iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Noah Baron

Noah Baron

Posted: May 19, 2010 02:01 PM

LSAT: The Next "Wealth Test" of College Seniors

What's Your Reaction:

A few days ago, I completed the last exams of my junior year. As a rising senior, I now face what I had done my best to postpone until this moment: preparation for the LSAT and, possibly, the GRE as well.

As with the SAT, many will tell you that the test is an accurate predictor of the quality of student you will be. The debate about this rages on - but my personal experience inclines me to disbelieve the notion that six hours of test-taking on one day on the weekend of senior year of high school (or college) will be able to predict performance over the course of four (or even three) years. Yet the LSAT further appears to have avoided a common critique faced by the SAT: its bias towards those with wealth. One Harvard professor referred to the exam as "a wealth test." Such criticisms of the LSAT are decidedly harder to find. Yet that does not make them any less legitimate.

Reminiscent of my face-down with the SAT, I have, next to me on my desk, a pile of books with varying strategies of how to "beat" the LSAT, highly recommended phrases from the staff of the Harvard Crimson to intersperse into my application, and revelations of the "secrets" of law school admissions. Just as in the lead-up to the college admissions process, many of these books tell me little I did not know already: make sure to study, proofread your applications (accompanied by the obligatory horror story of the applicant who used the wrong school name), and, of course, make sure to take a prep course! All of these nuggets of advice are even more emphasized to students applying to law school than those applying to college.

But when I looked online to sign up for one of these lauded prep courses, I found that their cost ranged from $1200 to over $9000 -- with in-class hours ranging from eighty-some to over three-hundred! This is very problematic on more than one level.

First, the vast majority of Americans (even the majority of American college students) cannot afford to blow $1,200 to $9,000 on a prep course. Many of us are already heavily saddled with debt, others simply do not have the cash on-hand, others, perhaps, are spending their money paying their own way through one of the dreaded unpaid internships.

Second, of course, is the problem of the time needed to dedicate to these courses. In addition to the massive amount of cash college seniors are expected to fork over to Kaplan or Princeton Review, we must also dedicate hundreds upon hundreds of hours in order to get our money's worth! While of course dedication and effort should be expected, the problem is that college students have to clock in hours at their job in order to pay for the class in the first place.

But even if a student has chosen not to take the expensive path of a prep course as his or her chosen path to law school, they still face the problem of the sheer amount of time required to prepare for the LSAT. One of these previously-mentioned books suggested that one to two hours of studying each and every day was insufficient -- instead, the book suggested, try to study for four or more hours. What not-obscenely-rich student amongst us has four or more hours to study for the LSAT? Even if college students don't have to pay for the overpriced Kaplan courses, they may still be working to pay for college expenses, or perhaps to pay off the government's new $80,000 tax on lesbianism.

Meanwhile, these lower-class and middle-class students have to compete with those who have the time, effort, and money to not only spend on expensive one-on-one tutoring (exponentially more expensive than the classroom instruction offered) -- but who also do not need to worry about a job to help them pay their bills (whether they be to Kaplan or a bigoted military). And while undoubtedly many of these same people might both be taking a prep course and working as an unpaid intern this summer, it may that unpaid internship that helps them get into law school. The same could not be said, for example, for a job at Starbucks.

If any law school admissions officer is reading this article, I urge you: grade your applications on a socioeconomic curve, and remember that wealth should not be a precondition of acceptance.

