iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Linda Darling-Hammond

GET UPDATES FROM Linda Darling-Hammond
 

Maybe it's Time to Ask the Teachers?

Posted: 03/20/2012 1:16 pm

American teachers deal with a lot: low pay, growing class sizes and escalating teacher-bashing from politicians and pundits. Federal testing and accountability mandates under No Child Left Behind and, more recently, Race to the Top, have added layers of bureaucracy while eliminating much of the creativity and authentic learning that makes teaching enjoyable. Tack on the recession's massive teacher layoffs and other school cuts, plus the challenges of trying to compensate for increasing child poverty, homelessness, and food insecurity, and you get a trifecta of disincentives to become, or remain, a teacher.

Indeed, this year's MetLife teacher satisfaction survey, the 28th such assessment of teacher, parent, and student perspectives on how school life is going, shows the impact of these conditions. Teacher job satisfaction has dropped 15 points since 2009, from 59 percent who were very satisfied to 44 percent, the lowest level in over 20 years. The percentage of teachers who say they are likely to leave the profession has increased by 12 points -- from 17 percent to 29 percent -- now nearing a third of all teachers.

Much has changed in those two years; in 2009, the impacts of recession-based cuts had yet to fully hit schools. Larger classes; laid-off colleagues; cuts to libraries, physical education, foreign languages, arts and music; and reductions in supports like health care, counseling, and afterschool programs that help low-income students overcome impediments to effective learning -- all factor into teachers' decisions about whether to stay on the job. Teachers, parents and students surveyed all reported rising levels of economic insecurity, hunger, poor health, homelessness and anxiety over lack of sufficient resources to pay for household basics. In my own region of Northern California, child homelessness has increased by more than 30 percent in the last two years, with some districts seeing more than 1 in 10 of their students without homes.

At the same time, public discussion and policy increasingly place the full weight of these problems on teachers alone. Despite repeated warnings from leading scholars that test-based "value-added" ratings cannot be reliably used to evaluate individual teachers because they reflect home and other school factors as much as the teacher him or herself, more states are urging that they be used to fire and reward teachers. This is particularly problematic given evidence that teachers' ratings decline when they teach the neediest students -- especially new English learners and students with disabilities.

Indeed, New York State's new policy effectively makes continuing to teach contingent on such test-based ratings, and New York City recently insisted on publishing teachers' names alongside their ratings. This created a furor as it became clear that the scores are wildly unstable from year to year and across subjects, are often based on inaccurate data, and appear unrelated to the known successes of good teachers or the failings of poor ones. This is prompting many great teachers to make plans to leave a profession they loveand children who need them.

Bill Gates noted in a recent op-ed in the New York Times that "using employee evaluations to embarrass people," is something a smart firm like Microsoft would never even contemplate, "much less publish in a newspaper." Even if it is legal, he points out, "as a harbinger of education policy in the United States, it is a big mistake," because "the surest way to weaken [systematic teacher development] is to twist it into a capricious exercise in public shaming."

The problem is not only that the ratings are poor measures of actual effectiveness, but that such policies fundamentally misunderstand what drives teachers to improve and to stay in tough jobs. In his recent best-seller Drive, Daniel Pink draws on years of research to confirm that the personal satisfaction of getting the job done right -- in this case, teaching students well -- is at the core of our drive. That's why bonuses handed out to teachers based largely on test scores turn out not to improve achievement and are often resisted by teachers who want support to succeed, not bribes that undermine intrinsic motivation and collaboration.

We have never heard more policy rhetoric about the importance of developing, recruiting, and retaining strong teachers, especially in our most troubled schools. Ironically, our policies have also never done more to ensure that good teachers will have little incentive to serve and stay in those schools. We need to get the incentives right. According to the Met Life survey, that means enacting a Broader Bolder Approach: treating teachers as professionals, providing them with opportunities to learn with one another and improve their practice, ensuring that schools offer decent teaching and learning conditions, and supporting children with the services that enable them to be ready to learn each day.

