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Judge H. Lee Sarokin

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What If He's Innocent?

Posted: 05/23/11 09:00 PM ET

One cannot read the published accounts of the charges against Dominique Strauss-Kahn without concluding that he is probably guilty. But what if he isn't? The coverage, the photos, the op-eds have ruined his reputation, forced him to resign his high IMF position and apparently ended his bid for the presidency of France.

No matter the ultimate outcome, his life will never be the same; the cloud will always be there. Of course, if he is found guilty there is little sympathy for him or his ruined reputation. The crime charged engenders such emotion and anger that this is probably the wrong case to make the point, but shouldn't we re-examine the practice of publicizing criminal charges and the so-called "perp walk"?

When I was a teenager, my father wrote a letter to the town's weekly newspaper criticizing it for publishing an article about a local resident who had been charged with writing a bad check in another state. The article was the talk of the town -- a small one in which news spread rapidly. I knew the children of the man accused. They were devastated and embarrassed. As it turned out, he was not the person involved but rather someone with a similar name. The charges were dropped, but the story never forgotten. People would still say "wasn't he the one involved with some check fraud?"

The perfect example is what happened to the Duke students who were charged with rape. Those charges have been totally dismissed, but those boys (now men) will always be remembered for what they were accused of. Before anyone becomes incensed, I, in no way, mean to question the integrity or the veracity of the accuser here, but rather the practice of disclosing or leaking charges, detailing evidence and parading the accused.

In view of the First Amendment, I can envision no practical or legal way of forbidding the media from publicizing such charges except self-restraint, which is hardly likely in this competitive, sensation- hungry media world. But there is no reason for this information to come from law enforcement sources. I have always been of the view that unless the announcement is to allay the public fears and assure them that some serial rapist or murderer has been arrested or there is some other legitimate purpose in disclosing the identity of the person charged, there is no reason for the prosecution to announce (or leak) charges or indictments, detail the evidence, or express its views about guilt. Such conduct poisons the jury pool, adversely affects the rights of the accused, and if innocent, forever stigmatizes the person named. Using the word "alleged" hardly takes the sting away. It merely protects against libel.

The reality is that in most instances the charges are pursued to conviction and the harm from any pre-trial publicity is deserved, but in those rare cases in which the accused is innocent or acquitted, the harm can never be undone. So prosecutors and editors before they go public with charges against someone should ask themselves: What if he is innocent?

 
One cannot read the published accounts of the charges against Dominique Strauss-Kahn without concluding that he is probably guilty. But what if he isn't? The coverage, the photos, the op-eds have ruin...
One cannot read the published accounts of the charges against Dominique Strauss-Kahn without concluding that he is probably guilty. But what if he isn't? The coverage, the photos, the op-eds have ruin...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheRoosterman
Crazy Texan
11:33 PM on 07/16/2011
What if he's innocent? He's got enough money stashed to buy a new image. For the people that don't, sell your story to the tabloids.

How about the ones that were innocent but actually convicted by ("a system that has proved to be hopelessly flawed and perhaps even criminal in its application of law enforcement, prosecution and punishment.") (Craig Watkins)

http://craigwatkins.org/blog/2011/01/

www.injusticeeverywhere.com
09:30 PM on 06/10/2011
I apologize for not having read prior comments before posting, but I am...........

You said .... "The perfect example is what happened to the Duke students who were charged with rape. Those charges have been totally dismissed, but those boys (now men) will always be remembered for what they were accused of. Before anyone becomes incensed, I, in no way, mean to question the integrity or the veracity of the accuser here,"

EXCUSE ME? You 'in no way' question the 'integrity or veracity of the accuser'?? You have got to be kidding me.

First of all the Duke "boys" were clearly falsely accused so a more appropriate label would be 'false accuser'. Actually there are many appropriate labels, few of them involve integrity or veracity. The most current is 'murderer'.