 

Follow Noah Baron on Twitter: www.twitter.com/noahbbaron

 
 
  • Comments
  • 50
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2  Next ›  Last »  (2 total)
09:03 PM on 06/03/2010
I think your comparison of the LSAT to the SAT is a valid one only to an extent. True, they both require preparation, and those with means will be more able to prepare, and prepare well. But unlike the SAT, the LSAT is entirely self-contained and requires no outside factual knowledge. What is needed are strong skills in logical reasoning and analysis. I think this difference is important, because by studying for the LSAT one learns these important skills. These skills are most immediately relevant when it comes to taking the LSAT, but they also translate into being better prepared for law school itself. After studying heavily for the LSAT, it would be hard to argue that one hasn’t become more adept at differentiating between valid and fallacious arguments, reading dense material for important detail, and carrying out complex operations within in a closed system. I think that that this one-day test actually CAN predict one’s performance in law school at least to an extent. This does seem counter-intuitive, and it’s not a perfect gauge by any means, but the hard data show that the LSAT predicts first-year law school success better than any other one factor.

Whether or not one has the resources to learn these skills is an important issue, and this is arguably deeply unfair (I tend to think so), but the fact that wealth may be correlated with LSAT scores doesn’t actually mean that the LSAT tests wealth.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CelestePulchra
12:01 PM on 06/02/2010
This article is too true. Im in law school now and I can tell you that the LSAT scores mean jack. There are a bunch of students in my class who aced the LSAT and did very poorly in college. And there are students that did great in college and horrible on the LSAT. The bad LSAT takers are literally taking the good lsat-ers to task. How well you did in college I think is the best indicator of how well you will do in law school.
Also, the thing about money is true! When I took the LSAT I was taking 23 credit hours and working part time. I studied for about 3 months, when I could, and I got a 161. I have a friend in law school who took the year off, the YEAR to study for the LSAT while living all too comfortably on her parent's dime. They got in the mid 170's. We go to the same lawschool, tier one, and I'm scoring much better.
Anyways, to a HUGE extent law school isn't really about how smart you all (I find that after a certain level, whether someone is really clever or really, really clever doesn't matter). It matters how much time and energy you use study.
life ends up being fair because the people that did really well on the LSAT bc they had a lot of time and money and privilege to throw at it, don't do well in law school.
05:49 PM on 06/07/2010
You don't see the tension here between your belief that LSAT scores are the result of hard work, not smarts, but they don't predict law school performance, which is also the result of studying, not smarts?

Isn't it possible that your friend is smarter than you, and you're a harder worker than she is?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CelestePulchra
11:11 PM on 06/08/2010
Ha! I see ur still mad ab my comment that u lied. Well, in Law School everyone has the same amount of time available, u see. But for the LSATS, time can be bought with money.

And I suppose it IS possible (she's smarter i work harder), no real way of knowing. Thats not my informed opinion however. But I think ur point of view is amusing, and I take note of it.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Suto
Law Student, Syracuse University
12:31 AM on 05/27/2010
So true, sir. So true.
10:51 PM on 05/25/2010
I will say this in response to the 'I didn't study at all or spend any/a lot of money and did awesome!' comments: good for you. Some people are really smart/top performers and don't need the external motivation. My roommate is like that. I chose to take a course because I like to learn by having people interact with me. I remember not only the material but the moment where I learned the material. Simply reading something in a book doesn't fully accomplish that for me. Different people have different learning styles. When I took the SAT in high school, I knew people that just woke up, walked in, and got 800s. I wasn't one of those people, but studying from a computer program brought my score up 100 pts (this was after studying from a book for the SATs the first time I took them). Yes, I agree, money is a key difference. I think you need to know how much you need to spend on prep, but for some people, this is not an option. I think you see this when applying to colleges. A lot of people who were smart enough to get into 'better' schools didn't apply because they wanted the least amount of debt. A lot of people didn't want to spend money prepping for the SAT, either, because they were just going to state school. It's funny how practicality comes into play when you don't have the means to realize your dreams.
07:28 PM on 05/24/2010
Apologies for the obvious commercialization, but...
The various comments about the low efficacy & high cost of commercial LSAT programs are absolutely true of the mass-market purveyors. The average score increase of the industry as a whole, and of every major player in it that has ever published independently-validated performance results, is an anemic 7 points on the LSAT's 120-180 scale.
(This is even worse than it appears, since ~90% of ppl start out such courses never having even seen a full LSAT exam before. The avg increase one can expect merely going from "I've never done this before" to "okay, now I've done one," is about 3 points – so the industry can claim an avg impact of a whopping 4 points.)
But they are not true w/r/t testwell's LSAT 180 Course, which reports an independently-verified avg score increase of 10 points (1998/9 ADI study), and claims (tho w/o external documentation) a 12-point avg increase since 2004.
However, these numbers include the increases of a large proportion of students who start their training with scores already in the 160s - 170s (top 15%), and whose results obviously bias the average figure down.
The LSAT 180 Course has need-based, sliding-scaled tuition ranging from a low of $ 179 to a high of $ 1,219, exclusive of materials, and is consequently affordable to anyone who can afford to apply to law school.
Details:
www.testwell.com
08:48 AM on 05/25/2010
I want to elaborate on my comment ,and yours. The biggest predictor of raising your test scores is time spent on prep,Even ,then,it's modest.And,of course the unspoken thread is why specific minorities (African Americans) continue to perform lower tha most other groups.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
David Hewitt
02:46 PM on 05/24/2010
The prep course costs are not what make this a "wealth test" - the prep courses don't have enough of an impact. The vast majority of the questions on most tests do not rely on material from an upper-class background.

