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Martin Marty

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Trust: The Heart of Religion

Posted: 12/21/10 07:34 PM ET

Wearied by the decline and fall of trust relations in most sectors of society, many have had to seek energy from beyond the headlines. Politics, economics, religion, commerce and family life are zones where trust is so broken that for many the temptation to feel defeatist or to grow cynical is almost overwhelming. From "beyond the headlines," then, can one find some alternatives to denial, indifference or despair?

Religion and religions ought to have something to say, both about the sad situation and possible ways to transcend it as steps toward recovering trust. Religions advertise these as a specialty. Thus in most versions of the Christian faith "trust" is central, right next to its kin, "faith," along with hope and love, yet that centrality often gets obscured. I was brought up on a catechism which explained the First Commandment simply: "We are to fear, love, and trust God above all things." That's fine for catechism class, Sunday or Sabbath school, or parochial settings. But it's hard to sell that within a pluralist, multi-religion, multi-Commandment culture. So, "forget it!?" Millions did.

I was first jolted into taking a second look by reading essays by Joseph J. Godfrey, S.J., who began writing in the 1990s that "Trust" is "The Heart of Religion." At home with non-Christian faiths, he spun the globe and found the cognate concepts -- hold on! -- sraddha, visvasa, bittachon, emunah, and pistis to be "key" in Vedantist, Buddhist, Hebrew, and Christian texts. Mercifully, I don't have to -- and couldn't -- give scholarly scrutiny to these. I have to trust Father Godfrey and his interpretation of the texts and terms. My interest is in asking what use such terms and the decisions to regard them as central can mean in our cultures which we call secular and pluralistic. The answer: plenty!

Trust can be used first as a measure for reform of the faiths and their institutions. Trust them? "You should talk!" is an understandable response if the headline-making activities of the faiths get covered up by advocates. Renewed trust in the divine, however experienced and defined, can provide a standard by which to measure human trust, which necessitates taking risks. Libraries are full of books referring to people of faith exercising trust heroically, and seeing it pay off in human relations. I'd like to stress a third feature: while many go it alone, not trusting institutions or texts or traditions to guide, judge or inspire them, the majority in all those faiths mentioned by Godfrey depend upon community, and they inspire association and common activities.

In a world where trust in "the other" otherwise gets obscured or dissolved because of the size and distance of huge realms where trust is needed, millions of the faithful get to practice trusting. They do so through charitable giving and activity, depending on each other for words and acts of support and challenge, and creating settings where people come to know each other enough to take risks. They are not alone in these efforts, of course; people of non-faith can also develop what I call "cultures of trust." But those who through faith experience realities that go beyond the bounds where human frailty is all that seems at hand can have special reasons for developing trust.

Doing so will not restore integrity to large financial institutions, political agencies, media, or get any of the other out-size and apparently irredeemable forces to shape up and win trust tomorrow. But whoever has experienced the risks others have taken as they exercise trust can help bring back the rewards that come as trust relations begin to grow. I guess those who do so will agree with Professor Godfrey: trust is the heart of the important things, especially of religion and religions.

 
Wearied by the decline and fall of trust relations in most sectors of society, many have had to seek energy from beyond the headlines. Politics, economics, religion, commerce and family life are zones...
Wearied by the decline and fall of trust relations in most sectors of society, many have had to seek energy from beyond the headlines. Politics, economics, religion, commerce and family life are zones...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DangerousTalk
National Atheist Examiner - http://exm.nr/j1EA0c
10:21 AM on 01/02/2011
Trust is the heart of religion? I thought believing in the ridiculous stories on insufficient evidence was the heart of religion.
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massjim
Dem? Repub? Is there a difference?
01:18 PM on 01/02/2011
Yes, I think self-deception is more accurate.
07:08 PM on 01/17/2011
Like being a "progressive"?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
logicanada
Blogger, radio co-host, writer, editor, voice-over
11:25 PM on 01/01/2011
The idea of religious zealots letting themselves fall backwards off a cliff (as the cartoon portrays) appeals to me. Sell it to the Westboro folks.
03:11 PM on 01/01/2011
Trust and sharing underlie all progress of humanity. All religions teach it but, until now, it has not anchored in the world. That soon will change.
"My plan is to show you this, to teach you that when man discovers in himself the ability to share, to love, to trust, from that moment begins his ascent to God. It was always so and always shall be so."

