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Kecia Ali

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HuffJummah: How Enemies Become Allies

Posted: 03/16/2012 7:29 am

"My name is Hind bint 'Utba. You killed my father. Prepare to die."

It's election year in America, a time when our public discussions center on power and who ought to wield it. The big struggle is less over specific legislative agendas and more over who controls the narrative and frames the issues. Is the key term progress? Tradition? Freedom? Who represents its authentic voice? In polarizing debates and campaign rhetoric, legitimate differences of opinion become the occasion for demonization of opponents. An undercurrent of fear stokes the accusations hurled back and forth. Some explicitly assert that "our" way of life is threatened.

This is a powerful motivating idea. It was also, according to Mustafa Akkad's 1977 movie "The Message," the reason for early Meccan opposition to Islam. The film tells the story of the Prophet Muhammad's career, from the first revelation in 610 to the conquest of Mecca 20 years later. Filmed in English and Arabic (with separate casts) it has been translated into many languages, and is shown worldwide during Ramadan. Its soundtrack has become iconic, and the movie itself is now a beloved classic, though it was originally somewhat controversial.

Akkad, who also directed the "Halloween" films, sought to ward off objections by choosing not to show the Prophet's face or voice. Moreover, to avoid offending sensibilities -- or seeming to favor Sunni or Shiite views -- neither Abu Bakr nor Ali appears, 'Umar and 'Uthman are absent, and the Prophet's wives and daughters are likewise missing. Leaving out these major players leaves a gaping hole in the conventional story. Akkad fills it with Mecca's pagan power couple, implacable opponents of the Prophet and his followers: Abu Sufyan and Hind bint 'Utba.

Abu Sufyan and Hind lead Meccan elite opposition to the new monotheism not because it threatens their theology but because it threatens their livelihood (they make money from the Kaaba's idols) and their way of life. In Akkad's vision, Islam threatens the entrenched social order, promising racial equality, liberation of women and economic justice. But it also tears apart families. Sons disobey fathers and turn toward a community of faith instead. The stakes become increasingly personal: Hind's brother and father perish in clashes with Muslims.

Apart from one martyred convert who gets a few minutes of screen time, Hind is the movie's only real female character. Though she's one of the bad guys, she is not a caricature. She has range and depth and a little bit of crazy. Like Inigo Montoya in "The Princess Bride," Hind's personal loss makes her obsessed with vengeance against the Prophet's uncle Hamza, the man who slew her father. Hind's quest for retaliation eventually finds to her crouched over Hamza's corpse -- she paid a mercenary slave to kill him -- ripping out his liver to dine on it. (The liver was thought to be the seat of emotions; the parallel today would be ripping out someone's heart.)

Hind is central in "The Message" though she appears only a few times in classical Muslim accounts of early Islam, apart from her battlefield declamation over the slain Hamza. (Her temperament is not sweetened after she accepts Islam: When she takes the oath of loyalty, where the Prophet asks that the Meccan women swear not kill their children, she retorts, referring to a battle where many Meccans died, "Have you left us any after Badr?")

Hind and Abu Sufyan were late and reluctant converts, never part of Muhammad's inner circle despite his marriage to their daughter Umm Habiba prior to Mecca's conquest. (Like nearly everything associated with Muhammad's marriages, this gets left out of the film.) Their belated and grudging recognition that they were wrong is necessary to the film's triumphalist narrative, yet they are humbled but not defeated. Their son Mu'awiya became Caliph in 656. When his son Yazid succeeded him (martyring the Prophet's grandson Husayn along the way), a hereditary dynasty was born and the Meccan elite were back in power. The Message ends before this happens. Its concluding voiceover does not discuss how an upstart socio-religious movement becomes mainstream enough to wield imperial power.

Is there a lesson for attentive viewers appropriate for our current polarized political climate? A pessimistic reading of this history might suggest that status and power are not easily defeated; radical reform movements can deal setbacks but rarely death-blows to existing norms. A more hopeful interpretation, guided by Akkad's relentlessly human portrayal of Hind in particular, would suggest that enemies can become allies, and that even reluctant allies can help build a lasting, humane community. In any case, it can remind us that religion has the capacity to be the voice of the status quo or the justification of revolutionary, transformative social ethic.

 
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
gloriaswanson43
Ask and you will get more info.
12:22 AM on 03/17/2012
The enemy of my enemy is my friend?
02:02 PM on 03/16/2012
I was raised with the teachings to believe God sent his son, a man to die on the cross by men. With all the education on everything, I always look back on my early days when I was in the church. I do believe in a higher power and I'm rewarded in my own ways, but never blessed with true knowledge, immortal heath or material items.