 
 
 
  • Comments
  • 38
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
04:19 PM on 03/26/2012
One innovative way for teachers to collaborate and establish their own goals and objectives is through teacher-led schools that forgo hiring a principal. These teachers are building coalitions that are joint efforts in bettering their schools. And since these teachers are the ones dealing with students and education on a daily basis, they are the most qualified to determine the best methods for success. This overall idea of teacher input is a necessary component to finding a solution for the failing school system, a solution that is by teachers and for teachers.
04:19 PM on 03/26/2012
This disconnect creates different solutions, between teachers and administration or policymakers, which have optimistic motives but through inadequate implementation are less helpful and less efficient. If teachers were the ones giving input then the students would be the ones directly benefitting. Without the participation of teachers in education reform, there is no commitment from someone who will actually carry out these proposed solutions. Teachers are vital parts in not only gaining information for education reform but for the actual execution and results.

The solution is not as easy as gathering leading teachers in a room and asking them to figure out a common answer. Instead the solution includes a collaboration of teachers and functions that support their inputs. Roundtables with teachers such as one held at the White House at the end of 2011 exemplify ways that teachers can be rallied and asked suggestions on what improvements they need to help their students succeed. During the 2011 roundtable, one teacher highlights that the most inspiring part of the seminar was not listening to national executives or politicians but experiencing teacher-led discussions. These national roundtables give teachers the opportunity to share, communicate, and learn from one another but more importantly, build goals to better the education system. On a local, school-by-school basis, the roundtables can be applied as a forum where teachers unite to find ways to improve their individual schools...
04:18 PM on 03/26/2012
Dear Ms. Darling-Hammond,

Your post is an excellent portrayal of the current lack of teacher input in the reform and improvement of the American education system. Although a large proportion of criticism for the nation’s failing system is blamed on teachers, there is little attention given to what teachers need to succeed. While most initiatives are trying to change the structure of the education system and transform teachers into synonymous teaching machines, only a few are focusing on action steps that teachers can use in the classroom every day that can directly improve student achievement. Many solutions are proposing incentives to entice teachers to improve. But teachers are not driven by paychecks, bonuses, or praise. Instead their real incentives are seeing their students grasp material, grow as individuals, and leave the classroom prepared for the next grade. Administration and policymakers tend to overlook this fact and instead propose to first change the administration and structure. The Los Angeles Unified School District recently distributed $175 million to the improvement of the school board instead of contributing the money towards the actual schools. A recent article by David Lyell shows that this large sum would better fight the achievement gap if directly donated to Title I, II and III schools instead of going towards the district management. Lyell, a 13-year LAUSD veteran teacher, disagrees with this allocation of funds demonstrating a lack of a communication and solitary plan between administration and teachers...
01:28 PM on 04/11/2012
Agreed. LD-H has been a faux ally of teachers for decades. I'm not that impressed with this essay. I've read this kind of well-intentioned academicspeak for decades. Talk is cheap and no one at university levels gives anything but lip service to teachers actually running schools. Why should they? There's no money in teacher autonomy. There's much more money in training for 'management' levels, and politicians and universities keep 'arranging' school system leadership that perversely incentivizes the most pay to people farthest away from the direct services to children in the classroom -- where the REAL professionals serve the public.
04:23 PM on 03/23/2012
The elements of motivation according to Daniel Pink in his excellent book "Drive" are Mastery, Autonomy, and Purpose (MAP). If you are driven to find out as much as possible about your students, your curriculum, and the pedagogy that helps students learn, you are seeking mastery. If you have a say about how you meet your goals and objectives you have autonomy and if teaching is related to your purpose for being on this planet, then you understand what it means to be intrinsically motivated. Teaching can provide all these elements and be a rewarding and fulfilling career as long as you are able to keep your focus on why you became a teacher in the first place.
03:08 PM on 03/23/2012
Spot on! Can you send this to Supt.Deasy in LAUSD?
been2there
Facts have a liberal bias.
12:49 AM on 03/23/2012
One of the worst, and least acknowledged, problems is abusive principals--and they are legion. Good teachers are being driven out by idiots who try to substitute intimidation for authority, meddling micro-management for leadership, and negativity for constructive criticism. Such principals will never earn the respect they need to do the job really well; they may bring a brief increase in test scores, but the damage done in the process more than cancels any improvement.
photo
mlaiuppa
Pres. Sarcasm Society. Like we need your approval.
09:07 PM on 03/22/2012
Well, I'm surprised Mr. Value-Added Evaluation isn't in favor of public shaming.

