Failure is not in falling down, but in refusing to get up. --Chinese Proverb
There are dark clouds gathering on the horizon. They are the clouds of six hugely troubling global trends, climate change being just one of the six. Individually, each of these trends is a potential civilization buster. Collectively, they are converging to form the perfect storm--a storm of such magnitude that it will dwarf anything that mankind has ever seen. If we are unsuccessful in our attempts to calm this storm, without a doubt it will destroy life as we know it on Planet Earth!
There is a popular saying that "the definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting a different result." If we keep doing business in the same way as we have for the past century, each of these six trends will continue their steep rates of decline, collapsing the natural systems that form the foundation for our civilization and the lifeblood of the global economy. Perhaps the current Gulf oil spill is the wake up call that mankind needs to snap us out of our complacency, realize that we are soiling our nest and that continuation of "business as usual" will destroy the world as we know it? Time will tell whether we heed this warning, go back sleep once the oil spill is contained, or simply tire of the endless media coverage, numb ourselves, and set these critical issues to the side.
We already have the technology and the means to turn this dark tide, but we lack the commitment to make the hard choices and sweeping changes that are necessary for shifting the future of our world from its current course of collapse to a new course of sustainability.
The following six trends are converging to form the perfect storm for global destruction, each of which is a potential civilization buster in its own right, if left unchecked:
1. Climate Change: with a 90% degree of certainty, the world's top scientists believe that our planet's climate is changing at an accelerating pace, that these changes are caused by man, and will have increasingly severe consequences for our world. Naysayers stress the 10% scientific probability that man is not the cause of current climate changes, but would you board a plane if you were told it had a 9 out of 10 chance of crashing? It is a rare person over the age of thirty who will tell you that the weather is not quite different now from when they were a child. Certainly far more erratic, though not necessarily always hotter.
Recent estimates by a collaborative team of climate scientists, including a group from MIT, calculate that even if we implemented the most stringent greenhouse gas limits currently proposed by some of the world's governments, it is quite likely that our world's climate will warm by 6.3F or more over the next century, leading to disastrous crop failures in most of the world's productive farmlands and "breadbaskets".
2. Peak Oil: Our global economy and culture are built largely upon a reliance on cheap oil. From the cars we drive, to the jets we fly, to the buildings we live in, to the food we eat, to the clothes we wear--almost everything that encompasses the fabric of our modern life is either powered by oil, built from oil, or made/grown via machines powered by oil. When the price of oil rose to $140 a barrel in 2008, the world's economy went into a tailspin--collapsing local economies, reducing consumption, and bringing the price of oil back down to a fraction of what it had been just a few months earlier. Global output of traditional crude oil peaked around 2005-2006 and is currently declining. Expensive alternate oil and oil-equivalent sources, like tar sands, deep ocean oil wells, and bio fuels have taken up the slack for the time being, but these are limited resources and their utilization is not growing as quickly as anticipated to fill in the gap caused by the shrinking output from the world's mature oil fields. In 2008 the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimated that decline at a rate of the world's mature oil fields at 9.1% annually, with a drop to "only" 6.4% if huge capital investments are made to implement "Enhanced Oil Recovery" technologies on a massive scale.
Without developing energy alternatives at warp speed, or discovering and developing an entire Saudi Arabia's worth of oil every few years from now until eternity (an impossible fantasy), our world will be in a heap of trouble if and when the economy starts to pop back and supply once again falls short of demand, resulting in more oil price spikes followed by another round of crashes. In the mid 1960s, when discoveries of new oil reserves reached their historical peak, we were discovering oil at a rate four times faster than we were consuming it. In recent years, the tables have turned. With technology that is miles beyond what was available in 1960, we are discovering about 1/10th as much oil each year as we did then, but consuming it at a rate five times faster than we discover it. That's like charging $100,000 dollars on our credit cards each year, and only paying off $20,000. How long can we keep that up before we bankrupt the system? For years, governments have been official naysayers about the "Peak Oil theory". However, in April the US military issued a report saying, "By 2012 surplus oil production capacity could entirely disappear, and as early as 2015, the shortfall in output could reach 10 million barrels per day."