"Man is an emerging God and thus requires the formation of modes of living which will allow this God to flourish. How can you be content with the modes within which you now live: when millions starve and die in squalor; when the rich parade their wealth before the poor; when each man is his neighbour’s enemy; when no man trusts his brother? For how long must you live thus, My friends? For how long can you support this degradation?
My plan and My duty is to reveal to you a new way, a way forward which will permit the divine in man to shine forth. Thus do I speak gravely, My friends and brothers. Hearken well to My words. Man must change or die: there is no other course. When you see this you will gladly take up My Cause, and show that for man exists a future bathed in Light."
- Messages from Maitreya the Crist
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LightShadow62
The answers are not found in the extremes
03:42 AM on 01/01/2011
Blind faith is not the same as trust.
conservo
Tea Partier, Atheist, Libertarian, Objectivist
08:44 PM on 12/31/2010
A good rule of thumb:
Anytime someone tells you to accept something on trust (without verifying) OR 'blind faith'---------------RUN......very fast!
04:52 PM on 12/31/2010
Trust should be based on repeatable, verifiable, facts and results.

I don't think deity-driven phenomenon fall into either of these categories.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
phnxrth
12:34 PM on 01/01/2011
To me the problem lies in the difference between deity driven phenomenon and what can be perceived or sold as such. But yeah, the first sentence is irrefutable. I don't even get where the whole community, risk taking thing comes into play. Too rich for my blood.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
eilish
Life ain't like a box of chocolates
03:32 PM on 12/31/2010
I have a problem with the trust issue. My Mormon stepson took his family to Northern AZ to a small temple so the kids could do baptisms for the dead. The kids didn't want to go, roads were already under heavy snowfall, at the time some were closed. The family wound up staying overnight and are heading home with kids and taking their chances on continued mountain road closures.

So? There's a 12 year old boy who became ill with a very high fever and since his mother doesn't believe in vaccination I get concerned. What does the parent do? Gives the kid a 'health blessing' and takes off anyway, trusting in God that all will be well because they did the 'right thing' and went to do baptisms for dead people. Trusting that God will care for their sick child, not even taking him to a doctor.