A typical gifted-ed kid from a middle-income family who is still in high school, who got in the top 2% on the SATs, would likely be able to get top-flight scores on any of the various grad school aptitude tests with little prep work - and they'd probably be close to a perfect score on the math section of either the GMAT or GRE. An average junior in college from a median income family will likely score somewhat below average, simply because those with less natural aptitude for education don't aspire to graduate school.

It's not testing "did you take a prep course" - it's testing "is this stuff easy for you?"

High scores are correlated with having smart and successful parents (being wealthier), getting good grades (because school is easy for you), and having a superior educational background (see previous indicators).

Is this fair? It does a reasonably good job of capturing one trait that makes graduate school easier. It doesn't provide a complete picture. But very few schools use test scores as the sole criterion for admission.

Now, this is for the general tests - there are subject tests, and those are entirely different. In general, though, the GRE and GMAT, at least, are just glorified SAT's.
01:24 PM on 05/24/2010
There are more problems regarding these types of tests. For one, the cost of these tests. I paid $35 to take the SAT in high school. The LSAT cost $132 and the GRE costs $160. Why the dramatic increase? Why does it take upwards of $1,000 to prepare for an exam? It comes off like a way to foster the economic divide. I also take issue with these tests because there supposed to measure your aptitude for success at the next level. You're told you can't "beat" these test yet there are expensive test prep services telling you that one can "beat" the tests. What are these tests providing that a college transcript, a resume and a writing sample can't tell you?
06:33 PM on 05/23/2010
Why not go back to the way lawyers were educated/culled in the 19th century? It seemed like a much more rational system: apprentice at a law firm after college for a few years, weed out the people who can't hack it in the rigorous work and educational environment, and then have the few who have made it take the bar. You know you're getting quality workers who WANT to be lawyers through this system, and there's a built-in mechanism that prohibits too much of an oversupply of lawyers since law firms would be incentivized to only take on the people most likely to do the best since they will be footing the bill in training. Criteria for admission would be whatever individual law firms see fit. More importantly, people who don't hack it realize early on the law was not for them, and they move on to industries/jobs better suited to their skills/temperaments with only college debt to deal with (and probably smaller debt at the end of the process). And the best part: the end of the LSAT and the silly hoopla accompanying it. Having the SAT is enough, I feel. But the ABA and law school rackets will never allow this to happen, so these are just pipe-dreams, unfortunately.
02:58 AM on 05/24/2010
It is definate a classist profession. Look no further than the supremes.
11:48 PM on 05/24/2010
LIAR! They took the healthiest criminal in the jails and made them lawyers. Or was that the elected officials? Never mind...same thing.
12:08 PM on 05/23/2010
Diffidntly, mI want to pointout a couple of things
First, I taught the Kaplan MCAt course. (Mu MCAT scores,were,semi legendary.Modesty prevents me from posting them.and,it's a little like bragging about dick size-also semi legendary- on the internet. How does the reader verify/And,who cares/
Anyway,here's the effect of Kaplan on MCAT's NOT MUCH.
I believe there has been a lot of work done on the LSAT showing even less effect

