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Karl Giberson, Ph.D

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Mythologizing Evolution Revisited

Posted: 06/09/2012 9:38 am

My last post, "Mythologizing Evolution," generated quite a bit of controversy and not a little hostility. Some of this was my own fault for not anticipating some confusion about the meaning of the word "myth" as I was using it.

The confusion about the word "myth" in my post comes from its two very different meanings. In popular parlance myth means "falsehood" or "made-up story." I have on my desk a delightful little book titled "Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion." Myth is employed here in the popular sense and the title essay explains that the harsh treatment of Galileo by the Inquisition -- torture, imprisonment -- has no basis in fact. It is a made-up story -- a myth. Obama's birth in Kenya is a current example of this sort of myth.

But there is a far more interesting definition of myth used in literature. One scholarly and wide-ranging discussion starts with this definition: "Myths are symbolic tales of the distant past (often primordial times) that concern cosmogony and cosmology (the origin and nature of the universe), may be connected to belief systems or rituals, and may serve to direct social action and values."

The definition is enlarged to include a wide-ranging roster of other attributes often but not always possessed by myths, including the fact that the mythological story "is or was considered a true explanation of the natural world (and how it came to be)." The setting is often in a "previous, proto-world." The story is "formative of worldview," and "conveys how to live: assumptions, values, core meanings of individuals, families, communities." Myths answer questions like: "Why are we here?" "Who are we?" "What is our purpose?"

Questions of simple truth take a back seat to questions of meaning in this deeper definition. The story at the heart of the myth may or may not be factually true but the meaning of the story transcends its factual character. The story of Abraham Lincoln's birth in a humble log cabin has a mythological character not possessed by Bill Clinton's birth in a hospital in Arkansas.

The best way to understand America's ongoing resistance to evolution -- as evidenced in the recent Gallup Poll -- is the theory's failure as an origins myth. Most Americans believe they are created by God, in God's image, whatever that means; they believe God cares about them and wants them to care for each other. They believe they are called to live virtuous lives and be people of character. They may fall short of these ideals but they believe these profound truths are rooted in their creation story.

Whether we think that the biblically based story of our origins is historically and scientifically accurate or not, we certainly have to admit that it is a beautiful story and that, at its best -- with some egregious exceptions -- it has nurtured our civilization in wholesome ways. Post-Christian Norway, which just made a strong move in the direction of full secularization, nevertheless retained official recognition of its "Christian and humanistic heritage," of which it is obviously and justifiably proud.

To take root in deeply religious America, evolution needs to be a better myth. Edward O. Wilson, one of our greatest living scientists and certainly no champion of creationism or any sort of religion, has gone so far as to say we need to appreciate the scientific story of origins to the point where we can "worship the evolutionary epic."

While "worshipping the evolutionary epic" might sound absurd and even meaningless, we must not be too quick to throw out Wilson's provocative proposal. Wilson understands, in ways that many of us do not, just how hard-wired we are to seek purpose in the world. He understands that we may not be able to simply abandon our traditional creation story without some sort of replacement. And evolution, as a full-blown origins myth, is not a satisfactory replacement for most Americans.

This is why evolution is constantly being "mythologized" by its champions -- to make it a better origins story.

Of course, if we could all agree that evolution could be viewed as God's method of creation, we could have our mythological cake and eat it too. But, as the latest Gallup Poll makes clear, this is not happening.

 
 
 

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thankgodimanatheist8
The answer to fools is silence
01:00 AM on 06/23/2012
If you mean the myth that god created humanity in her/his own image (a spiritual being), that is one thing. However, the myth that many Americans believe in is the ugly myth based on the contradictory second chapter of Genesis. Where god lies ("On that day you shall surely die") and is against knowledge, puts a jar of candy in front of children saying, 'Don't you dare touch those yummy things,' and then punishes all future generations for the supposed wrong doings of two.

No, the Christian myth is ugly and adds nothing to the truth.

Non-credo absurdum est.
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methodman
05:04 PM on 06/21/2012
I think I understand what you are stating. Myth's have to be tied to some type of physical object or attribute. and tie objects together in qualitatively different manners. But I can bring acquired representations of all the translations of an object imported from different views or several views of a concept easier explained inside of another discipline and import it the original form and work my way back to where the two conversations employ matching bearings. But science isn't just stories. Science is matching activities while expanding your vocabulary so that more objective curiosity can become employed which is the purpose of myth. Well there's cultural and anthropological myth I think Kanzi by Sue Savage Rumbaugh & Roger Lewin might be close to an example.
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DIridescent
.
03:22 PM on 06/18/2012
I agree with the general sentiment that seems to be expressed in most comments here: Calling for science to become a better myth seems backwards. How can we encourage a better myth surrounding science when the reality of what science is and how it works is so lacking?