You obviously knew about the case (Duke) ... why in the world would you speak so ignorantly about the woman at the center of the case?
07:18 PM on 06/13/2011
You seem to miss the point of the discussion, which is in the headline. Specific cases make the issue tangible, but the discussion is about the issue in the abstract.
08:43 PM on 06/13/2011
No, I get the point and agree the Duke case is a perfect example. However the last sentence in that paragraph was totally unnecessary and tends to continue the exact behavior that the article argues against.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
02:13 PM on 06/30/2011
YeahRightOK - You obviously misunderstood and ignored the word "here"---talking about the current charges in this matter, not the Duke accuser.
10:29 PM on 06/30/2011
Perhaps I did misunderstand how you intended the word 'here' -- in a paragraph discussing the Duke case, I understood the reference to the "accuser here" to be the accuser in the Duke case. Silly me.
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StrawHat
Eat veggies, don't vote for them
07:49 PM on 05/24/2011
A man of this international stature just disappearing quietly into jail in New York City -- after everyone involved from the hotel staff to the Port Authority to the air stewards and airport personnel knew who was being taken into custody -- not to mention the fact that he was due in Germany for a series of high-profile meetings the next day -- was well nigh impossible.

We live in an open society, and rightly so. Hiding this would have involved a huge conspiracy of silence and who would it have served, really? Someone would have leaked it sooner rather than later. I'm fine with the police and prosecutors keeping evidence confidential (except from the defense) until the trial and punishing leakers within the investigation, but let's get real. When the head of the IMF doesn't show up for work because he's been locked up for raping a hotel maid, SOMEONE is going to call the National Enquirer or the Star or some blogger buddy and the news will be flying around the globe in minutes.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
01:16 AM on 05/25/2011
StrawHat - You are probably right. But there is absolutely no reason why so much information has come out about the incident or the evidence obtained. There is no way the media could be silenced nor should there be, but the prosecution in these high-profile cases (or any case for the matter) should not be feeding the public appetite. But I cannot quarrel with your take on the world we live in.
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frenchfrog
06:46 PM on 05/24/2011
The French press is free too. In 2000, the law about presumption of innocence was passed, making illegal to show anyone handcuffed before they're found guilty in a court of law, giving the accuser and the accused both their rights to keep their dignity.

As far as I understand it, in a sexual crime the victim is protected from the media by law. The press is not free to publish their names. Why not the accused then? Or do you lose all of your civil rights as soon as you're accused of a crime and not once you're found guilty?
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Gudrun
My micro-bio is empty
07:16 PM on 05/24/2011
In court, you are presumed innocent. If all of these proceedings were done secretly, I think that would be worse. I hope the truth will be known soon in this case.
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frenchfrog
07:43 PM on 05/24/2011
why worse? In court, you're judged by jurors. If all jurors read about the case and already condemned the accused - what happens then?
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:21 PM on 05/24/2011
frenchfrog - It is an interesting distinction that we make-----apparently being a rape victim is considered a worse disgrace than being an alleged rapist. The former's name is protected pre-trial but not the latter. In my view, both are entitled to that protection.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
frenchfrog
08:03 PM on 05/24/2011
I'm wondering also if it won't make it harder for jury selection, especially in the case of a white, rich and powerful man accused of such savage acts by a black, poor and unknown woman. The way certain news outlets dealt with DSK's arrest is disgusting. I've been living in NY for 8 years now, I love the USA but I disagree with the perp walk. And all these leaks re: a case still waiting to be tried are unnecessary. It's not news, it's only stirring hatred and frustration and the only reason for newspapers to do so is to increase sales. If he's innocent, he might be able to resume his political career on a very local level but his reputation will be stained for life, no matter what his prior achievements may or may not be. If he's guilty, then he needs to pay. But until then, he keeps a right to his dignity and privacy.
05:01 PM on 05/24/2011
the prosecutors have experience, dealing with such cases and they know the right questions to ask and the evidence to look for. The victim has everything to loose.She had been rather consistent.

what may be an issue is defination of what amounts to consent. In France consent to sex may be different than in America.

DSK has not only DNA against him but, the testimonies of madames of new york, hotel staff, and other unbecoming behavior.