I have made my own thoughts that do not always fit true words of any religion. As I live, I do not always understand words some one may speak or wright on paper. There for I drift away into my soul of thought when trying to understand history and religions.

I base my thoughts on how to interpret something I do not understand. If I was to wright something I do not fully understand or feel a reader will not understand. I will use something familiar to them or I in order to help others understand and I may wright the same thing in many ways to get the point across.
08:18 PM on 03/16/2012
When a smarter person wrights for someone in the future. How will you get your idea expressed to them? Will you wight it in ten languages? Will you use another fake name and wright it all with another angle to reflect the light you want the reader to see?
Will you use ten verses to show the light on the same topic with out letting the reader know you just used ten ways to get one idea across?

What will happen to your work when it is lost and found? What will someone re-wrights to make it more understandable for them? what will be lost in translation?

It all comes down to the Good Lord. there really is a good lord you just do not see it as good.
Man is good or they would not kill others to help other live the good life and yes, good does kill the bad and their bad deeds.

God Blessed you with pure goodness and you have no idea he even exists.
Just crazy.
08:25 PM on 03/16/2012
I'm sort of the same, believe in a Higher Power. Though I don't have an organised religion.
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Cindy Tregan
Proud D.F.H. Lib'rul
01:48 PM on 03/16/2012
So, let me get this straight... you're saying that in order for enemies to become "friends", one of the "enemies" - the aggressor - needs to murder all the children of his "enemy" and destroy their lives and livelihoods - and then the "enemy" will reluctantly "Convert" to the aggressor's way of thinking and embrace it?

Hogstwaddle. Keep your "Islam" to yourself. Don't want it, don't need it - and if your "Allah" is so weak that you have to murder folks to get them to believe in "him" - then he's too weak to be a "god".
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foxfury
12:00 PM on 03/17/2012
Hear hear! What you've said is specifically why we need to teach logic, reasoning and critical thinking to kids instead of religious superstition! F&F
Tax the church!
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busterggi
I'm a Sally Randian
11:50 AM on 03/16/2012
History shows that the best way for enemies to become friends is to find a third group they can team-up on to destroy.
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SoapboxKing
12:30 PM on 03/16/2012
Which is a position that the US has been taking for decades.
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10:09 AM on 03/16/2012
how do enemies become friends?

by choosing not to be enemies

maybe sharing dinner and a movie together

and having some hot snogging after

then lots of children and much happiness :3
08:46 AM on 03/16/2012
Often what appears to be about religion is actually about perceived injustice. Hind is an example of this. She felt the need to "get even". Getting even is about feeling equal. As long as there is that imbalance, there will be an actual or the threat of a struggle. Feeling equal means letting go of our own needs and working for the common good which is sometimes the equality we create in order to restore harmony.

Quran says: It may be that God will ordain love between you and those whom you hold as enemies. For God has power over all things; and God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful. (60:7)

Its only one sentence yet it speaks deeply to about how to become peaceful with possible enemies. Most Sacred Books have similar verses.

God said, "Resemble Me; just as I repay good for evil so do you also repay good for evil." (Exodus 26:2)

Do good to him who has done you an injury. (Tao Te Ching)

Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good. (Romans 12:21)

Peace be with you. Peace be with us all.
09:19 AM on 03/16/2012
They do not give or sell them words in Islamic States.

It that the American Quran quote 60:7 ?
11:24 AM on 03/16/2012
You're right. Some parts of the world which claim to be Islamic are the ones who prefer to practice a tyrannical way vs. the merciful way. We are totally in agreement there. Islam, as a message of mercy, is practiced and understood by more and more people who realize that the iron fist rulers have not represented Islam as it was intended. I hope one day all these parts of the world will live the Islam that says: “And We have sent you (Muhammad) not but as a mercy for all the worlds.” (21:107)

Too many Muslims have forgotten that or they have not had the opportunity to learn about mercy because their governments show no mercy.

Do you mean is it the Quran in English vs. Arabic?
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Cindy Tregan
Proud D.F.H. Lib'rul
01:51 PM on 03/16/2012
So.... beheading innocent folks who just happen to live in countries where you disagree politically is "Good"?

Gotcha....
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Saint Cynicism
02:23 PM on 03/16/2012
That's probably the most flawed logic I've seen on this site to date. Just because a book says something and people do the opposite doesn't mean the book is the problem.

For a non-religious example: If you try to drive to work without starting the car, and it doesn't work out, it's not the owner's manual's fault, is it?
02:46 PM on 03/16/2012
What gives you the impression I approve of beheading innocent people? I am not following how you got that impression from what I wrote.