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Michael Shermer

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My Day in Dealey Plaza: Why JFK Was Killed by a Lone Assassin

Posted: 12/14/10 06:20 PM ET

On Tuesday, December 7, I walked through and around Dealey Plaza in Dallas where JFK was assassinated by a lone assassin Lee Harvey Oswald (LHO). Or was he? A lone assassin, that is? Yes, he was, but that is not what anyone giving informal tours of the plaza will have you believe if you give them a few minutes (and a few bucks).

I was in town filming a documentary for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The subject was conspiracy theories, so it was with some irony that we happened to be filming on December 7 because there are many conspiracy theories surrounding that date as well, a date that will live in infamy, as Franklin Roosevelt so crowned that fateful day in 1941, because he supposedly either helped orchestrate the attack on Pearl Harbor or else he knew about the attack and allowed it to happen in order to galvanize the American public into supporting England against the Nazis and getting the United States into the war.

There is no more to the Pearl Harbor conspiracy theory than there is that President Bush helped orchestrate 9/11 or knew about the pending attack and allowed it to happen in order to unite the American public into supporting his wars of aggression in the Middle East. Nevertheless, there is something particularly appealing to conspiracy theorists when they describe "what really happened" in their alternative universe of events. You can see it in their eyes when they begin to talk about what "they" want or don't want you to know about said event.

This was certainly the case for me when I interviewed several conspiracy theorists hanging around Dealey Plaza that day. Their eye light up and they grow ever more animated (and even agitated) as their story grows in complexity about all the different people, elements, and events that almost miraculously (it would be a miracle in most re-tellings) came together to assassinate JFK. One fellow had so many people involved in the assassination that they would have needed a small sports arena to meet to plan out the day. This improbability seems to bother conspiracy theorists not one tiny bit, as they spin out their narratives, drawing you down their causal pathway that resulted in the end of Camelot.

The most striking thing about being in Dealey Plaza for me was how small it is. Perhaps because the assassination itself was bigger than life we expect the geography to match the eventuality, but that is certainly not the case here. Two X's on the street mark where JFK was hit: first in the throat causing his arms to move up and splay out, and second where the bullet found its cranial mark and literally blew his brains out (and, according to one conspiricist there, sent the skull cap flying across the street and onto the adjacent lawn). What is astounding is how close both X's are to the sniper's next in the Book Depository building. Both from the street level looking up and from the window looking down (there is a museum on the sixth floor from which you can gain the perspective of the assassin), it seems clear that Oswald could hardly have missed. Given the fact that he was designated a sharpshooter by the Marines during his time in the service, and the fact that Kennedy's car was traveling less than 10 miles per hour after making the sharp left turn onto Elm street, one is left whispering under one's breath, "Kennedy was a sitting duck."

Look at the two photographs at the end of this post, each taken from one of the X's on the street (I tried to snap a pic from the sniper's nest, but this must be a problem for the museum because in addition to "No Photography" signs there is a guard standing there the entire time). The window from which Oswald fired is the square window on the far right of the building, second from the top.

Is it really necessary to invent additional assassins when it is obvious that one could have done the job? No. LHO acted alone in killing JFK. QED.

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02:27 PM on 12/27/2010
Mr. Shermer,
The Marine Commandant filed a report with the Warren Commission: Oswald was a "rather poor shot."
The quote is from the Marines.
He never practiced with the Mannlicher-Carcano.
No credible witness saw him fire any weapon at JFK. Sorry, you can't use Brennan who saw LHO on tv before he made an ID and he wasn't reliable for what he said anyway.
The neutron activation analysis test of his cheek was negative for firing the Mannlicher-Carcano and when control tests were done with seven other people all were positive. When the FBI learned
of these results Hoover then order all agents to keep quiet about them, and this official
finding never made it into the Warren Report, thus keeping it out of the public mind.
But you can find it today in the National Archives.
School Book Depository employee Jack Dougherty, swore, emphatically, to the Warren Commission that Oswald entered the building on Nov. 22 without a rifle or any other package in his hands.
Let's use Occam's Razor here: the simplest explanation given all this official evidence is that
Oswald did not fire that weapon on November 22, 1963.
12:31 AM on 12/20/2010
Shermer has built himself a fame of professional ignorance by deriding individuals who claim conspiracies that do not exist. In this case, he goes a little too far. If he cared to check the official record--i.e. the latest U.S. findings--on the JFK murder, he would "know" that a) the Warren report was probably a conspiracy and b) there were at least 2 shooters.

Shermer alludes to Pearl Harbor. A quick YouTube search would let him know that U.S. congressmen were upset enough to get some Washington insiders to testify that they knew of the impending attack and determine that they "neglected" to pass that information to Pacific naval commanders.