Judge what you say is wishful thinking than looking at the facts so far.....
04:13 PM on 05/24/2011
DSK will simply not be allowed to be innocent. Like Bradley Manning, he has been declared an 'enemy of the state' and will be convicted.
03:26 PM on 05/24/2011
Many of the commenters appear to be missing the point of the article. The point is that if someone is innocent (and there will always be cases of false accusation, or mistaken identity) then they shouldn't have to have their reputation maligned in the court of public opinion before they even get their day in court. Voicing concern for innocent men who've been falsely accused doesn't mean that you don't sympathize with victims whose attackers get off scottfree. Why does it have to be either or? They are two separate issues.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:23 PM on 05/24/2011
RedFriday - Thank you. Spot on.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
cave mann35
Like Obama NOW??
02:03 PM on 05/24/2011
Judge, I agree with your premise and is is a reason that the French and other European countries cringe at the way our criminal justice system works. While you are also correct that in order to out-scoup each other, journalists, and networks will do whatever is necessary to get the story. The perp-walk as you put it, does leave an incriminating image, but how would you propose that we cover these trials and arrests? With our citizens so used to being able to get the lastest news, and with our delight in watching, reading or viewing sordid details of a crime, it seems that the genie is out of the bottle. We have always known that the allegation is Page 1 of the news media, but the retraction is buried in the print. Perhaps if we had the same headline exonerating someone as we did with the allegation, that might go far to fuel the public's perception. Imagine seeing a full page story on the New York Times saying "Duke Lacrosse Players Innocent", or "Prosecutor Being Jailed for Bringing Charges." As you point out, there will still be those that feel that the allegation has merit, so I would welcome an example of how we could arrest someone on a sensational crime, indict them, all without showing a photo of them being booked, handcuffed or being seen in court with the incriminating orange jump suit.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:33 PM on 05/24/2011
cave mann35 - I certainly concede the difficulties, but the release of the arrest photo and the "perp walk" with handcuffs are all in the control of law enforcement. Likewise are the public statements and leaks about evidence---such as the recent DNA disclosures. The press can dig up a lot but the prosecution often makes it too easy or is the source.
01:41 PM on 05/24/2011
I don't know if Judge Sarokin has ever been a prosecutor, but let me assure you, as a former prosecutor, before I step into court to accuse anyone my first thought is always "what if he's innocent?" We have special ethical rules just for prosecutors, and we're not allowed to bring charges unless we have strong evidence. It's why that DA in the Duke case, Mike Nifong, was such an embarrassment to the profession and a despised criminal. I have never tried a case I didn't wholeheartedly believe in. It's quite a privilege to say that as a lawyer.
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LogicalMathMan
Math, Finance, English, Business Instructor
01:49 PM on 05/24/2011
You and other attorneys might hold the view of 'presumption of innocence'. However, from what I gathered from the article, Judge Sarokin cautions the reader about the sensationalized rush to judgment. At no point does he aver that the prosecutors were remiss in making the case public in convenient soundbites.

Much respect for your record and integrity. Keep up the good fight!
02:02 PM on 05/24/2011
Yes, but every sensationalist case begins with a prosecutor. I think the sensationalized rush to judgment Judge Sarokin talked about is absolutely infectious at all levels. I won't name any names, but let's just say Lindsay Lohan and Paris Hilton received an inordinate amount of office resources for what were very routine crimes. We had two supervisors down in court for a hearing that we would normally have a deputy handle in about 10 minutes. The punishment also did not fit the crime, I have never seen anyone get more than 30 days for a misdemeanor parole violation before, while Lohan got like 120 days.

It's all too easy to get wrapped up in the allure of a high profile case. I bring up Mike Nifong every chance I can as a cautionary tale and an unfortunate representation of too many colleagues.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:36 PM on 05/24/2011
kwyang - I am certain you speak for all prosecutors in this respect, but the key words are "before I step into court" --not on the courthouse steps. My criticism is not of the indictment but of the pre-trial publicity some of which eminates from the prosecutor's office.
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CrankyGal
My micro-bio itches like hell
01:08 PM on 05/24/2011
No need to worry about the poor guy being innocent.