As a former 3rd gen Mormon, I got really tired of hearing 'do the right thing and trust in God' to the point of total lost common sense in decision making. Until I became a thinking adult I never questioned that doing the right thing has multiple interpretations.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
12:29 PM on 12/30/2010
That was interesting.  From a Buddhist pov, even though the idea of supernatural beings is beside the point of human happiness, there is the crucial point in the story of Buddha's enlightenment where trust in reality is the point.   Buddha vows to sit under that tree, come whatever, until he is enlightened.  When the moment happens, Buddha touches the earth in front of him "to bear witness".   He trusts reality. 
schatsie
banks are more dangerous than standing armies
05:53 PM on 01/01/2011
I am not sure what you mean by trust in reality, that sounds a bit ummmm I don't know....I think in mindfulness, you are not trusting, just experiencing each moment and choosing how your are going to experience that moment......Think about eating, just prepping including washing, cutting cooking, then smelling, tasting chewing swallowing etc...we do it everyday, but do we do it with attention or in a state of distraction.....Driving, do we go on autopilot with the radio etc, or do we decrease stimulation and pay attention to the trees, the sunshine, the rain, the smell of the rain...If you just get up some day and turn off the TV and Radio and PC, it is a different type of day that returns you to your basic senses, the basic senses that we are hopefully all blessed with and the ones who are not blessed are more appreciative of the senses that they do have....hugs...
10:03 AM on 12/28/2010
Trusting blindly opens the door to abuse of that trust. People are taught not to trust their own instincts in religious institutions. It is dangerous and destructive. It undermines our self confidence and ability to think for ourselves. It lures the weak minded who would kill and destroy in the name of religion. Religion has run it's course. We no longer need blind trust and superstition but reason to solve the worlds problems.
schatsie
banks are more dangerous than standing armies
12:10 PM on 12/30/2010
I agree with you entirely.... There are 4 immeasurables, joy, love, compassion and equanimity and they are totally under our own control.....Even that poor woman who died of anorexia was loving in sharing her experience....and joy, how can one not feel joyful looking into a child's eyes or seeing the sun rise or set....and compassion, how can we ignore our brothers and sisters....and then equanimity that we treasure our own peace of mind....
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
phnxrth
12:57 PM on 01/01/2011
The whole concept of religion can be scary. To a thug, thug life is religion. To the power hungry, power is religion. Devil worship is a religion. Whatever I devoutly worship, that's my religion. Let the churches stay in the business of elevating mankind. They may not accomplish enough in my lifetime to attract me, but I guess I can dream.
01:55 PM on 12/30/2010
I second schatsie's endorsement. Blind trust and superstition cost my mother her home and its equity.
conservo
Tea Partier, Atheist, Libertarian, Objectivist
09:05 PM on 12/31/2010
I know an elderly lady that is totally unable to care for herself. She gives every bit of money that she has to the church. She is unable to meet her basic needs but she is adament that god will provide AND that she is doing the right thing because her generosity will all come back to her in the afterlife. Her children are frustrated because any money that they give her for her needs ---she gives away to the church, as well. The church clergy know this but haven't made any attempts to remedy the problem (that I am aware of).
This is a prime example of what 'absolute trust' and 'blind faith' will get you---a prime target for abuse.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
feliznavidad
Fierce liberal
10:21 PM on 12/27/2010
Trust -- an old fashioned virtue --- alas, it's often mistaken for gullibility -- but you are talking about a condition of the heart -- not checking your brain in at the vestibule of a church. Thanks, Dr. Marty, for speaking on behalf of a long lost art -- trusting -- and, it's converse -- being trustworthy.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Dan Jighter
07:23 PM on 12/28/2010
Trust is not a virtue. You should at best trust things that have proven trustworthy (as demonstrated by independent verification) and even then only with a grain of salt. To trust any more than that is a vice.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
phnxrth
01:06 PM on 01/01/2011
This is a case where the comments are much more important than the article. And the article wasn't half bad till he climbed on the community risk wagon. Aren't we all currently paying enough in the name of community based risk?
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paleoimage
I'm happy to live in a fact based world
04:32 PM on 12/27/2010
What's that advice one is always given ? Trust... but verify. Oh wait, you can't verify anything that you have to accept on faith. At the heart of all religions is the requirement to suspend reality in favor of accepting the paranormal.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
feliznavidad
Fierce liberal
10:15 PM on 12/27/2010
You misunderstand religions and the spiritual quest. It's not tarot card reading.
07:38 AM on 12/27/2010
I place trust in friends, not in baseless superstitions.
10:47 PM on 12/26/2010
When and what will be the turning point that will make folks leave religion and look to themselves for whatever spirituality that they need. People are so lazy when it comes to religion. They relinquish the most Important aspect of themselves to a stranger ( minister, priest or shaman of some sort) to guide them through their life path and no one on this earth actually knows more about what is our purpose than any other. We have been duped.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
phnxrth
01:11 PM on 01/01/2011
This may be the best comment I ever read on HP.
06:09 PM on 12/26/2010
I trusted Jim and tammy Fae.
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12:13 PM on 12/26/2010
Trust is the backbone of every fraud especially this oldest of all frauds, religion. Without trust, no fraud can succeed.
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Donald Rappe
Im old! Perhaps my thinking is rigid.
04:15 AM on 01/01/2011
Trust is also the backbone of every human society that has ever existed. There is a reason the adjective "blind" must be put before trust to express what most critics are here criticizing. The fact that so few even seem to understand what the word "trust" means is a central point of Marty's article.