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Rabbi Eric H. Yoffie

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Balancing Love of Country and Love of God

Posted: 11/20/11 03:09 AM ET

I am a religious man who loves his country. I have always been an American patriot, but now, more than ever before, I feel a sense of shared destiny with my fellow citizens. My love of country is not a simple matter, of course. It is rooted in a profound identification with American ideals, and especially with the values of freedom and tolerance that I see as central to the American creed. But it is rooted as well in the feel and the touch of particular places of enduring beauty, and in the connection that I experience with other Americans who manage to be, at least much of the time, ornery, outspoken, friendly and fair.

I am also more comfortable now with American symbols than I have ever been. A child of the 60s, I once had mixed feeling about the American flag. But I now see the flag as a sign of favor and high ideals that provides comfort and inspiration to a distressed people. The flag is meaningful symbolism, and Jewish tradition, rich in ritual, understands the value of symbols. Like most Americans, when I see the flag, I am filled with pride.

All of these thoughts came to me as I read "What So Proudly We Hail," an anthology of stories, speeches, and song edited by Amy and Leon Kass and Diana Schaub. Beautifully done, the book is intended to promote good character and honorable conduct along with love of country; clearly the authors are concerned that we are failing in this regard and that "creating a deep national bond and spirit" is more of a challenge now than before.

But this treatment of patriotism raises other issues for me. Like religious people before me, I struggle with the conflict that arises between love of country and love of God, a conflict that seems to be particularly acute at this moment in American history.

Many of those who speak the language of patriotism nowadays seem to think that America is both totally self-sufficient and always right. Even worse, these same people are likely to identify themselves as religious, and in fact are the sort of religious folks who believe, with unshakable faith, in their own rectitude. Not only that, they then transfer their religious sensibilities to their understanding of patriotism and arrive at the conclusion that the United States has a special claim to divine election. In short, not only is America for them the richest, freest and most splendid country in the world, it is also the country of God and its citizens are the people of God.

I too, it should be said, believe in American exceptionalism. I believe that an objective case can be made that the United States offers a combination of liberty, pluralism, free market vitality and human rights protections that is unique in the historical experience of humankind. I am influenced in these convictions by how Jews have fared; they have found a measure of security and freedom here that they have found nowhere else in their long history. And yet, I am fully aware of the risks of talking this way: the language of exceptionalism is fraught with danger, and those who speak that language today tend toward idolatrous nationalism -- which is contrary to my most fundamental religious convictions. Religious people worship God; they do not worship countries or government, no matter how impressive.

My answer, while unsatisfactory, is to acknowledge the reality of my dual loyalties. On the one hand, I am a true patriot, proud and assertive about my national loyalties. On the other hand, I recognize that true patriotism requires a significant measure of humility. Humility is required because however convinced I am of the virtues of our country, I need to be aware of the interdependent nature of the world and of the fact that people in other places may feel about their homelands much as we feel about ours. Also, humility is necessary because other Americans, whether acting out of conscience or religious conviction, will surely interpret the American values that I hold dear very differently than do I -- and I must defer to the political system to referee conflicting claims. And finally and most important, I need to be humble about my patriotism because I believe that wisdom ultimately resides not with our country's leaders but with God. Like the Jewish sovereign in Deuteronomy 17:18-20, who is commanded to carry and study the Torah, we must both exercise the duties of citizenship and study our sacred texts; in this way, we will have a standard by which to subordinate the power of princes to what God demands of us.

In short, my political loyalties are intense, instinctual, and flow from deep conviction, but, of necessity, they are also limited. And limiting them, I believe, is the best way to increase human dignity and freedom in this great country in which we live.

 
 
 
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12:18 PM on 11/22/2011
Not only does humility appear to be important in recognizing the apparently Biblically-suggested premise that God, rather than humanity , is sovereign and the cause of any community’s well-being, but in also recognizing that the same applies to future human well-being.

