounce-back. The US economy is undergoing a huge shift from relying on the housing market. It'll take time no matter who's in office.
01:21 AM on 09/07/2010
The pundits also said candidate Obama would never win Virginia.