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Michael Zimmerman, Ph.D.

Michael Zimmerman, Ph.D.

Posted: March 14, 2011 11:00 PM

Abortion, Scientific Denialism and Religious Fundamentalism


I have no doubt that what I write here will be misinterpreted. For that reason, I want to forego literary style and be absolutely blunt. I am not writing a column about abortion, either pro or con.

Yes, I have very strong personal opinions about the issue, but I am not writing about them now. Instead I am writing about another issue, an issue that has begun to play a role in the abortion debate, and an issue that undermines our society's ability to make rational decisions. Regardless of what many may claim, this is not a column about abortion.

My home state of Indiana stands ready to enact legislation that will require any woman seeking a legal abortion to undergo "medical" counseling. As the bill in the Indiana Assembly is currently written, part of that counseling must include informing the woman that terminating a pregnancy early will increase her chances of developing breast cancer.

Independent of any of the myriad issues that could be raised about this piece of legislation, the largest problem is that there is absolutely no medical data supporting the conclusion that legislators have built into the bill. The medical community, after extensive study, has come to as firm a conclusion on this issue as they have on any issue: early termination of pregnancy is unrelated to risk of developing breast cancer.

Many, including some legislators, prefer a different conclusion, but the data simply don't support their desires. The data are independent of religious conviction and political persuasion. The data provide no reason to believe that abortion and breast cancer are causally linked.

When wishes trump science, when desire pushes data aside, pseudoscience reigns.

Let's look beyond the rhetoric and at the studies themselves. The American Cancer Society (ACS) has a very informative page summarizing the largest and most important studies. Here's what it has to say about three of them:

The largest, and probably the most reliable study on this topic was done during the 1990s in Denmark, a country with very detailed medical records on all its citizens. In that study, all Danish women born between 1935 and 1978 (a total of 1.5 million women) were linked with the National Registry of Induced Abortions and with the Danish Cancer Registry ... After adjusting for known breast cancer risk factors, the researchers found that induced abortion(s) had no overall effect on the risk of breast cancer. The size of this study and the manner in which it was done provides good evidence that induced abortion does not affect a woman's risk of developing breast cancer.

Another large, prospective study was reported on by Harvard researchers in 2007. This study included more than 100,000 women who were between the ages of 29 and 46 at the start of the study in 1993. These women were followed until 2003 ... After adjusting for known breast cancer risk factors, the researchers found no link between either spontaneous or induced abortions and breast cancer.

The California Teachers Study also reported on more than 100,000 women in 2008 ... There was no difference in breast cancer risk between the group who had either spontaneous or induced abortions and those who had not had an abortion.

There's more. In 2009 the Committee on Gynecologic Practice of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists issued Opinion 434: Induced Abortion and Breast Cancer Risk. The abstract of that opinion leaves no opportunity for confusion:

The relationship between induced abortion and the subsequent development of breast cancer has been the subject of a substantial amount of epidemiologic study. Early studies of the relationship between prior induced abortion and breast cancer risk were methodologically flawed. More rigorous recent studies demonstrate no causal relationship between induced abortion and a subsequent increase in breast cancer risk.
Similarly, the ACS concludes, in no uncertain terms, that "the public is not well-served by false alarms. At this time, the scientific evidence does not support the notion that abortion of any kind raises the risk of breast cancer."

And yet Indiana is now poised to join five other states (Alaska, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas and West Virginia) in requiring that women be misinformed about this critical issue.

It's one thing to ignore well established scientific data but quite another to promote a position that has been demonstrated to be false. Those pushing this bill are, apparently, well aware that there's no medical evidence to support their demand that women be (mis)informed about the link between breast cancer and abortion. After all, they voted down a simple amendment that required that all information presented to women be "medically and scientifically accurate."

Yes, emotions run high when abortion is discussed - but that's no reason to lie to women in an attempt to scare them.

The rise in scientific illiteracy in society is a growing problem, a problem that has massive economic and health consequences. When some among us purposefully promote scientific illiteracy to advance their personal agendas, the problem is significantly increased. When those personal agendas are tied to religion, as they so often are in the debate over abortion or in the manufactured controversy over evolutionary theory, public passion is easily aroused. But arousing the public duplicitously should be acknowledged by all as the disgrace it is. Aiding and abetting ignorance via any means, but especially by lying, is immoral, even for those who may be doing so in the name of religion.