When it comes to 9/11, the more videos Shermer sees of Building 7, the further in the sand he buries his head.

Would Shermer be preparing himself for a job in an upcoming Department of Truth? Per Orwell's "1984," he may have the right profile to persuade dissidents to accept the official truth that 2+2=5.

Love,
01:08 PM on 12/18/2010
Marksman or no, anyone who has ever pulled the trigger on a gun knows that following a moving target is a challenge. It is possible to 'lead' the target, but a second shot is made much more difficult by the recoil of the gun. The second shot only happens after reacquiring the target, then re-establishing the lead. Any hunter who has shot from a high tree stand will tell you this, and tree stands are typically only a dozen or so feet off the ground, maybe 20. Oswald was 60 feet up, with Kennedy moving horizontally across the target zone. The only thing in favor of Oswald was the decreasing angle of perspective as the car moved further away.

A much easier shot - not just the first shot, but the second as well - is where the target is moving either toward the shooter or away in a straight line, or at a very slight angle. 'Leading' a target is much easeir because the pace is much slower, and if a second shot is required, the target would not have moved very far from the place where the first shot was taken.
06:01 PM on 12/17/2010
after readin Oswald's Tale by Mailer, i believe LHO acted alone. i was amazed that there is so much info about LHO life. but then again, i recently watched Jesse Ventura's Conspiracy Theory on Tru TV. on the show they had E howard hunts death bed confession admitting to a conspiracy to kill Kennedy. Hunt looked like one of the 3 tramps photographed in dallas. oh my. i keep going back and forth on this. maybe LHO was not part of the conspiracy. the bottom line we will never know.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Ian Gurvitz
Writer
12:22 PM on 12/16/2010
Interesting POV. But QED? I don't think so. Too many oddities in the whole affair. How, in the Cold War 60s, does Lee Harvey Oswald defect to the Soviet Union, marry a Russian woman, then they both get to return to the U.S., no questions asked. Jack Ruby the enraged patriot who slips effortlessly into a police station to get to Oswald? How did he know where Oswald would be, and when he would be there? The Warren Commission was too pat, and too hasty. Definitely a rush to judgment. It's true that skepticism is sorely lacking in American life. The public buys into propaganda fobbed off as news and opinion. Hence the pathetic state of our political discourse. Still, it's also true that conspiracies do exist, and not all conspiracy theorists are conspiracy nuts. Just because you're paranoid doesn't mean that people aren't out to get you.
01:30 PM on 12/16/2010
When LHO was in Russia there were, I think about a dozen other American defectors. I read somewhere that the month he came home, they all came home.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
valhalladad
Freedom went out of style too soon
09:38 AM on 12/17/2010
Would be interesting to know where they were that day.
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anitaj
12:05 PM on 12/16/2010
"Is it really necessary to invent additional assassins when it is obvious that one could have done the job? No. LHO acted alone in killing JFK. QED."

Quod erat demonstrandum? Not so much.

However, it is a fine example of Occam's Razor. The simplest explanation tends to be the better one.
01:22 PM on 12/16/2010
The simplest explanation of the murder of a leader is that people have plotted in secret to oust him.
12:04 PM on 12/16/2010
Although I agree with your basic premise that Oswald alone was responsible for shooting the President, it is far from proven that he was not part of a wider conspiracy. Since it is a known fact that the mob also had assasination attempts planned in both Miami and Chicago in the weeks leading up to Dallas (also involving a lone gunman firing on the motorcade), since it is a known fact that leaders of the mob have admitted to the act, since it is a know fact that the CIA and the FBI had agents who were also on the payroll of the mob, since it is a known fact that Cubans the CIA had involved in assasination attempts on Castro were also members of the mob, since none of this could have been exposed without tying JFK's assasination to the same people the CIA had hired to kill Castro, it is no wonder that millions of CIA documents that should have been made public years ago are still being kept secret.
12:01 PM on 12/16/2010
Why Kennedy was allowed to travel through such open streets (in hostile territory no less) is beyond me. I know laws have been changed since then but the lack of security details was beyond felonous.
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11:36 AM on 12/16/2010
I have said the same thing for years - once you are standing on the 6th floor of the book depository building and look out you realize there is no reason for any conspiracy theory - it is obvious that someone with reasonable marksmanship could do all the damage necessary right from that perch - absolutely no doubt. All the crap about no time, bad angles. too far fly out the window once you look for yourself.
11:21 AM on 12/18/2010
You're obviously desparate for simplicity and easy answers, as all your posts indicate. People have been trying to tell you that you just can't make that shot, even one, with that junk rifle found in the building that day, much less two hits. The best shooters assembled couldn't duplicate that "feat". Marksman, sharpshooter, whatever Wikipedia says, is a standard designation given men who can put so many hits into a stationary target in boot camp. What flies out the window is apparently your need not to have to consider that there are, and were, bad people in our country.
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TRex86
Enjoying life in West Ohio
11:35 AM on 12/16/2010
I've walked Dealey Plaza too and witnessed the murder of Oswald on live TV. Coming from a self-style "skeptic" this is weak stuff. Sure, anyone could have assassinated JFK--or any three man shooter team too. That Oswald did it alone with that defective Italian carbine is a stretch, just based on attempts to duplicate the feat, and the meager evidence that he did it. (No nitrate test?) It's not surprising that reliable witnesses such as Kennedy's aides were bullied into changing their view that more than three shots were fired.