You are arguing,in efect ,against genetics.Persons whose parents are from higherSE backgrounds tend to hav arents with higher IQ's (which,of course,don't really exist.Or,if they do,shouldn't). It's a toughj sell for you/
08:17 PM on 05/22/2010
If we're going to talk about socioeconomic disenfranchisement, lets talk about forcing inner city kids to attend public schools which are run by the teacher union cartel in cahoots with politicians who are bought off with votes and campaign contributions.
03:04 AM on 05/24/2010
Lets talk about socionomic dienfranchisement. Lets talk about people of color and women and working class folk in general who go to non-aba accredited law schools and pass the exact same bar as the folks at expensive schools but still view as second rate. Even the government won't hire them.

Politics according to MLK is who gets how much of what. Education, political representation, healthcare.

Inner city kids aren't the only people injured by lack of representation. But who exactly are you talking about when you talk about bought off politicians? What happend?
06:58 PM on 05/22/2010
Grade with a socioeconomic curve? Why don't we abolish law school for anyone making under a certain amount. Better yet why don't we force clients to hire lawyers who come from the lower end of the socioeconomic curve. Newsflash to Mr. Baron. Life is not fair. When's the last time you complained that people should stop buying Beyonce albums because it is unfair that other people were born with less talent. How about we have government force people to buy my band's terrible album because life was unfair to me for not granting me a singing voice.

Further, where is your evidence behind any of your claims? You assume that those who take those expensive test prep classes performed better on the LSAT. In my experience (as a law student) those who took those classes faired no better than those who did not. I count myself among the few who did not take a class yet scored in the 170s. Oh and I pulled that off while working full time and supporting myself.

When is government really going to step it up? Short people need affirmative action to play in the NBA. Ugly people need affirmative action to date models. Count me in among supporters of affirmative action for clumsy people who want to dance in the New York City Ballet!
03:05 AM on 05/24/2010
Oh boy....
12:22 PM on 05/22/2010
Yeah this is crazy. I spent 6 hours with a book I got from the library and got a 173. Prep courses are generally for people who don't know how to study. Just study with a book and stop whining.
05:34 AM on 05/23/2010
Clearly flame.
03:05 PM on 05/26/2010
False...
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
CelestePulchra
12:06 PM on 06/02/2010
Don't believe it.
05:50 PM on 06/07/2010
What I have to send you a copy of my LSAT score report? Why would I make this up?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
deridaa
09:43 AM on 05/22/2010
No tests, no grades no tuition for disadvantaged. And its about time someone examine the restrictions the legal industry has put on other professions and apply same to themselves.IT is time ALL of the legal industry should be highly regulated. Legal fees are too high, too many built in redundant fees and if an attorney has to do research the client should not pay for this. There should be one price for a will and it should be a flat fee- the same price as a physician gets for an hour consult in the ICU when he saves a life- the rest is paperwork for the lawyer. If a lawyer examines a contract- same price a doctor receives for 2 hours spent visiting a very ill patient. A lawyer handles a divorce the lawyer should receive what a surgeon gets for removing a leg- which includes follow up care for a year.... amazing how lawyers can charge 100K for paperwork!
12:33 PM on 05/22/2010
Yeah, price ceiling and accompanying shortage is just what this situation calls for. The whole problem to begin with is cartelization, with the ABA making it too difficult to become a lawyer. Make it easier to become a lawyer, or let people specialize, do away with the bar exam--then legal costs will go down. Look at what they did to LegalZoom.
09:37 PM on 05/22/2010
"... amazing how lawyers can charge 100K for paperwork!"