His DNA is all over the victim's clothes.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
01:17 PM on 05/24/2011
CrankyGal - But that's my point---how come we know about the DNA?
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Gudrun
My micro-bio is empty
01:54 PM on 05/24/2011
Because the press needs to be free.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
frenchfrog
06:34 PM on 05/24/2011
The NYPD and the DA's office strongly deny leaking any info about the DNA to the press. The NY Post published the story after Atlantico.com, which is a right-wing French blog based here in NY. The editor is Sarkozy's former web campaign director. The woman who accused DSK of sexually assaulting her used to work for them. Now she won't press charges and even refuses to testify at the NY trial as a character witness. The man who tweeted about the arrest of DSK one hour before it happened and who's now in hiding also has links to Atlantico.

Still, DNA was found on her shirt? I am not a lawyer but I doubt that this alone can prove any sort of criminal activity beyond any reasonable doubt. If I were a juror, I would be extremely skeptical.

FYI, I am not a fan of conspiracy theories - I'm simply stating the facts. I'm in no position to defend or accuse him - I wasn't in the room.
01:00 PM on 05/24/2011
In any case involving sex and women or children, we prejudge.
In the 80s we ran the equivalent of Salem witch trials from coast-to-coast with columnists like Anna Quinlan cheering on females prosecutors jailing hundreds of innocent daycare workers based on the work of some quack therapists from California.
On those rare occasions when feminists and right-wing Christians agree, all hell breaks loose.
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CigarGod
What is your process?
02:32 PM on 05/24/2011
Your bring up a nightmare memory.
It still makes me shudder.
One never knows when hysteria will spread to a whole nation...and we end up in another McCarthy era, Germany, Cultural revolution...Germany.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Paul Houston
British and a London resident
11:46 AM on 05/24/2011
From the Contempt of Court Act 1981

In this Act “the strict liability rule” means the rule of law whereby conduct may be treated as a contempt of court as tending to interfere with the course of justice in particular legal proceedings regardless of intent to do so.

Limitation of scope of strict liability.E+W+S+N.I.

(1)The strict liability rule applies only in relation to publications, and for this purpose “publication” includes any speech, writing, programme included in a cable programme service or other communication in whatever form, which is addressed to the public at large or any section of the public.

(2)The strict liability rule applies only to a publication which creates a substantial risk that the course of justice in the proceedings in question will be seriously impeded or prejudiced.

(3)The strict liability rule applies to a publication only if the proceedings in question are active within the meaning of this section at the time of the publication.

(4)Schedule 1 applies for determining the times at which proceedings are to be treated as active within the meaning of this section.

In this section “programme service” has the same meaning as in the Broadcasting Act 1990.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:46 PM on 05/24/2011
Paul - Thank you. Very enlightening.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Paul Houston
British and a London resident
11:39 AM on 05/24/2011
In the United Kingdom, such cases are covered under the Contempt of court act 1981 in the UK restrictions are in place to prevent the interferance of the administration of justice. It is a matter of strict liability.
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11:22 AM on 05/24/2011
Your blog reminds me of a very old Doonesbury comic... I can not repeat it exactly because it was from long ago, during the first stages of the Watergate Scandel.

The character who is the TV reporter is informing his audience of some new evidence that had been uncoivered regarding Mitchell's (I think) involvement. The reporter ends his segment with words to this effect:

"Although we can not be certain, all indications are that Mitchell is...

GUILTY!!! GUILTY GUILTY!!!"
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
07:48 PM on 05/24/2011
legaleagle - Great.anecdote. Thanks for sharing.
10:56 AM on 05/24/2011
The English have a better system. Anyone can charge anybody for anything, but once accused, it is up to the plaintiff to prove it. If the allegations prove unsubstiantiated, the accuser is required to pay court costs and all attorney fees.

Your right about the Duke students. Their lives were ruined on false allegations and the accusers just walked away with no penalty.
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JimInHouston
Arma virumque cano...
11:34 AM on 05/24/2011
"Their lives were ruined on false allegation­s and the accusers just walked away with no penalty. "

As I recall, the prosecutor was fired and school officials were sued.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Judge H. Lee Sarokin
Retired after serving 17 years on the federal cour
11:56 AM on 05/24/2011
greyhound2 - Many agree and favor the English system, but it applies to civil cases not criminal ones.