Women in Indiana and women across the world have a right to the best scientific information available. For politicians to require medical personnel to misinform women about something as basic as cancer risks is indefensible -- for any reason. That politicians opposed to abortion feel strongly about the issue does not justify their behavior.

This is not a column about abortion. Rather it is about those who would knowingly hijack science and willfully pervert its conclusions for partisan gain. We, regardless of our political or religious convictions, must make our voices heard.

 
 
 

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11:58 AM on 03/16/2011
If you are going to provide a literature review it helps the reader to see the other side. Surely those that believe Breast Cancer is linked to abortion got the information, however erroneous, from somewhere, and didn't completely fabricate it out of thin air, so where is that report(s)? Even if they have later been found to be largely false, in order for your article to have the hint of objectivity, we need to know this link was established and how it was later shown to be false. You only provided literary evidence from one side and that is not sound scholarly procedure.
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squirrely girl
Assistant Professor ~ Developmental Psychology
12:35 AM on 03/26/2011
You're more than welcome to go find those studies. Giving the debunked research equal presentation as the supported research is just poor form.
01:21 PM on 04/05/2011
"Surely those that believe Breast Cancer is linked to abortion got the informatio­n...and didn't completely fabricate it out of thin air"

I'm sorry to sound insulting, but that statement is very naive. Here's how this stuff works: someone does make it up out of thin air to promote their agenda. Then they tell their friends who have a similar agenda and who trust this person and fail to fact check. They then tell their friends, who also have a similar agenda and who also fail to fact check. Eventually, so many people believe it that it becomes "fact" and no one can trace back to where the information originated.
03:36 AM on 03/16/2011
It appears Indiana is stating scientific mistruths to reduce abortion. Many people believe reducing abortion is a laudable goal, but essentially lying to women is not the way to do it.

Germany requires counseling prior to abortion. Some women change their minds as a result of this counseling, thus reducing abortion. There is no evidence they lie to women to achieve that, which is what Indiana seems to want to do.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
03:23 AM on 03/16/2011
In their concern for the mother shouldn't the Republicans also advise a potential parent of the dangers of child birth as well?
05:56 PM on 03/23/2011
Well said. Thanks. And how about the medical danger to the baby if the mother has been consuming alcohol or drugs during the critical first weeks of the pregnancy?

I always want to know where those same people are when the child(ren) are born and the women can't afford to feed/house/whatever... these same Republicans are opposed to most social services. And I don't see them running out ready to adopt babies born addicted to drugs or with fetal alcohol syndrome.
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Chester Erickson
(R) moderate
10:01 PM on 03/15/2011
I'm getting a little bit tired of government trying to intrude on every aspect of our lives, and screwing up while they do it.

I'm pro-life personally, but if other people need to make a hard choice, I'm not going to be one to fault them for it. I don't even think the issue should ever come into the public debate, it's a private medical concern and none of government's business (or the business of all the old busybodies who march around with foolish signs at abortion clinics).

Science changes, we learn new things, we refine our studies, it's how the process works. If this becomes law, it's going to have to be repealed and adjusted constantly. How much is all that tweaking going to cost the taxpayers?

If the Republican/Tea Party really wants smaller government, why are they constantly trying to expand their reach into non-governmental areas?
05:57 PM on 03/23/2011
Good comment. Being "pro-life" personally does not mean that you have to be anti-choice. That is something that a lot of people seem to forget..
09:04 PM on 03/15/2011
Whoa Doc,

You just opened a can of worms by bringing science into the abortion debate. I don't think this is the path you want to go down.

Science says that any living organism, from a paramecium to a blue whale is "viable" once it displays the "fight or flight" response, which in mammals occurs in utero. If science were to decide the abortion question, there wouldn't be any.

So stick to the political and anti-religion arguments. Don't go down the science road.
absolument
Debate the policy. But first, LEARN the science.
09:28 PM on 03/15/2011
I call bs. Cite your source.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
03:15 AM on 03/16/2011
"Science says that any living organism, from a paramecium to a blue whale is "viable" once it displays the "fight or flight" response .........." Says who?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
04:24 PM on 03/15/2011
Is it possible to use the same "logic" for legislation that requires anyone who wants to become a parent to undergo "medical"/psychiatric counseling? Not likely is it.
However, couldn't we argue (and prove) that people who have children are exponentially more likely to commit child abuse and neglect, or worse, raise children in ignorance that leads them to support this kind of legislation. This is what everyone should be concerned about - raising more people who are ignorant to what the issues really are.
absolument
Debate the policy. But first, LEARN the science.
08:30 PM on 03/15/2011
Ah, that would actually be "infinitely" not "exponentially." Sorry to quibble, but this algrebraic correction makes your statement even stronger.

