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Michael Zimmerman, Ph.D.

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Why Battling Creationism Matters: Learning to Question

Posted: 08/20/2012 11:44 am

I'm often asked why I care so much if creationism is taught in public school science classrooms and laboratories. My passionate response touches on a host of important issues, issues that most people living in a democratic society really should care about.

The nonsensical battle between creationists and scientists is important because its very existence demonstrates just how scientifically illiterate so many citizens are. Indeed, evolutionary theory represents the best science has to offer.

Ever since Darwin published "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, evolutionary theory has offered numerous testable predictions, predictions that have consistently been supported by reams of data from paleontology to molecular biology and from developmental biology to genomics. Creationism, on the other hand, in all of its guises, makes no falsifiable predictions and offers no insight into the structure of the world around us. Simply put, pretending that the two are on an equal intellectual footing encourages people to completely misunderstand the nature of scientific investigation and promotes pseudoscience. The consequences of having a voting public that embraces the nonsense of pseudoscience should be self-evident to most.

As the great biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky so cogently put it in the title of a paper he published in 1973, "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." Replace evolution with creationism and modern biology becomes an incoherent collection of random pieces of data. The context that makes the science an integrated whole vanishes without evolution. And without that context much of modern medicine, agriculture, psychology and neuroscience, to name just four fields, becomes meaningless. To make matters worse, creationism also dismisses a good deal of modern anthropology, archeology, astronomy, chemistry, linguistics and physics.

Even if you don't care about science or science literacy, you should be concerned about what happens when creationism enters the educational arena. Creationism is the embodiment of one single religious worldview. Treating that religious worldview as science privileges one religion over all others. In addition to completely confusing religious and scientific methodology and the purposes of each, it is utterly disrespectful of those who practice a different faith as well as those who practice no faith.

Those of us who have been working to ensure that education remains both meaningful and valuable and is not controlled by those with partisan interests, and there are many of us working together toward this end, are aware of a larger truth. Those promoting creationism, regardless of the rhetoric they employ, view education dramatically differently than those who recognize the importance of science. Creationists believe that education is about teaching students what to think while those opposed to creationism believe that education is about teaching students how to think.

Students need to learn how to ask probing questions -- and how to assess the answers they receive. Students need to learn to think critically rather than blindly accepting everything that is put before them.

Creationists have long argued that they're in favor of these things as well, but their actions demonstrate otherwise. In fact, the most egregious of these actions, the platform adopted by the Republican Party of Texas this year, categorically puts an end to this debate. In clear and dramatic prose the Republican party in the state that has most aggressively attacked the teaching of evolution has stated: "We oppose the teaching of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) (values clarification), critical thinking skills and similar programs that are simply a relabeling of Outcome-Based Education (OBE) (mastery learning) which focus on behavior modification and have the purpose of challenging the student's fixed beliefs and undermining parental authority."

That entire sentence is absolutely frightening, but let's distill it down to is most simple meaning: "We oppose ... critical thinking skills ... which ... have the purpose of challenging the student's fixed beliefs and undermining parental authority."

The Republican Party in Texas believes that students enter school with "fixed beliefs" and nothing they experience in that setting should alter those beliefs. Anything that encourages students to think and grow, apparently, is off limits.

The 22-page Republican Platform is filled with startling items every bit as disconcerting as this. The document asserts that the concept of the separation of church and state is a myth, urges public schools to teach "the Judeo-Christian principles upon which America was founded," and urges "Congress to withhold Supreme Court jurisdiction in cases involving abortion, religious freedom, and the Bill of Rights."

If these things scare you, as they should, take a look at the Texas Freedom Network's (TFN) analysis of the platform. As it has on so many important issues, TFN has performed a great service with its examination.

Let's return to the evolution/creation controversy. A quote from the great American philosopher George Carlin fully and simply explains why I care so very much about this issue:

2012-08-19-carlin.jpg

 
 
 

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11:17 PM on 09/14/2012
how was Higgs field created?
04:17 PM on 08/28/2012
@ "Michael Zimmerman"

Quote :

"Creationists believe that education is about teaching students what to think while those opposed to creationism believe that education is about teaching students how to think."

BRAVO to you Michael !! A brilliant exposé !!...A bright light on the ugly face of Ignorance.

Let's see more of this from your colleagues !

J.B.
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10:50 AM on 08/30/2012
Dear God: Please save me from your followers.
03:41 PM on 08/30/2012
@ "IdahoLiberal"

...I'm getting old but I'm still a quick study...thought you were making a most egregious error in slamming me, so I had to take a peek at yer comments and it didn't jive...then ...daahh...I peeked at my "notifications"...It was the colon that should've given me the clue !!

