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Katherine Zimmerman

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The Somali Pirate Threat Isn't Going Away

Posted: 02/22/11 04:32 PM ET

Today, Somali pirates killed four Americans taken hostage Friday off the coast of Oman. President Barack Obama authorized the use of force in the case of an imminent threat to the hostages Saturday. CENTCOM reports that during the course of negotiating the hostages' release, gunfire was heard aboard the captured yacht. The pirates fired a rocket-propelled grenade at the USS Sterett, the closest U.S. naval ship, and small arms fire was heard on the yacht. U.S. forces responded immediately by boarding the ship, but discovered that the Americans had been shot.

Piracy has thrived off the coast of Somalia despite an international anti-piracy naval operation because of land-based conditions. Somalia's long coastline is essentially ungoverned -- the UN-backed Transitional Federal Government (TFG) does not even have full control over the capital, Mogadishu. Armed groups have taken advantage of the lack of a sovereign government. Al Shabaab, a radical Islamist group with ties to al Qaeda, controls the coastline south of Mogadishu and has extended its control northward, further into the territory where the pirates operate. Last week, in the al Shabaab-controlled pirate town of Harardhere, al Shabaab and the pirates cut a deal for the release of pirate gang leaders: The pirates agreed to pay al Shabaab 20 percent of all future ransom payments and al Shabaab opened a marine office to coordinate with the pirates. Ransom payments run into the millions of dollars, which will serve as a significant source of funding for the terrorist group.

Al Shabaab uses the funds it secures to finance the insurgency that it is currently waging against the TFG. The past four days in Mogadishu saw a spike in violence. Monday, al Shabaab suicide bombers detonated a truck laden with explosives at a police training station in a government-controlled district. Newly trained TFG police were set to arrive at the police station that day. The peacekeeping force in Mogadishu, the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), does not have sufficient forces to carry out its limited mandate of protecting primary government infrastructure. Of the 12,000 authorized troops, only 8,000 peacekeepers have been deployed.

The murder of four Americans should call attention to the increasingly dire situation in Mogadishu, which exacerbates the piracy problem. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton noted that those concerned about piracy should "contribute to AMISOM by providing material, financial, and logistical support." The current situation in Somalia creates ripe conditions for piracy. These conditions have also contributed to the growth of al Shabaab, which has executed an international attack and threatened many more.

Katherine Zimmerman is the Gulf of Aden team lead for the Critical Threats Project at the American Enterprise Institute.

 
 
 
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05:52 AM on 02/25/2011
People are commenting here (in addition to the blogger) like this is some new problem. The Barbary Pirates have been hijacking, killing and raiding since the 16th century. Back then, it was Muslims capturing Christians to sell as slaves into the Muslim labor market.

The first time the US sold weapons to a hostile Arab state was in exchange for prisioners captured by the Muslim pirates (I believe it was Pres. Jefferson who made the deal - someone correct if I am wrong).

Hundreds of years later of looking the other way or outright appeasement, NOTHING HAS CHANGED. This is not news. It is just distrubing that people think it is.
08:47 PM on 02/26/2011
Just because this is an age old problem does not make the current sitution less news-worthy. What we should be looking at is how the current Commander in Chief is going to deal with this problem, that is always a news-worthy topic.

And, it seems that in a pissing contest between 13 Somali pirates and the US Navy, the US Navy should win.
07:20 AM on 02/24/2011
It's cheaper to pay off the pirate gangs than to supply security....simple business decision. Some navies - the now diminutive Royal Navy for one - simply release captured pirates.
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LMPE
I connect the most dissimilar things
12:47 AM on 02/24/2011
Killing pirates - can we even identify pirates that easily? - won't do jack shit. Other people will just pick up the slack. As in everywhere else, US involvement in the country created the conditions for what's going on there.
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BoudiccaBlanc
~Yes, my micro-bio is emply! ~
02:56 PM on 03/21/2011
12+ miles offshore and they don't stop approaching....Blow 'em out of the water!
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rightstroke
12:21 AM on 02/24/2011
we need to bring out our gunships and destroy every boat on their shoreline....after that a drone will watch any boat that leaves their shore will be destroyed with a missile. they need to be taught a lesson...
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Guytar
I'm sorry that I made you cry
12:30 PM on 02/23/2011
Somalia has no central government but it does have a lot of hunger and poverty, and lots of heavily armed gangs and local militia. Some of them have boats and skiffs and spend their days cruising Somali waters for defenceless commercial ships.
08:48 PM on 02/26/2011
And if American ships are not defended, they will quickly become the most popular target.
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BoudiccaBlanc
~Yes, my micro-bio is emply! ~
03:01 PM on 03/21/2011
Don't make excuses for criminal behavior. Pirates are pirates because its profitable.
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Guytar
I'm sorry that I made you cry
12:14 PM on 02/23/2011
Commercial ships should be armed with heavy machine guns and crewed by a small security team while sailing through pirate waters. Guns can be stowed away and security team can disembarck when the ship reaches port in safe waters, and move on to their next job.
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captcct
09:46 AM on 02/24/2011
Shite! you have been listening to too much John Lennon (as per your on-line photo mastif.) Just "Imagine" common sense!? to the scenario!?
12:14 PM on 02/23/2011
moral issues aside. in pure pragmatic terms- what would have been best for the hostages?