=======

It is amazing the financial penalties (and/or prison terms) the government or private litigants can charge for failure to have properly prepared said paperwork.
07:22 PM on 05/21/2010
Just take practice tests. I'll be taking the LSAT in about a year and I've already taken several practice tests that were in a 20 dollar book I bought at Barnes and nobles (you can buy similar books for teh SAT, ACT, MCAT, GRE, etc). You're exaggerating. If someone needs a 9000 dollar prep course or study for four hours each day to be competitive on the LSAT then they probably shouldn't be taking it anyway.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Deborah Dole
10:51 PM on 05/21/2010
Why ruin your future and go deeeep into debt?? Just google Law School Scam, and you'll see.

We're in the worst legal market ever, and it's only getting worse as more and more JDs get pumped out every year into an already-saturated legal market and more and more legal jobs are being outsourced to India with the ABA's blessing.
09:33 PM on 05/22/2010
"Why ruin your future and go deeeep into debt?? Just google Law School Scam, and you'll see."

======

While I agree that there are many overpriced law schools, a degree from which will not be of help getting any of the more high-paying law jobs, there are still plenty of law schools that either (1) don't charge an arm and a leg, or (2) provide scholarships to candidates with good grades and test scores. The economic climate doesn't necessarily mean one should abandon law as a career path. It can be a fulfilling experience. Those considering law school simply need to be realistic about the prospects following school and consider whether it is something they are really interested in.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Deborah Dole
07:08 PM on 05/21/2010
Ok, so you claim you didn't need a prep course. Then what do you call the 12+ years of middle class public or private schooling you received in a safe, modern school environment with caring, motivated, highly credentialed teachers?? The Mother of All Prep Courses, that's what I call it.

Spend 12+ years in a broken down school system, in a crime-ridden neighborhood, with disinterested, unqualified teachers and textbooks from The Stone Age, and then let's talk LSAT advantages.

Funny how, whenever there's an article pointing out that rich people have advantages over poor people, rich people run to say, "Sure, I was born and raised well-off, but I would have done just as well if I had been born and raised poor." Suuure, buddy, sure.

PS The answer to a typical LSAT "logic" question, something any kid without a prep course or upper middle class upbringing could figure out: Schooner is to Regatta as Bourgeois is to Cotillion.
12:36 PM on 05/22/2010
I wasn't rich, didn't go to private school, went to cheap tiny college you've never heard of, and did fine. I'm sure I might've done worse if I was born in the ghetto, but that would be because I hadn't been trained in self-motivation, not because I couldn't think critically.
04:52 PM on 05/22/2010
You obviously care about this issue, but your argument is of the form: "Obviously wealth has an effect on LSAT scores; prove me wrong; everyone arguing otherwise is rich."
You ignore the possibility that wealth plays a role, but is not the predominate factor. You shift the burden of (dis)proof without submitting any evidence of your own beyond the hypothetical. And you paint all dissenters poorly in an attempt to discredit their arguments.
No one denies that wealth buys many advantages. The question is whether LSAT scorse are so dependent on wealth that it is a 'wealth test.' It isn't, because it doesn't require much specialized knowledge, only logical reasoning. (Your 'typical logic' question is absurd.)
That does not mean that there is no advantage coming from wealth. But it is far from the predominate factor.
My parents came here about twenty years ago, two years later they sent for me (they couldn't afford to before then). I lived with my mother in one room we rented in Elmhurst, Queens. I started junior high school before my mother could afford a separate room for me, and high school before we had our own apartment.
So when I say that wealth provides advantages for the LSAT, I am speaking hypothetically. But when I say that neither wealth nor free time (beyond a few hours a week) is a prerequisite for a high score on the LSAT, then I am speaking from experience.