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Michael Mungai

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The Bait of Christian Fundamentalism in Africa

Posted: 08/24/11 01:27 PM ET

I grew up in the hovels of Dagoretti, an impoverished suburb in the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya. Raised by an unemployed single mother, my two siblings and I would take turns missing school to babysit our baby brother while our mother went to work. She would be employed to hand-wash clothes in the neighborhood, till people's gardens, or fetch water from distant sources due to constant water rationing. Despite her misfortune, she always believed that education was the best gift she could afford for us. I was an ardent student in primary school, always on top of my class. I developed a specific interest in the subject of Christian Religious Education (C.R.E).

When I was in Standard Three (equivalent to third grade in the U.S.), we were studying the biblical story of Cain and Abel. According to the lesson, Cain went to a land called Nod after he killed his brother. He got married and had a son called Enoch. Trying to understand the story better, I asked my C.R.E teacher whether Cain married his sister, because I assumed they were the only family on earth at that time. Instead of an explanation, my teacher caned my bottom and accused me of being an agent of the devil. "Who did you think you are to question biblical facts?" she yelled between thrashes. Reflecting back now, this is probably where I began questioning the veracity of Biblical literalism.

Growing older and struggling to survive, I would go to nearby evangelical churches looking for food and clothes. To receive any assistance, you had to be "born again" and regularly attending that particular church. I became "born again" more than seven times, hopping from one church to another in search of food. I found this easier than joining the Catholic Church. While opportunities available at Catholic-run organizations were better, especially when it came to education scholarships, the conditions they offered before baptism were too tedious (unless one was genuinely interested in joining, which I wasn't).

Evangelical churches were ubiquitous in Dagoretti. You would risk walking into a church by merely walking out of your house, yet you were more likely to die from an illness before you reach the nearest hospital. Our next-door neighbor, who was a "commercial sex worker," contracted AIDS while fending for her family. She was a single mother of five. Her friends took her to a hospital where she was put under anti-retroviral treatment. While she was convalescing at her house, my family used to help her and her children. A local pastor started coming to her house to pray for her. He convinced her that her faith would heal her if she truly believed. After a while, she stopped taking her medication. As a result, her health deteriorated and she died shortly afterwards. Her death opened my eyes to the dangers of Christian fundamentalism.

Now a few years after, I've seen this scourge extend to the scope of national policy, particularly in my neighboring country of Uganda. Funded and supported by right-wing American missionaries, David Bahati, an evangelical Ugandan politician, recently attempted to pass a law that sought the death sentence for homosexuals. The threat of religious fundamentalism is nothing new in Uganda; its government has been dealing with the Lord's Resistance Army insurgency that seeks to establish a theocracy guided by the biblical Ten Commandments since 1987. The LRA, composed mainly of forced child-soldiers, has been accused of abductions, rape, sexual enslavement of young girls and murder of innocent Ugandans.

There's a Swahili proverb that says that when elephants fight, the grass suffers. This is the case of condoms and Africa. Pope Benedict XVI's infamous repudiation of condom use is at the expense of human lives. Africa is home to more than a hundred million Catholics who look upon the Pope as a moral authority. His declaration stood in spite of the recorded infecundity of abstinence-only programs in controlling the spread of HIV. The Pope's view are congruous to the Catholic Church's position when matters involving human sexuality are concerned, and the Church's opposition to the use of contraception has elicited a correlation of large families and lower life expectancy in the world's poorest continent.

I don't intend to throw the baby out with the bathwater; many right-wing religious organizations deserve credit for prevalent humanitarian initiatives in Africa. But the problem with their altruism is that it usually involves proselytizing. To illustrate how Christian fundamentalists' altruism works in Africa, it's as easy as pointing to the popular Pirates of the Caribbean movies. One of the characters in the film, Davy Jones, finds sinking sea-men who are in despair. He offers them the opportunity to live, but under his brutal, perpetual servitude. Responding to a humanitarian crisis, e.g. famine, by "converting" the victims as you help them, would be no different. It would be predation at its best and it would violate the Kantian Categorical Imperative of treating human beings only as an end and not as a means to an end. Now I Kant (pun intended) talk about ethics without remembering that my mother's dream of educating me was realized. Despite the odds, I now have a dual degree in Economics and Philosophy, and from a Catholic university.