It seems obvious to me that the first step should be better education about the reality of science, not packaging it as something it's not and adding more misinformation and confusion than there already is. It's all too similar to encouraging a kind of pseudoscience, or fictional version of scientific understandings, and I just don't see what good that does.

I would suggest going the opposite direction.
01:23 AM on 06/18/2012
If science has to become "myth" to be accepted, then the purpose of reason is defeated. People deserve whatever h*** their irrationality creates on earth.
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wbthacker
Can YOU pass the Turing Test?
07:02 PM on 06/14/2012
I still don't get it. Define "myth" however you want, but at its core this remains: myths aren't true.

Science doesn't - MUSTN'T - intentionally make false claims. Science's frank honesty is what separates it from (and makes it superior to) religion.

If Giberson wants an evolutionary myth, I suggest he talk to theologists, not scientists. Theologists are experts at creating myths. And they're the only ones who think there's a real answer to questions like, "Why are we here?", "Who are we?", and "What is our purpose?"

Those are meaningless questions. We're here because that's how the physics and probabilities worked out. Who we are is very bright apes frustrated because we can't predict the future -- especially the behavior of other people. We have no intrinsic purpose. Any effort to inject meaning into these answers can only reflect the values of the person writing the myth.

Will the "evolution myth" tell us that homosexuality is good, or bad? How about adultery? It will depend on who writes the myth.

And whoever that is, I will not tolerate them claiming to speak for Science.
04:32 AM on 06/12/2012
“Whether we think that the biblically based story of our origins is historically and scientifically accurate or not, we certainly have to admit that it is a beautiful story…”

I’m sorry, but I don’t see the beauty in our species being created in a garden by an ancient Near Eastern deity, only to be thrown out after a woman gets duped by a reptilian apple salesman—which results in our species getting cursed.

That aside, the main point I wish to make is the following:

I’m not interested in what is beautiful; I’m interested in what is true.
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TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
10:29 AM on 06/12/2012
It has been suggested that beauty is truth and that truth is beauty. That's how John Keats put it. There might be something to that. I don't find what Giberson writes to be at all beautiful.
01:24 AM on 06/18/2012
It might be suggested that sounds nice but means nothing and is a waste of time to repeat.
01:58 AM on 06/12/2012
Time to look outside the square!,try this myth on for a romantic distraction to combine both mythologies!!.
JESUS THE LAST NEPHILIM ISBN:978-1-84748-797-1.'Many millions of Earth years passed and the process of evolution resulted in an ape man being formed.Then the Nephilim arrive on Earth.'The Nephilim were on the Earth in those days,and also afterward'.Genesis 6:4. The creatures that roamed the Earth were not capable of being a major part of their work force as it was found their brain power had millions of years to evolve before they had the intelligence required to understand and obey orders."We cannot wait millions of years,the Nephilim god said."LET US MAKE MAN IN OUR IMAGE AND AFTER OUR LIKENESS" Genesis 1:26.And so began the process to genetically design a creature .The first test tube being!!.
09:46 PM on 06/11/2012
Sub: Cosmology Definition-
ref; Cosmology is a myth or Science- Nobel Laur . Alfven- 1984,1992
Need: Search Origins- Cosmology Vedas
Sub:Cosmology Definition-Vidyardhi Nanduri
The subject of COSMOLOGY is a borderland between Sciences and Philosophy. This subject attracts all mankind in search of direction to provide Unity in many diversified fields.Is there a higher dimension of Science in Myths and Philosophies? Can VEDAS provide more light for the COSMIC UNIVERSE ?
COSMOLOGY DEFINITION
COSMOS PRIMER- PRIME DRIVE
Cosmos primer lists out the Prime drive functions in COSMOLOGY
FROM PHILOSOPHY TO VEDAS
1. Cosmology in Vedas 2.Cosmology in Philosophy 3. Science of Philosophy
4. Basic Philosophy,
FROM SCIENCE TO COSMOLOGY
1. Basic Science 2. Philosophy of Science 3.Cosmogony-Astrophysics
4. Cosmology -Present Day under Revision
NATURE TO COSMIC DIVINE
1. Nature 2.Divine Function in Nature 3. Divine Universe 4. Cosmos Divine
EVOLUTION TO CATCH-UP WITH COSMOS YOGA
Search:VISION series
Key words:Cosmology Definition, Philosophy-Vedas,Science-Cosmology,Nature-Cosmic Divine
http://cosmologytrust.blogspot.com/
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TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
12:09 PM on 06/11/2012
"I have on my desk a delightful little book titled 'Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion.' Myth is employed here in the popular sense and the title essay explains that the harsh treatment of Galileo by the Inquisition -- torture, imprisonment -- has no basis in fact. It is a made-up story -- a myth."