"Idaho liberal"...damn you've had a tall cliff to climb...looks like you made it... :) ...

Who was it that said, "I'd-a-seen-the-ho but she done got away from me !!"...Still waiting by the phone for that call from HBO...You think ?

Fanned/favored

J.B.
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01:12 PM on 08/28/2012
Evolution Falsified by evidence once again. 230 millions years of with NO change.

Why learning to question is important!

http://phys.org/news/2012-08-prehistoric-bugs-million-years.html

"The ancient gall mites are surprisingly similar to ones seen today."
""You would think that by going back to the Triassic you'd find a transitional form of gall mite, but no," Grimaldi said. "Even 230 million years ago, all of the distinguishing features of this family were there—a long, segmented body; only two pairs of legs instead of the usual four found in mites; unique feather claws, and mouthparts."
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taoistpunk
because the monks wouldn't have me..
09:00 PM on 08/28/2012
still trying to push that, "evolution isn't true unless speciation occurs by my arbitrary timelines" b.s.?

thanks for bringing the stupid...
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12:05 PM on 08/29/2012
Critical thinking would force a conclusion of  no evolution. 
To claim it is a timeline problem ignores a lot of hard evidence.
 
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07:34 PM on 09/03/2012
Your timelines are to extreme and are nonsense.
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Angel1999
Microbiologist & Historian
09:29 PM on 08/28/2012
As usual you mistake what evolution does and does not predict. Evolution does not demand that an organism evolve. If an organism is perfectly adapted to an environment, there will be no pressure to change.

Why learning what the theory says before you question is important.
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12:07 PM on 08/29/2012
" perfectly adapted to an environment" that has changed drastically. right.  Here is where evolutionist show their lack of critical thinking.
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07:33 PM on 09/03/2012
Oh the non sense that evolution can both explain millions of years with a lot of change and millions of years with no change.  Complete nonsence.
01:13 PM on 08/26/2012
If God created everything, then God created science to prove the evolving creation--also the miracles of metaphorical language (...I.e. language is a system of symbols...) so it could be accepted in the simplest of terms. It all works together. Only humans want to devide and devalue for self serving power and the illusion of "control." amen.
04:42 PM on 08/26/2012
God didn't create science. Man created science to find explanations for his observations of the natural world. But then... man also created god... mostly to control other man.

:-)
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CanadianSkeptic
Amazingly, thinking can solve most problems
10:04 PM on 08/27/2012
If God created science then why did it take until the period of the Enlightenment for the scientific method to develop? Why isn't the scientific method described in the Bible?
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mikeholloway
support organ donation
09:03 AM on 08/25/2012
There is concern about a societal problem that perpetuates conflict and there is concern that seeks to eliminate or alleviate that conflict. The majority of the reaction to creationism relishes the conflict. Its a means to an end, and biology and science education is not its concern. The NCSE (ncse.com) on the other hand, is leading in the development of effective philosophies and means of protecting science education from the political movements that want to compromise it. Recently the NCSE has recognized that science denial of different topics across very different political groups is promoted by the same, or similar, psychology. That realization suggests means for effectively combating the problem of eroding science literacy.
07:25 PM on 08/25/2012
Science literacy is not even the problem, any longer. LITERACY is...
01:45 PM on 09/02/2012
also innumeracy
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CanadianSkeptic
Amazingly, thinking can solve most problems
05:37 PM on 08/24/2012
I don't know about anyone else, but the thing I find most exasperating about creationism is the notion among creationists that they have discovered some fundamental flaws in the theory of evolution that are simultaneously so simply that someone with nothing more than a lay understand (or worse) of biology can find it while also being missed completely by literally tens of thousands of people with PhDs in biology. The arrogance and self-deception is staggering.