In 2005, I finally met a religious-based organization that was willing to assist without prerequisites of conversion or baptism. While working with a street-children rehabilitation organization that I co-founded in Dagoretti, I met a student from Saint Joseph's University, a Jesuit college in Philadelphia, PA. He assisted me in securing a full scholarship at the school. I am now working on a Master's in International Marketing. When I came to the United States, I was relieved to find out that there are many religious organizations, like my university, which are committed to serve humanity without expedient agendas. We could use more of them in Africa, in addition to more secular organizations that foster reason and advance human rights, before we lose the continent to the ilk of David Bahati.

 
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
whatwasthat
Hakuna Matata
09:43 PM on 09/26/2011
I feel for you and your horrible experience with the christian church in Kenya.
But i hope you have the grace to acknowledge the immense good that the church has done in Kenya. Every orphanage, and i mean EVERY, is either Anglican or Catholic or Presbyterian. There is an uplifting of the human spirit that would not have been possible, were it not for these Christians that you so hate. One life experience does not speak for what goes on.
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Wairimu
anti-extremist (of all stripes)
03:29 PM on 09/22/2011
Brilliant post Mungai. It captures all I think is wrong with religion and religiosity in our fair continent (and the West too).
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Michael Mungai
11:30 AM on 09/28/2011
Thank you Wairimu.
06:02 PM on 09/05/2011
Hi Mike. I agree about 90%. Although I found you at a church, I never made you go to mine. I must admit I never saw so many "churches" squeezed into such a small geographical area as Dagoretti. About the food, if they really were Christian churches it was their mandate to feed the hungry - no questions asked. Unfortunately, churches are made by and made up of human beings and some of those store front pastors were as poor as fish they were trying to catch. And I guess it is a fault of human nature to expect more from an organization or even a person who has the name "Christian' attached. Don't stress about it - after all they were fulfilling their mandate and you were filling your stomach. The bigger question to me is how do we prevent the hunger in the first place so women don't have to sell their bodies for a bag of unga and kids don't have to pretend to be "saved" to stay alive. I always believed education is the door out of poverty. But there will always be people out there ready to "make a buck" any way they can. To paraphrase PT Barum: There's a sucker born again every minute.
Divine thought
hate knows that love's the cure
11:46 PM on 08/27/2011
Wow! This speaks volumes. I have been on one mission trip and I had mixed feelings about some aspects of how things were done. The Mission Project in Africa seems to be a double edged sword. Part of me says God knows them and they know God. Do they have to have a colonialized religion to get to heaven? This cuts deep and I am torn.
06:06 PM on 09/05/2011
No they don't! They don't need any religion at all.
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10:58 AM on 08/27/2011
Fundamentalists of every religious stripe demand a litmus test of those being forgiven, receiving charity, etc. In reality, this is a control mechanism they use to show their superiority. Oddly enough, these mechanisms eventually create conditions that fracture the movements they are espousing.
06:13 PM on 09/05/2011
Oh you of little faith! It is not a control mechanism, it is a marketing technique! And from the number of Christian churches in Africa, it has worked very well. Capitalism at its best! BOGO, 20% off, buy the coffee -get the milk for free.
09:37 AM on 08/27/2011
Be wary of Christians bearing gifts. Christian missionary organizations have done as much to destroy local and even national cultures as have multinational corporations. Insidious and dangerous.
08:19 AM on 08/27/2011
Every religious fundamentalism is stupidity no matter the religion. I'm catholic myslef (of a non religious nonbeliver kind) who more or less subscribes to theology of liberation (Jesus was one of first socialists with live and let live attitude). I'd prefer to have Ratzinger of the 60's before he sold out than what he became now (he was quite a revolutionary back then).
I'm also a "born again" devil's advocate (try explaning this to some fundie) except i never did and naver will advocate for religious fundamentalists or as i call them religious idiots/morons (that is too much even for me). To me it is simply amazing (in WTF sort of way) how someone can read bible and belive all of it as a dogma. We are talking about a book that was firstly written as propaganda piece by anciant Hebrews who BTW were plagiarising the surounding religious texts of Sumerians, Greeks..... later got added few politicaly chosen evangels about Jesus (emperor Constantine who with few by him chosen bishops supervised the selection at council of Nicaea) and then edited for approx. 2000 years to suit/justify bunch of power hungry emperors/kings and power hungry church who labeled anyone not subscribing to their specific theology as heretic that deserves to be killed (i.e. nowdays preaching hate in the name of love).
The subscription of many religious sects as "convert and we'll help you not to die of whatever" is IMHO a particular betrayal of any religion
04:24 AM on 08/27/2011
Michael, someone would be forgiven to think you are throwing a jab at the hand that fed you, because while your experience is graphic and overt, - and amusing, there are a million more subtle ways that charities manipulate the recipients of their benevolence that need to be exposed.
In Africa, donors fund projects based on proposals developed by organizations most of which have a religious agendum with proselytizing as an indicator of the success of the projects. A church development committee will not allow a project to be anchored in their church if it does not contribute to the mission of that church. Of course, in what I call religious nepotism, the church members development committees members are the first to be enrolled in the project, their friends and family, and then the Michael Mungai's proselytes-for-aid crowd.
To be fair, some of the donors have no idea what goes on in those project boardrooms, nor how hungry children have to attend compulsory classes and chant verses to "qualify" to receive a meal, or school fees, or books or blankets, or a trip!
This is where the buck stops.......the desperation to meet the perceived, ay, mistaken "requirements" of donors by desperate proposal writers-for-hire.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sugarpops
05:54 PM on 08/26/2011
I remember when I was going to Catholic grade school we were encouraged to buy "pagan babies". There were different amounts for boys than girls because the boys were supposed to be educated as well as clothed and feed.
Looking back it seems that the nuns and the Catholic church were squeezing little kids out of their allowances.
To be honest I did get an excellent education but I consider myself a "recovering Catholic" and really dislike the current pope.
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sugarpops
06:03 PM on 08/26/2011
The more I think about it I realize it was just another way the Catholic church used to fleece the flock.
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04:32 PM on 08/26/2011
While this site states that it is primarily concerned with the unethical conversion of Buddhists to Christianity and Islam in Sri Lanka, I'm sure some, if not many, of the same tactics and strategies are likely used worldwide.