Resorting to false equivalencies between 9/11 truthers and Pearl harbor conspiratorialists is dishonest argumentation. All conspiracy theories are wrong because some are wrong? Feeble. At the end of the day, much of the reasonable skepticism about JFK's murder stems from the horribly mishandled investigation when Oswald was a live, talkative suspect. Most of us who think there's more to this case than the sanitized story feel that Oswald was probably involved, most likely as he claimed as a "patsy" fronting unwillingly for the real killers. there are still far too many loose ends to this crime. Finally, to believe that Jack Ruby shot Oswald because of concern for Jackie's feelings, please contact me for a bargain price on the Golden Gate Bridge.
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TheIndependenceParty
Cranky yankee and a rehabilitated ex-Republican
11:18 AM on 12/16/2010
With all due respect, there is not a single word in your post to substantiate your proposition that LHO acted alone. You observe that Dealey Plaza is a small venue, as if to say that the assassin could not have failed to achieve his goal because of his proximity to the President. And then you sarcastically cite your impression of the wide eyed conspiracy theorists, as if they were wandering zombie-like all over the Plaza, randomly seeking an audience for their foolish notions about that day.

But you don't mention the convenient discovery of the pristeen "Magic" bullet on a stretcher, or the falsified records of the autopsy, or even the evidence from the Zapruder film that the entry wound in JFK's fatal shot, was into the forehead, on the opposite side from LHO's vantage point. The number of lies concocted and disseminated in the aftermath of the assassination would lead any reasonable person to doubt the veracity of the Warren Commission findings, regardless what the truth of that day was.

It is more comforting to believe the world is orderly and and our leaders trustworthy, but that would not comport with the facts.

What you take for wide-eyed lunatics are simply Americans with their eyes open to very suspicious circumstances, and irrefutable evidence.

You have taken your acquiescence to these governmental conclusions, and turned it into a livelihood. Congratulations. While it is messier, I choose to remain skeptical of them, for they can not all be true.
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Randolph Greer
I am a Poet .
10:41 AM on 12/16/2010
I put up a post on this previously , but it was obviously not acceptable to the powers that be , concerning the identity of the person , I believe , was responsible for the assassination of John F. Kennedy . History is a curious thing . In order to really understand it , you have to be able to
see the big picture . It is the opposite of scientific exploration . The reason for this , is that human
beings are not "things" , they are "human." Instead of saying anything more and not having my
comment posted , I will simply refer to the most important book written about the assassination .
Why it happened ? Who did it ? How it was done ? The actual trigger man ? And the implementation of the act itself . The Book ........BLOOD , MONEY , AND POWER by Barr
McClellan . published by Hannover House .
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INVet
Truth has a liberal bias
10:20 AM on 12/16/2010
Is it more likely that a group of people could plan and committ the assassination of a President and cover it up for all these years or that there was a lone gunman?

I have seen the Kennedy Car in Detroit - and the seats are arranged in a way that would support the "single bullet" theory. I happen to support that LHO killed JFK - alone. How many have heard that he tried to assassinate a General before he killed JFK?
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noaxe397
09:12 AM on 12/16/2010
As I look at the photos in the article, and if I am looking at the correct window (far right, second from top,) then, regardless of distance, wouldn't those trees create something of a sight line issue for someone in that location?
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11:05 AM on 12/16/2010
This happened 47 years ago. Trees grow from little saplings.
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noaxe397
06:16 PM on 12/16/2010
Well, I guess we would need to see then what was there 47 years ago.
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Bon1042
01:37 AM on 12/16/2010
I remember reading in Crossfire by Jim Marrs... the daughter or niece of a man who had law enforcement background and/or great familiarity with weapons, said that on TV when the Dallas police came thru the crowd holding the outmoded bolt action Italian Manlicher Carcano rifle above their heads, he said "THAT'S not the gun." In other words given what had just happened, in his opinion the minute he saw the outmoded bolt action rifle he knew it cldn't possibly have been the weapon used.