a negotiation say lasting anything from a month to a year - followed by a ransom payment of say two million dollars and the hostages being released alive and well ?

OR

What happened yesterday ?
How exactly do you negotiate from a a warship standing off from the yacht so close that small arms fire can be heard? What exactly was the motive of the pirates? Did they really travel out into the ocean about a thousand nautical miles to capture some US citizens , and then sail them back to the Somali coast...in order.. to kill them? Does not make sense.

The initial reports from the US military raise more questions than they answer. The story as told is too convenient. The facts will come out. It may take time. But they will emerge.
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neighborhoodmole
no one really knows who anyone is here
06:01 PM on 02/24/2011
I also thought this story did not add up to a plausible chain of events. Unfortunately, the people who probably knew what really happened have died. We cannot trust the pirates to tell the truth and our own military is going to cover their you know what. One simple explanation might be that the pirates got too annoyed at their preachy hostages and in a fit of anger killed them. That happened on a hostage cruise ship once where terrorists killed a guy in a wheel chair who talked back to them, triggering a backlash against their cause.

Another scenario might be that the pirates decided to fire a warning shot at the US ship and the hostages decided to make a break for it thinking that the yacht was being boarded by rescuers.

The most interesting mystery is the 2 pirates who had been dead for a couple of days, they might have been the victims of a pirate leader whose anger was out of control against any perceived insubordination.
10:19 AM on 02/23/2011
How many of you know the US Navy's prmiary mission? It isn't to engage in war. It is to keep the world's seaways clear for commmerce. I know this because it was branded on our brains as one of several recitings we were required to make (on command) in Navy bootcamp. But, the US Navy appears to have lost interest in this primary mission. Maybe they think it is beneath their dignity to engage pontoon boats with naval war ships. I don't know. I just know that it makes me sick to think we can't sail the open seas without fear of piracy - just like in the days of the pirateers, only now, there are no political incentives - just ransoms and murders. All we need is one AWACS aircraft to monitor the whole area. Then, have a few high speed Naval vessels to intercept proactively and not after an obduction. The pirates will eventually quit oif the system doesn't work. But, so long as the US Navy stands by and acots only when called upon by a distress signal, there will be more american deaths.
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captcct
12:19 PM on 02/23/2011
BS. The US Navy is to retro-act against an enemy. Think of Pearl Harbour, but most importantly 'The Battle of Midway' against the Japanese fleet. And, yes! also, the air-force pilots did a grand job too.
03:46 PM on 02/23/2011
I couldn't agree more. But, you didn't address my point of the Navy's primary mission - to keep the world's seaways clear for commerce. Granted, when there's foreign military agression, the Navy reacts. But, the prmiary mission doesn't change. This is indoctrinated into every sailor while in bootcamp. Being a veteran of the Tonkin Gulf campaign, I know this all too well. Maybe times have changed and the Navy changed their primary mission? Not. This primary mission dates back to the days of pirateers. No branch of the military is more traditional than the Navy. All you have to do is look at an enlisted man's uniform, which also dates back to the era of the pirateers. Ever wonder why sailor's have that long bib hanging from their back? It's for catching the grease wax in their long hair to prevent soiling the rest of the uniform. Now that's tradition for you.
10:03 AM on 02/23/2011
BTW, its going to be real interesting watching the US ARMY, the greatest of all armies go to war with 15 year olds, who weigh no more than 50 pounds...its gonna be one to watch no doubt
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captcct
12:22 PM on 02/23/2011
Brute force but little resolve. The US Army is not the greatest - sorry to say! Wonderful fine boys and girls but backed by a dissolute government. Where is the help for the veteran's when they come home?
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rightstroke
12:22 AM on 02/24/2011
15 years olds with guns can still kill people...
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captcct
10:02 AM on 02/23/2011
PART 3 - The Solution To The Somalian Piracy Debacle