I wonder where Eli Broad and Michelle Rhee stand?

Nothing like making teachers wear a scarlet letter on their chests or stars on armbands to attract the brightest and best into a profession quickly being dismantled and deformed into a minimum wage Walmart equivalent wage slave job anyone thinks they can do.

What next? Are we going to tattoo teachers who we deem failures so they will never be hired by anyone for any job?

This public vilification is past enough.

You think it's so easy? You do it. See what kind of teachers you're going to recruit now. Forget the math and science students. Forget the brightest and best. You'll be lucky if anyone volunteers to go into decades of student loan debt to participate in an underpaid and overworked profession that is publicly shamed, ridiculed and scorned.

I expected this from Republicans. I didn't expect it from the Obama administration.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ifquilt
07:15 PM on 03/22/2012
Good article posting to Facebook.
photo
tazmodious
Left Hand of Darkness
06:22 PM on 03/22/2012
"that means enacting a Broader Bolder Approach: treating teachers as professionals, providing them with opportunities to learn with one another and improve their practice, ensuring that schools offer decent teaching and learning conditions, and supporting children with the services that enable them to be ready to learn each day. "

Too little, too late and it's going to get a whole lot worse. I'm done with teaching. What a waste of time and money that was, when I could have stayed in my previous science career. I'm hoping my improved people and project management skills will be recognized as a benefit to future employers.

Many teachers told me not to go into teaching, including half of my greater family who are or were teachers, but I rufused to listen. Live and Learn I guess.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ifquilt
07:06 PM on 03/22/2012
You will be missed. But ya gotta do what gives you peace of mind. We need more teachers who have worked in real professions. My neighbor was a physicist got a job at a highschool. Was laid off for internal political reasons. What a waste of talent. Now he works at a charter school. And helps my kids with Math for free.; )
12:03 AM on 03/23/2012
Worked in REAL professions??? Eeesh. That comment just proves the point. Teaching isn't considered a real profession. It's no wonder teachers are leaving in droves.
01:48 PM on 03/25/2012
REAL professions??? We already have WAY too many MBA's trying to run schools like businesses (something that's been proven to be a HUGE waste of time & money). Business people need to stay where they are, playing with their assembly lines and widgets and leave the matter of dealing with actual people to the teachers who understand how to do so. If you need more clarification, do a search for "the blueberry story"...maybe then you'll understand. Teaching is not only a REAL profession, it's just about the only irreplaceable profession. Get some actual knowledge before you post.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
tultican
Thomas Ultican, MEd. BS Mecahnical Engineering
02:16 PM on 03/22/2012
The only viable path to improved education, which is education that develops a whole morally correct creative individual who loves learning, is by professionalizing teaching. National and state standards de-professionalize teaching, ossify curriculum and severely inhibit differentiated instruction. Narrowed curriculums based on faulty testing regimes stifle creativity and undermine the student’s intellectual need. High standards should be set by the professional in the classroom based on their observation of the needs of the student. How to improve teaching practices and react to the external environment should be informed by a peer-reviewed process led by professional educators. Politicians and billionaires are not professional educators who have not deeply studied the process. Common core is another terrible idea that is going to drive more great teachers out of teaching and destroy the creativity of more students.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ifquilt
07:10 PM on 03/22/2012
You didn't know that anybody who went to school is an expert? I agree with your idea. That is what boulder be happening. Mr. Rodgers said learning should be deep and simple nor superficial and complex. That is what kids crAve. Time to think process and enjoy their personal journey. Right now I feel like we are training monkeys to pass a test.
11:32 PM on 03/24/2012
Amen! Politicians ..yuk!
photo
mlaiuppa
Pres. Sarcasm Society. Like we need your approval.
09:09 PM on 03/22/2012
We've been professionalized for years.

It's the right that has been systematically dismantling the teacher profession for years.