3. Collapse of the World's Oceans: with 11 out of 15 of the world's major fisheries either in collapse, or in danger of collapse, our world's oceans are in serious trouble! The ocean's planktons form the bottom of both the food chain and the bulk of the carbon-oxygen cycle for our planet. According to a recent British government report, the oceans have lost 73% of their zooplankton since 1960, and over 50% of this decline has been since 1990, and the phytoplanktons are also in serious decline! Unfortunately, the coral reefs aren't doing much better than the planktons. By 2004, an estimated 20 percent of the world's coral reefs had been destroyed (up from just 11 percent in 2000), an additional 24 percent were close to collapsing, and another 26 percent were under long-term threat of collapse.
4. Deforestation: Over 50% of the world's forests have already disappeared, and much of the rest is in threatened. Deforestation contributes approximately 25% of all global greenhouse gasses, nearly double the 14% that transportation and industry sectors each contribute. Additionally, the forests of the world are a critical part of the weather cycle as well as the carbon-oxygen cycle. Each large mature tree acts as a giant water pump, recycling millions of gallons of water back into the atmosphere via evaporation from its leaves or needles. It has been estimated that a single large rainforest or coniferous tree has an evaporative surface area roughly equal to a 40 acre lake. When the trees are decimated in a region, a process called "desertification" tends to occur downwind because the trees are no longer there to pump groundwater back into the atmosphere to fall back to Earth as additional rainfall at some down wind location.
5. The Global Food Crisis: Soils, Weather and Water. For the first time since the "green revolution" started, our world is producing less food each year, yet its population continues to rise as we loose more top soil, arable land, and have less water for irrigation. Climate change is currently contributing more to losses than technology is to gains. In 2008 and 2009, food riots threatened the stability of many governments. In 2010 extended droughts in the breadbaskets of both China and India are threatening the food supply for over 1/3 of the world's population!
6. Over Population: This is the elephant in the room that few are talking about. In the last decade, we have added more people to the population of our planet than were added between the births of Jesus and Abraham Lincoln. In the mid 1980s our world first overshot its capacity to provide for its human population, yet this population continues to grow and we continue to live on borrowed time. One thousand years after Jesus walked the Earth, human population was around 1/2 billion. Eight hundred years later this population doubled to 1 billion. It took only 130 more years to double to 2 billion in 1930. When I was a kid in 1960, world population hit 3 billion people and it only took another 40 years to double to 6 billion in the year 2000.
It is anticipated that the world's population will reach 7 billion in the year 2012, meaning that between the start of the year 2000 and the end of 2012 (barring some huge catastrophe that kills hundreds of millions), more people will have been added to the population of our world than lived on the entire planet just two hundred years ago! There is simply no way we can achieve a sustainable future unless our population stops growing and starts shrinking. Either nature will do this for us, with starvation and plagues spreading across the planet as our natural and man-made systems fall apart, or mankind will use its intelligence and free will to proactively implement positive solutions to these issues.
My intention is not just to bum you out, but to do my part in sounding the alarm for a massive wake up call to start taking the sort of wide ranging actions that will be required in order to succeed in changing the course of our "Titanic" (planet Earth) to dodge the iceberg of global collapse. Averting collapse will not be easy, but it is far better that the alternative! Highly motivated societies have shown that they are able to marshal huge forces to accomplish great things. When Hitler joined forces with Mussolini and Japan, the threat was great enough to unite the Russians and Americans with the rest of the world in a common goal.
If we could put humans on the moon, build the Panama Canal, defeat Hitler, and rebuild Europe after WWII, why can't we unite to create a viable planetary civilization? So far, we lack not the means, but only the will and the leadership. In general, people lead and governments follow. It took massive action on the part of millions of people in the abolitionist movement to finally put a candidate in power (Lincoln) who was willing to do something about it, and for the suffrage movement to finally force governments to grant women the right to vote. Though none of us will individually alter the course of the universe, collectively we can do this! Just as the German people were asked how they could have allowed the Holocaust to take place before their very eyes, do we wish to be held accountable by future generations for allowing the approaching "Perfect Storm" to devastate our world while we had the knowledge and technology to change its course?