'Unethical Conversion Watch'
http://unethicalconversionwatch.org/
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OneFish
Various and assorted mutualistic microbial buddies
03:36 PM on 08/26/2011
Ahh, the Mother Theresa effect - I call that classic Christianity.
02:32 PM on 08/26/2011
It really does say alot about peoples principles when they consider it a charity to make honest men liars in order to get food to live.
12:42 PM on 08/26/2011
So what are you guys doing to help the poor in Africa?
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colah
Sometimes I sit & think. Sometimes I just sit.
11:22 PM on 08/26/2011
www.richarddawkins.com

Zero dogma.
Zero brainwashing.
PATOISJAM
reason: strategize: succeed
12:14 PM on 08/26/2011
I really hate this sort of thing. Religion is a mess. What does one's wellbeing (being fed, educated, housed and treated humanely) have to do with baptism and religion?

Attaching being fed treated well and being given services to religion trivialize God's requirement for a spiritual person.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
gavrielle
Empty... Empty... Empty...
10:55 AM on 08/26/2011
Coercing anyone to convert for any reason is a sin that sits upon the heads of those who do the coercing. There's a big surprise waiting for Mr. Bahati and his ilk when they reach the other side. And it's not what they imagine it to be. Far from it. For those who have been coerced into converting for the sake of survival, no sin is attached, even if they "stray" from the path or lose faith entirely. God does not punish people for trying to survive unless they do it at the expense of someone else's life - and even that's negotiable if the person feels true remorse for their actions. He punishes those who have the means to aid them - and didn't - because they preferred to stroke their own egos by counting coup in the form of "saving" souls.