You can spot them because of the frequent use of talking points like "accountability" and "value-added evaluation".
photo
Rhonda Harvey
Teacher, writer, trivia queen.
10:09 AM on 03/22/2012
I'm in my 19th year of teaching. I went into the profession, NOT because I couldn't find another job, but because I wanted to make a difference. Some days I feel that I'm accomplishing that, but others, I feel drained, exhausted, unsupported, disrespected, maligned, even attacked. EVERY time there's a negative report about teachers, we ALL look bad. And it seems that all news media outlets are SEEKING these negative reports--when was the last time you read about the teacher who spent his or her own money to feed and clothe his or her students? And yet I can PROMISE it happens. OFTEN.

No job is perfect, as no person is, yet it seems to me that teachers are being held to a higher standard. People are quick to malign teachers' hours, yet I can promise you that MOST of us work many more than 40 hours per week. People complain that teachers have summers off, yet MOST of us are attending workshops of one type or another to make us better teachers. We are coaches, cheerleaders, advisers, surrogate parents, AND teachers. And we deserve more than a LITTLE respect.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ifquilt
07:11 PM on 03/22/2012
Agree!
08:01 PM on 03/22/2012
High five on all THAT, Rhonda Harvey.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Captjashook
Pine on Skull
09:32 AM on 03/22/2012
Can we please start by clearly explaining what my job is. Then give me the resources to succeed at my job. Simple really.

On the one hand, I have District officials, Federal and State policies that keep adding layer upon layer to my responsibilities. On the other hand, I have a voting public that won't raise the taxes to support the new layers of responsibility. I keep getting to told to build a house with 20 nails and rock for a hammer. {0.o}
04:05 PM on 03/21/2012
I feel modestly vindicated, as I've been saying pretty much the same thing for some years. I'm glad I retired early at 59 1/2 (in 2001) because I don't think I would survive under NCLB. As a retired physical educator, I have great sympathy for my colleagues still in the game. Even though NCLB doesn't affect us directly via the testing regimen, the loss of staff/increase in already large class sizes, loss of funding, constant removal of students from our classes makes quality, creative, effective teaching an even bigger challenge than ever. I keep telling college Kinesiology students that the chance to influence a child's life is an amazing opportunity, but I'm not sure my enthusiasm in doing so is as great as it used to be.
photo
mlaiuppa
Pres. Sarcasm Society. Like we need your approval.
09:35 PM on 03/22/2012
Tell them how many you had in your classes.

55? 60?

That's how large PE classes were at the middle school I taught at ten years ago.

I'm a teacher librarian, MLIS and National Board Certified. I'm teaching music because budget cuts have eliminated all of the library positions. I'm in excess again this year. Fourth time in four years. I'll probably be teaching 6th grade next year.
02:23 PM on 03/21/2012
Yes, everyone knows the issues with education but who is going to fix them? When I worked in the private sector everyone was focused on solving a problem or taking advantage of opportunities. Does anyone in the public sector have these skills? That was rhetorical. The problem has been defined, now solve it!
01:14 AM on 03/22/2012
Honestly do you know who has the answers, teachers. You should see how many ideas teachers would like to implement but meet so much resistance. School districts operate in a manner that before any idea is implemented we have to go through years of study and debate before we'll consider it while teachers often have plans to implement them and teachers are willing to work with districts in being transparent but it's met with so much resistance. People think it's unions or other crap or teachers are resistant to change, teachers aren't resistant to change, they're resistant to stupid meaningless change. School districts do everything possible to micromanage because of fear. They think the more rules they have they more they can protect students but it is really about protecting their own backs, not teachers or students.
06:27 AM on 03/22/2012
Problems created in state or federal legislatures can't be solved elsewhere. What you need is to repeal or change the laws.

Unless you get elected, the only way to effect that change is to draw attention to the damage the misguided laws are doing. In other words, you publicly say the things this article said.
04:30 AM on 03/21/2012
It is unrealistic to expect the teacher to be the sauve of every social problem. Let teachers teach and let social workers deal with the social issues.

If a child is so damaged that they will not or cannot learn, then they should be removed from the classroom until they are able to function at some reasonable level.