We must do what we can. Always. At night we must go to sleep knowing that we have done our best, and there is no more you can do than that. Do not let the problems overwhelm you. Start somewhere, anywhere, with just the smallest gesture of compassion, and you have made a dent against the evil of the world. --Gottfried Muller, in Thom Hartmann's The Prophet's Way
Matthew Stein is the author of When Technology Fails: A Manual for Self-Reliance, Sustainability, and Surviving the Long Emergency from Chelsea Green. For more information, visit chelseagreen.com and whentechfails.com.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's data show clearly that the Earth has been heating up over the past 130 years, and especially over the past 30 years.
I would add that we have a strong (and possibly fatal) preference for tunnel vision. Despite the useful "perfect storm" metaphor, we still hear people being reprimanded to "keep on the topic" if they try, in a discussion on, say, deforestation, to bring in human overpopulation, they are dismissed because they don't act in accordance with the unwritten rules of debate which insist that topics belong in silos.
You carefully avoid any critic of capitalism and cupidity and rush to money. To push people to have less children means to create a sustainable Bismarckian health and retirement insurance. It will never be done with such a slavery-capitalistic system, either Chinese, either American. It is not only technology which falls but the "sink or swim" system.
1) Co2 traps heat the atmosphere.This is a fact.
2) Humans have directly increased co2 in the atmosphere through burning of fosil fuels. Co2 has gone up enormously since the industrial revolution. This is also a measurable fact.
3) Global temperatures have risen with he increase in Co2. Also an empirical fact.
an other question is what are the consequences of Mr Kenedy "Kenedy Round"
It's not necessary for a modern lifestyle to equate with environmental destruction - in fact that's what we're trying to solve. And when we do, we'll be able to see that it's not the sheer numbers of people on the planet that matter, but their impact. As you said, population growth in countries with minimal impact is not as damaging to the planet as adding more Americans. So ultimately its not about birth control, it's about De-Coupling - breaking the links between population and environmental destruction.
Excuse me, but if we run out of food, won't the population problem correct itself? If we run out of hydrocarbons, won't global cooling go away?
When riding my bicycle to go shopping for food, I notice that not many people ride. When I ride past a school, it appears that every child is transported to school in a motor vehicle. In Florida! With 30% unemployment.
Even though almost all of the Nobel winners agree there is global warming, the temperature in Atlantic Central Florida is nice. About 85 degrees in the afternoon. The Atlantic ocean hasn't flooded my house yet.
How many nuclear reactors would it take to power the world? How many to create the electrical power to desalinize the needed water to reforest the Sahara Desert? 500? 1000? 10000?
This will happen when it needs to happen.
Relax! There are plenty of really, really, really smart people to solve these problems. You know the ones. You meet about 2 or 3 in your life.
In my neighborhood, the parents load the kids into the monster SUV and drive them to the end of the driveway, less than 200 ft away, to catch the school bus. They sit there idling at the end of the driveway until the bus comes. The bus stops at one house, then the next one, about 250 ft further down the road.
This isn't on just bad weather days, it's every day.
On a practical matter, books like The Transition Handbook, and my own When Technology Fails, help people and communities prepare and plan for a time when local economies may be the only thing functioning decently. I believe in doing what you can for the big picture and in being practical for your self and family. Not keen about "survival at all costs" or living in a "Mad-Max world", but also not claiming to really know how this will all shake out over the next decade or two.
http://www.chrismartenson.com/crashcourse.
We convert 10 units of oil energy into 1 unit of food energy on the fork.
In effect we eat oil.
This has enabled us to grow the population from 1.5 billion before the discovery of oil 85 years ago to 6.7 Billion now.
And now the rate of oil extraction is peaking.
If the decline in oil extraction is 3.5% per annum we will be down to 20% extraction rate in 2050. (This is the nature of the exponential function.)
We eat oil.
Guess what happens next.