Otherwise, instead of strafing and napalm runs, maybe a team of "SEALS" or should we call them "WALRUSES"!? be sent in. Then, alternatively, and instead of the mad circus that this planet has become, the UN (and obliging countries) collectively placates the Somali's and their pirates with oodles of cash (treasure) or else the Brit's re-instate the might of the U.K. Royal Navy (Admiral Horatio Hornblower) to go and get the job done. No wannabe Johnny Depp's allowed! This is not a Disney fantasy.
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captcct
10:02 AM on 02/23/2011
PART 2 - The Solution To The Somalian Piracy

Well, what does one do to deter the marauding pirates? How about taking a fleet of Huey (or Apache/Blackhawk/ or the defunct Comanche) helicopters and strafe the entire coastline of Somalia and also doing a Napalm run. That would soon get the pirate's attention - [sort of like that scene out of "Apocalypse Now"] and then (whomever!) stand on the beach and say "I love the smell of Napalm in the morning."

OK, maybe some innocents will be affected. Maybe some of the captured crews will suffer. But if action, a much needed international action, was to take place one can only hope that a determined and winning scenario ends in victory - unlike the morass (i.e. confused situation) that the USA had in Vietnam or the ignominous failure and fiasco that ended with "Blackhawk Down."
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captcct
10:02 AM on 02/23/2011
PART 1 - The Solution To The Somalian Piracy Debacle

Sometimes it becomes necessary, whether moral or not, for action against a situation that requires a more catalytic outcome to deter those who prey upon others whether their actions are ill-begotten or financially motivated/determined due to conditions that have been thrust onto them through lack of government and/or stability or sheer starvation.

Letting the matter get out of hand, and from lackluster international bureaucracy by other hierarchies (UN) has led to the unwanted escalation of piracy off Somalia not only affecting merchant ships and their crews but also smaller vessels like the yacht sailing around the globe with silly people trying to convert people in a variety of countries to Christianity.

Here's a thought: if God had wanted the entire world to be Christian he/she would not have created a Muslim or other race. The world would then be in harmony, everyone would feast off the land, pestilence and hunger would not exist, and wars between nations would be deterred and banned. So, so much for the Bible, the Vatican, and so much for God! and Allah!
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2warvet
I have nitrogen narcosis, what's your excuse?
10:02 AM on 02/23/2011
Why is anyone surprised that the UN AMISOM is failing to achieve their stated goals? It is the UN and they never do well without US assistance.
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captcct
09:41 AM on 02/24/2011
Yes, it can be concluded to the UN - all the gorillas that it has. Welcome to Planet of the Apes.
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Peter Combs
Amused by the illogical..no, NOT a Republican
08:49 AM on 02/23/2011
As of yesterday , over 700 people are currently being held by these maniacs. At this point the only option is a shoot on sight order for any boat leaving the Somali Coast line. It will shut down their fishing industry and isolate them, but I can see no other choice.

The other issue that never gets focused on, is many (most) of these guys are Jihadists and a percentage of their take goes to support terrorism.

Start sinking these boats on site, we have satelites, drones and GPS guided rockets.
09:27 AM on 02/23/2011
Carpet-bomb the entire coastline.

No boats, no pirates, problem solved.
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captcct
12:15 PM on 02/23/2011
Exactly, as prior, and see my comment/s. No I am not a war mongerer... but for gawds sake just do it, i.e. get the job done without the BS.
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captcct
04:58 PM on 02/23/2011
And make sure you have a gold earring in the ear (now! is that left or right?) A pirates earring was to ensure that if left behind on some island, or washed ashore, that he/she would get a decent Christian burial when the depths of death loomed. LOL
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captcct
12:13 PM on 02/23/2011
Exactly... see my comment/s. Fanned and faved.
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JTWallace
08:03 AM on 02/23/2011
Either we do something or we do nothing. So far, nothing is what works for the pirates. They have free reign. If shippers don't conceal weapons and other means of protection, you can bet, these terrorists are going to continue. With easy pickings, anyone is vulnerable without a means of protection. Individual yachts, pleasure boats or any vessel with passengers are just begging to be attacked. Are pirates criminals or just adventurous devils conducting random acts? They are deadly criminals!!