I never heard stories about Galileo being tortured and thrown into a dungeon until I heard apologists refuting them. Of course, the apologists' refutation is misleading, as is their assertion of what the story used to be. Galileo was threatened with torture and was imprisoned -- in two of his houses, which certainly were much more comfortable than dungeons, but he was still confined. And he was only not tortured because he signed documents saying that he didn't believe what he did believe about science. That's definitely a serious conflict between science and religion.

I have an interesting little book on my desk: Sources of the Jesus Tradition: Separating Myth From History.

That sort of thing is definitely not for everybody.

"To take root in deeply religious America, evolution needs to be a better myth."

No. Replacing BS with better BS only benefits purveyors of BS. Like Giberson and the author of that little book on his desk. and most of the people who write about religion for HP.
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GhostofEugeneDebs
Politics is weird. And creepy.
08:42 AM on 06/11/2012
Galileo wasn't "tortured" by the Inquisition, OK. That's not really a "myth", though, just an exaggeration.

Galileo WAS tried by the Inquisition under Pope Urban VIII, in 1633. He was found GUILTY of being "vehemently suspect of heresy," and sentenced to LIFE INPRISONMENT. This sentence was commuted to "permanent house arrest", and he did, in fact, remain under house arrest, under guard, until his death. While under arrest, he was visited by men like Thomas Hobbes and John Milton.

I think that promulgating myths about "the myths of evolution" or Science doesn't get anybody anywhere. Science has given us the most intricate and beautiful and consistent story of the Heavens and Earth and Mankind that we have ever seen. Religious myths can't touch it, and don't belong in the same paragraph. You are NOT helping.
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catsanon
Humans... Such silly creatures.
09:35 AM on 06/11/2012
Not helping? Well, that depends on who one thinks the author is attempting to help.

Hint: it isn't science...... for more clues, check the web site for the BioLogos Foundation.......
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GhostofEugeneDebs
Politics is weird. And creepy.
02:12 PM on 06/11/2012
Holy Cow!! That explains it! Thanks for the tip.

He went to a Pentecostal "college", and then taught there for 25 years. A "Liberal Arts" school where fewer than 10% major in "Liberal Arts", while nearly 40% study "Business". Hmmm.

I reckon he already knew he was lying about Galileo, then. Nevermind.
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TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
12:24 PM on 06/11/2012
He's helping himself and others like him, such as the author of that "delightful" book on his desk. http://thewrongmonkey.blogspot.com/2012/06/selling-lie-about-harmony-between.html
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GhostofEugeneDebs
Politics is weird. And creepy.
01:49 PM on 06/11/2012
Nice link. Thanks!
-Ghostof EugeneDebs, WM Class of '85.
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Lupis Noctum
Reality is not democratic.
08:27 PM on 06/10/2012
There is far more wonder and awe to be found in the process and history of evolution than in any myth created by man.

Reality. Embrace it. It just might surprise you.
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Semprini
Stamp out and abolish redundancy
07:16 AM on 06/11/2012
Very well said.
SelfAwarePatterns
seek truth; question everything
06:50 PM on 06/10/2012
Proponents of Theistic Evolution should consider what it entails.

Life has been evolving for at least 3.5 billion years or 78% the age of the Earth.

Modern humans didn't come on the scene until 200,000 years ago or about 0.0044% the age of the Earth. All of written history is 5,000 years or about 0.00011% of the age of the Earth.