Right now, when it comes to the news of peak oil and climate, I think I'm in the bargaining stage. I'm trying to see what low oil or no-oil solutions are practical to save energy and reduce emissions. I've built an electric car, built a solar array and I'm working on solar hot water. I'm also using a bicycle a lot more and started a garden. I've even moved to a walkable community so I'm able to shop for most of what I need on foot. I hope to eventually get a job closer to home or simply work from home. Will these solutions work? Dunno. But I'm sharing my experiences with anyone who will listen. If I'm wrong, hey, I'll just be a guy who has low utility bills, does gardening as a hobby and saves a bit by no longer needing auto-insurance. If I'm right, the times ahead will be interesting indeed.
My compliments.
I continue to think that the problems identified by the author are insignificant.
The soverign debt crisis is a much larger problem and much more immediate for the developed world.
By reducing your overhead and reducing your dependence on the grid, you've placed yourself well, whether Stein is right, or I am.
I am proceeding in a similar way, although I don't have your options.
Again, my compliments.
The combination of the things mentioned in the article can reinforce the bad effects. The timing of some of them are sooner than we like to think, or are led to believe.
The diversion of work and money into trivial things has increased. Building and saving to smooth and change with the future is almost nil.
Leaders are now followers. Doing what we wish for, instead of getting us to do what is needed. There is a massive don't worry be happy media. Presidents saying keep on shopping. Blame is a hot potato that is passed till it cools, and penance is postponed, if ever even assigned.
Evil intent seems to have been erased, hallelujah, just honest mistakes now, nobody to blame.
Don't drill baby drill. Build baby build. Build smarter. Build warmer and cooler. Build solar, wind, hydro. Build transit, build the economy, build it to last into the future.
Your contention about climate change is unsupported by recent science. Nobody knows, including you, what's going to happen. Your prediction of warming is unsupportable.
Proven oil reserves continue to increase. As oil increases in price (not anytime soon, by the way) we'll transition to natural gas and coal.
The oceans are not near collapse, unless you believe the advocacy groups with a financial stake in that perception.
The rain forests are regrowing at a rapid pace. As 1.5% of tropical forests are logged, regrowth is occurring in 4%. Economic incentives to convert forest to farm are dropping.
There is no food crisis that is not the result of crappy governance, which is the real crisis in most of the third world. A system of private property, rigorously enforced laws is needed.
You must know that demographic trends are astounding demographers the world over, as even African and Asian trends are toward smaller families and longer life. the world's population will peak at something like 8 billion at about 2040.
The fact that you lead with global warming as a threat is ridiculous.
Your graph is fantasy.
You might have started with, clean water, malaria, poor governance, or other serious problems, but that wouldn't sell books, would it?
How about the most serious problem for the first world? Demographic trends and unfunded obligations. Financial collapse looms as Europe and the United States default on soverign debt.
That's the real problem.
You don't know squat about me.
I'll check back to see if you can refute anything I wrote.
Certain large companies reserves increase as they buy up reserves found by others. Overall, for decades now, new discoveries have lagged usage. Our usage is propped up over the decades by the super giant fields, that are now decreasing in output.
REPEAT, new reserves have been less, year on year. A fact. New discoveries are generally smaller every year. Harder to retrieve. Lesser quality.
If you are including, oil shale and oil sands in reserves, they are the poorest grade, most expensive and least return on money and energy to get to usable oil products. Quantity is important, more than quantity at some point.
If we don't fix the way our economy is going, the out of control government spending, our debt and deficits, and the amount of money spent on entitlements and illegal aliens, we may be lucky to not collapse our, and the worlds economy in the next couple years, that is a far larger problem that anything you mentioned.
http://gsociology.icaap.org/report/demsum.html
In this case, the trend is your friend.
How about some temperature data, that tracks mortality and disease with temperature?
http://www.heartland.org/events/2010Chicago/PowerPoints/Monday%20-%20Session%203/Track%202%20-%20Science%202/Indur_Goklany.ppt
Higher mortality is clearly associate with low temperatures, and not high temperatures.