Of course, this point often brings retorts about scientists suppressing or intimidating detractors in a massive global conspiracy to maintain those coveted grant funds. Clearly, people of this point of view fail to understand that most professional Christian apologists probably make much more money than your average scientist. Science may be many things, but a lucrative career it is not.
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Jim Milks
Ecologist
05:39 AM on 08/25/2012
While they think they've discovered some fundamental flaws in the theory of evolution, they refuse to critically examine their own hypotheses for flaws. When such flaws are pointed out, they refuse to accept that their hypothesis is flawed and just chalk up the criticism to a grand conspiracy on the part of scientists who don't really understand their hypothesis. Quite a maddening attitude.
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01:32 PM on 08/27/2012
The state of facts today has evolution proven false. It has been done many times. The best case evolutionist claim prove evolution, have been over turned by secular science. There is NO proof for evolution.
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CanadianSkeptic
Amazingly, thinking can solve most problems
01:44 PM on 08/27/2012
"There is NO proof for evolution."

~~~You're either completely ignorant or you're intentionally lying. In either case, I'm not interested in speaking with you.
03:19 PM on 08/27/2012
Hmm, I am surprised by this news.

As I am a software engineer that works in the field of artificial intelligence algorithms, I better go inform my boss that the evolutionary principles at the base of some of our genetic algorithms are false, and therefore the algorithms that we use every single day to produce results that make our company money do not actually work. I suppose since they do not work, we will be expected to return all the profits that have been generated by said algorithms, as will other fields that have used such algorithms to design things like the turbines that are used for jet engines (which also apparently do not work).

Man, I am just going to have to start from square one now! But thanks "Eclipse" I am glad that there was such a smarty pants somewhere to figure out that all the concepts I work with on a day to day basis do not actually work.
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gutenmorgen
a.k.a. crowsnest
05:28 PM on 08/24/2012
"Students need to learn to think critically rather than blindly accepting everything that is put before them".
Amen, but that is also true for the readers of the science section of HP.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
01:44 PM on 08/25/2012
It is true of all humans at all time.
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01:38 PM on 08/27/2012
The HuffPo science section is a joke. It repeats of evolution news as if the news is new. It ignores the findings that show how unlikly/impossible evolution is. And yes we are talking secular science.
02:06 PM on 08/28/2012
Could you show us ONE of these "findings" that passed successfully the scientific method process?
cbrown4115
"The mind that is not baffled is not employed." We
05:04 PM on 08/24/2012
I feel that there is bleed over into other areas of life when a person rejects evolution... The people that are denying scientific evidence that is contrary to their belief system have no problems refusing to believe other accepted truths. Their world must be a confusing place outside of their church...
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Artsnwords
In that awkward stage between birth & death
11:01 AM on 08/24/2012
I equate the whole American anti-science movement similar to what is happening in the Middle East against Modernism. Society is changing and becoming move diversified, and the dominate culture of the past couple of hundred years is losing power, as well as their way of life. At least, that's how they see it. So, rather than acquiesce to this change, they're pushing back, even if it means taking irrational and ridiculous positions. To think critically, means, as the great George Carlin states, one must question, or be skeptical. But "the word of God" as found in the Bible is beyond question. To question it means challenging your faith. And in the words of another great American philosopher, Archie Bunker, "Faith is believing is something anyone in their right mind wouldn't ordinarily believe in!"
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mikeholloway
support organ donation
08:36 AM on 08/25/2012
No. Ancient religious texts ALWAYS require interpretation and many interpretations are possible. Questioning a dominant interpretation means challenging the very human authority of one sect, maybe even just one congregation. It is not necessary for anything in Judeo-Christian theology to conflict with science. When someone selects an interpretation that conflicts with science they are selecting between two different sets of authorities, whether they want to acknowledge that or not. Getting angry and strident about religion may give one something to do during the evening, but maybe we all should be questioning how we could be trying to correct the situation instead. For instance, ask the question "Why are fundamentalists so anxious to disrespect scientific authority?"
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Artsnwords
In that awkward stage between birth & death
09:00 AM on 08/25/2012
"Why are fundamentalists so anxious to disrespect scientific authority?" Because it's more rational than fundamental belief! Martin Luther said,"The great enemy of faith is reason." The foundation of science is reason, therefore, it's going to conflict with those who have unreasonable beliefs. Those beliefs were dominant for thousands of years of human development because scientific analysis or thought hadn't evolved to the point of challenging it. Those who try to merge fundamental religion with science are just having a problem of giving up the past, sort of having your cake and eating it too!

Glad you're an Obama supporter. That's very reasonable of you!
05:36 PM on 08/25/2012
Because the scientific authority brings hard evidence that disproves what they have been preaching.