Let x be any number greater than zero
x > 0

x/0 = infinity

So people who have children are infinitely more likely to commit child abuse and neglect, or worse, raise children in ignorance that leads them to support this kind of legislatio­n.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
03:20 AM on 03/16/2011
It is possible to abuse children and have none of your own. People who have their own children are infinitely more likely of abusing their own children than are people who have none of their own to abuse.
03:34 PM on 03/15/2011
Thanks Dr. Z for alerting the public to this "phoney" science that the Indiana legislature is wanting to adopt.

Keep up the good work.

Norm Morford
02:04 PM on 03/15/2011
Science has liberated our bodies and minds from the domination of authority by ending the free reign of subjectivity. Science and reason provide knowledge that is publically verifiable and has challenged successfully many religious claims. The natural human reaction to this is to hang onto the Bible as the only truth, create and then legislate dogma defiantly defending the Word. This defense becomes absolutely necessary only when there is no natural or real experience of God or spirituality. In fact, erecting religion, churches, a dogma and now laws, demonstrates just how separated from their God they really are. While they look at science to blame, in fact it's liberal theology that's made room for science.
01:19 PM on 03/15/2011
I am both pro-life and a breast cancer survivor, and I agree completely with Dr. Zimmerman's argument here. Use of denialist junk science is a contemptible way to try to reach political goals.
01:18 PM on 03/15/2011
It was fears that some in religion would use any method – even unChristian methods, such as exclusions by the Pilgrims – to further their own perspective of religion to the detriment of others that led to the separation of church and state in the 1st amendment.

The conservative Judge Jones III (appointed by George Bush) nailed the hypocrisy on page 137 of his findings in the 2005 Federal trial of the Dover School District when he said, “It is ironic that several of these individuals, who so staunchly and proudly touted their religious convictions in public, would time and again lie to cover their tracks and disguise the[ir] real purpose...”
http://www.pamd.uscourts.gov/kitzmiller/kitzmiller_342.pdf

I am deeply dismayed that some people's God and Christ are so different from mine – in that theirs accepts deceit, lying, etc. Their extreme hypocritical actions are not only injurious to the citizens of our country, but also cause thinking people to wonder “If this is what religion leads to, why should I be part of religion?”
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
01:50 PM on 03/15/2011
“If this is what religion leads to, why should I be part of religion?”

In the politics of America that IS what religion is all about. The answer is "You shouldn't".
01:05 PM on 03/15/2011
They let religion father their science.
Their beliefs to father their thinking,
And their wishes to father their facts.

How is this possible? The language they speak and think with is unrelated to reality.
12:11 PM on 03/15/2011
Indiana seems to be going the way of Wisconsin, that is, backward. There is no justification possible for the legislation Dr Zimmerman describes here; it is an attack on the right of women to make decisions about their own bodies. Shame on Indiana legislators. Ignorance is no excuse.
12:01 PM on 03/15/2011
I agree with your comments - people reap what they sow - except for the fact that a lot of us in Indiana do not support the Republican party or its attack on science and education. We are reaping what has been sown by others. In a republic (not Republican)-style democracy I guess that "comes with the turf" - but I did want you to know that not everyone in this state has accepted the Republican party line. Some of us are still using our brains.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
01:55 PM on 03/15/2011
I'm not in Indiana but unfortunately none of us gets to point and giggle. We're all fighting the same fight and it often feels we are dying the death of a thousand cuts. If the truth won't win at election time they try lies. Enough people are ignorant enough to be fooled.
11:18 AM on 03/15/2011
This is one of many anti-science legislative maneuvers currently underway throughout the country, and a symptom of both the toxicity of our legislative system and the drop in science literacy. We in the sciences need to push back every time something like this is attempted. Thanks, Michael, for doing your part.
10:45 AM on 03/15/2011
It is sad how we think we can legislate truth as here in the breast cancer issue. The same tendency shows up when some think of other scientific findings they don't like, and don't want them taught in science class. "The majority of citizens here don't believe this . . ." So? Evolution, global warming, or the link between breast cancer and abortion are not "voteable" issues. They are matters of science, and what is scientifically known is how people should be informed, both in schools, and in "medical counseling". Science class and medicine are scientific concerns.