If God exists and produced us this way, then he chose about the most time inefficient way imaginable to go about it. Given how natural selection works, he also chose an unimaginably cruel way to make progress.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
03:03 PM on 06/11/2012
Shhh! facts just make their little heads explode. ;-)
Besides, they've proven themselves innumerate already.
09:23 PM on 06/11/2012
Makes perfect sense from the perspective of our mental lives. But then if God operated at our mental levels then He couldn't do all that God stuff, could He?
SelfAwarePatterns
seek truth; question everything
10:10 PM on 06/11/2012
That sounds like a variation of the "God works in mysterious ways" card. The beauty of that card is it that it's completely compatible with God's existence or non-existence. It can be evoked in any situation where God doesn't make sense. However, while it may sound good, it's an untestable proposition. Indeed, it's purpose is to evade tests, which makes it a non-explanation.
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Alex I
We can't stop here. This is Bat Country!
06:04 PM on 06/10/2012
I don't get the point of Theistic Evolution. If God created the universe to appear as though there weren't a creator, then how would you tell the difference?

It seems to me that what can be asserted without evidence can also be rejected without evidence.
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froggythegremlin
I'll never do it again, I promise.
08:17 PM on 06/10/2012
" What can be asserted without evidence can also be rejected without evidence." - As stated by Christopher Hitchens.
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Lupis Noctum
Reality is not democratic.
08:31 PM on 06/10/2012
Theistic Evolution is merely the weak christianist's way of saying "Well, you're probably right, but we're right too, so there!" They can always find a gap somewhere for their god to hide in. Their problem is that it's a game of Whack-A-Mole and science is the hammer.
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CodyGirl
Truth is worth pursuing.
01:45 PM on 06/10/2012
Thank you for this article that explains the difference between a common usage of the term "myth" versus its meaning as a literary (storytelling) genre. This is an important distinction. However, I do question the conclusion you draw from the Gallup Poll that created 3 categories of perspectives on the relationship between the science of evolution & belief in a Creator God: creationism (46% of those surveyed), theistic evolution (32%) & scientific evolution with no role of God (15%). The theistic evolution perspective (TEP) is strong & this category is IMO, where it is "happening" because this perspective sees no conflict or contradiction between creation myths & the science of evolution. The issue in creationism is the authority of the Bible & the perception among many believers that the science of evolution poses a threat to this authority. The TEP folks play a key role in helping creationists understand that there is no threat to biblical authority & that the teachings about God as our Creator are as meaningful today as they were to the ancient Hebrews.
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catsanon
Humans... Such silly creatures.
03:09 PM on 06/10/2012
"The TEP folks play a key role in helping creationists understand that there is no threat to biblical authority..."

That's a rather difficult role for the TEP folk to play when creationists dig in their heels and reject anything which conflicts with their beliefs.
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CodyGirl
Truth is worth pursuing.
03:24 PM on 06/10/2012
True. The same can be said for atheists.
10:36 PM on 06/11/2012
It's not clear that the 32% category can be classified as "theistic evolution". It sounds more like the "intelligent design" camp, where they see the evidence for evolution by natural processes as being lacking in some way.

I would hope that in future polls, Gallup phrases the questions in a better way to distinguish between the two:

"God used the natural process of evolution to bring about the diversity of life, including mankind." (Theistic Evolution)

"God actively and supernaturally guided the process of evolution to bring about the diversity of life, including mankind." (Intelligent Design with Common Descent)

"God created each 'kind' of life form individually, over billions of years of time." (Intelligent Design or Old Earth Creationism without Common Descent)

The remaining choices could be phrased:

"God created each "kind" of life form individually, over a period of days, several thousand years ago." (Young Earth Creationism)

"God had no part in the process." (Deism or Atheism)
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michelesda
My micro-bio is empty.
12:29 PM on 06/10/2012
Incredible. Who cares who believes in or doesn't believe in Evolution? If someone chooses not to "believe in" a scientific fact, whose loss is that but their own? Why teach someone to "believe in" a scientific fact, at the cost of possibly turning it into just another lie? Wouldn't it be smarter to just give people a better education, good enough to teach them a decent respect for factuality?
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Alex I
We can't stop here. This is Bat Country!
05:59 PM on 06/10/2012
Because they're trying to inject the creationist perspective wholesale into public school curriculum. At that point, it becomes dangerous.
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michelesda
My micro-bio is empty.
11:57 PM on 06/10/2012
I don't get it. Why would a science writer be trying to inject creationism into the public school curriculum?