09:54 PM on 08/23/2012
This is brilliant. I work with teens and twenty-somethings everyday in an education setting and I am shocked at the increasing problem of High School and College age students incapable of any critical thought. We've sanitized an entire generation and inoculated them against failure to the point they just can't see past the blinders we've placed on them. Failures are critical learning tools. We need to re-teach that there are consequences to failure and rewards for jobs well done. Sparing little Johnny a tear from a bad test in Grade school by rewarding mediocrity makes him shed many more as an adult when he can't navigate college or a work environment. Because he hasn't learned how to think critically or understand there are real world costs to failure. Let him learn from the small failures in childhood so he does not make large ones as an adult. Teach your child to THINK for themselves.
cbrown4115
"The mind that is not baffled is not employed." We
05:11 PM on 08/24/2012
My son has freinds from other countries... I have enjoyed several conversations with these young people. I find it interesting that philosophy is a required course in high school in European countries. I feel that it should be the same in the US... We need to remember that we aren't raising and educating children... we are raising and educating future adults.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
01:52 PM on 08/25/2012
You may as well tell an Evangelical Christians that you are going to teach devil-worship as philosophy in high school. They will call philosophy "liberal religion" and start a whine fest. We are doomed to live under the thumbs of the least sophisticated among us. They control one of our two major political parties, and they may not be too good at critical thought but they have marching in lockstep, and voting as a block, down cold. Democracy is an unqualified blessing.
02:36 PM on 08/25/2012
Precisely. Philosophy, Logic and critical thinking really should be a major requirement before they leave High School. Because they will have to take these sorts of courses for General education requirements in College. Give them a head start and they will do better in all their classes when they learn how to think critically.
08:41 PM on 08/28/2012
Favored/fanned.
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John Kwok
08:16 PM on 08/23/2012
I commend Huffington Post Science for doing a great job in organizing and presenting this podcast which featured Huffington Post blogger Michael Zimmerman and Kenneth R. Miller. If you haven't seen it yet, you can still view it here:

http://live.huffingtonpost.com/r/segment/50337c9d2b8c2a042f0009b4
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SerbNik
07:09 PM on 08/23/2012
Dumb article, evolution doesn't exist, it can't be seen or touched. It's a natural phenomena we named "evolution" and by far it is over pushed so the last thing you need to do is throw it out.

Learn something from us Serbs. I was educated about evolution in biology and never have I seen anyone argue or disprove it. Also I was allowed,as all free people,to attend "veronauka" a class we have for the religious high school students. Whom ever is atheist and doesn;t want to attend it goes on "gradjansko" and attends that (city education,community education) and there you have it. You hear both versions of the story wich are most probably both wrong and a third one is right.
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CanadianSkeptic
Amazingly, thinking can solve most problems
09:41 PM on 08/23/2012
Just because you don't understand evolution doesn't mean it's wrong. It means your Serbian science education was lacking.
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Dimensio
I just don't know what went wrong!
09:26 AM on 08/24/2012
You have confused your ignorance of evolution with a falsification of the theory.  The two concepts, however, are not logically equivalent.
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SerbNik
09:58 AM on 08/24/2012
No,you confused evolution with something that can support your hatred toward the religious people.
06:14 PM on 08/23/2012
The Holy Scriptures (Bible) is a joke. Written by men who just wanted to control the rest of civilization. It's brainwashing at it's best. Now enough of this crazy talk, I'm going out to ride my dinosaur...
09:21 AM on 08/23/2012
Evolution is the best man can do, which makes it good we have God. Look, let's look at Evolution and Creationism...let's discuss both. Intelligent Design, Thermodynamics, Cosmological Arguments, DNA, Laminin...all point to intelligence, a creator...Darwin is misleading. A dog will always be a dog no matter how many different types there are. Same with man...birds, monkees...

Science, philosophy and religion side by side discovering the answers by finding real truths and stories that affirm where we came from!
02:16 PM on 08/23/2012
Please enlighten us as to how thermo D and DNA point to an intelligent creator...... (the other stuff has nothing to do with evolutionary bio).
03:18 PM on 08/23/2012
Crickets.....
bbailey123
Uteri of the world, UNITE
08:43 AM on 08/24/2012
Also what is this link between astrophysics and biology that creationists obsess about? Are they so ig.nor.ant that they dont know the difference between fields of study in science?.
02:44 PM on 08/23/2012
Simply hysterical that you would use dogs for your example. We have DIRECT evidence that dogs were not always dogs, that they were wolves once upon a time.
02:56 PM on 08/23/2012
They are of the same "Kind" as no new information was added.  The dog/wolf kind has never changed into a totally different kind. The science and truth behind that doesn't change.
02:41 AM on 08/23/2012
Why can't religious people accept that there is room for both science and God? Except, of course, in public schools where God has no place.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
11:28 PM on 08/23/2012
Science and religion are compatible only to the degree that they ignore one another.
cbrown4115
"The mind that is not baffled is not employed." We
05:15 PM on 08/24/2012
except in silent prayer before a final... :)