God bless the United States of America.
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Allan Richter
07:56 PM on 11/21/2011
“Like religious people before me, I struggle with the conflict that arises between love of country and love of God, a conflict that seems to be particularly acute at this moment in American history.” (Yoffie)

Hebrew scripture puts emphasis on the moral responsibility of nations to establish just societies. The sociological reality is that each of us is a part a national entity which shapes us as well as we shape it. It would be considered a national sin for our patriotic impulse to descend into narrow chauvinism.

The messianic ideal in Judaism is framed in terms of the unity of nations. In the words of Isaiah and Micah ( Isaiah ii, 2-4; Micah iv, 1-4) “The Lords house shall be on the top of the mountain…and all nations shall flow unto it….and he shall judge between the nations…and they shall beat their swords into ploughshare…”

The concept that God enters national covenants comes from the Hebrew Scripture.
“Pray for the welfare of the state” (Avot 3:2). ..The King by justice establishes the land” (Proverbs 29:). And all this is equally true of non-Jewish governments, for the descendants of Noah were also commanded concerning them.” (Rav Kook)

Congress recognized Noahide Law as “the historical foundation ,,,upon which our great Nation was founded..” H.J Res. 104 - One Hundred Second Congress.
lynniemiller
Aware, alert and listening
02:13 PM on 11/27/2011
Always wonderful to read your thoughts. Glad you are well.

A friend invited me to read "The Commentary" which gives great insight on many matters.

Best wishes to you, again!!
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Debbie338
What we manifest is before us
01:28 PM on 11/21/2011
I find it interesting that today's GOP paints atheists as anti-American. It seems to me that people who have sometimes conflicting loyalties between America and God are often likely to choose God. Atheists don't have that kind of conflict of interest.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
12:54 PM on 11/21/2011
In the struggle to determine which is a larger source of good, America or Judaism is there any room to consider the often as not disastrous failures of American foreign policy? Where does American exceptionalism fit in with a war on a country that posed no threat to us, started on false evidence, costing trillions of dollars, nearly 5,000 American lives and unknown tens (or hundreds) of thousands of Iraqi lives? Our blunders are no trivial thing and as we take the measure of how wonderful we are where do these blunders enter the equation?

Is it a matter of "Look how wonderful we are and pay no attention to that man behind the curtain"?
11:37 AM on 11/21/2011
Very interesting article. What I find most interesting is the similarity in idolatry, lack of historical knowledge and perspective and good old fashioned tribalism that can be found within both the religious and the patriotic camps. It's not hard to imagine that these camps may have a good deal of overlap.
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S.R. Hewitt
09:45 AM on 11/21/2011
Beautifully written. I think the very fact that Jewish law requires one to respect the laws of the nation in which they live (unless they contradict Torah or basic morality) makes it clear that patriotism is a great virtue for the Jewish people.
researcher
researcher
02:44 PM on 11/21/2011
patriotism most often overwhelms the rational mind. history tells us that.

that are no boundaries in the infinite. boundaries are of man not of god.

at this stage of the evolution of consciousness process man needs boundaries; someday when awakened to the divine oneness of all he will not.
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bklynsparrow
creating reality from unreal things
12:47 AM on 11/21/2011
i always wonder at some of the people who post here, not to offer a real comment, but basically to snark. Someone writes a thoughtful article about they way they feel or think and zap! because this is a religious person there will always be someone to come out with what they think is a real zinger. Perfect example: "So in other words, the rabbi is having a hard time combining his loyalty to his country with his love for an iron aged tribal middle eastern deity called Yahweh. " Totally unnecessary and adds nothing to the conversation. Why discuss when you can insult? I thank the Rabbi for writing this- there are many religious people who probably wonder much the same thing. I don't believe in condemning people for believing in G-d (and no, I am agnostic, thank you for asking) because many of the ones I know are good, kind, moral and ethical people. My closest friend is a born-again Christian. She is one of the best people I know- and extremely intelligent. Her faith is not blind or stupid. She wrestles with the same questions the Rabbi does. Religious extremists are fair game. People of faith shouldn't be, just because they believe..
02:07 PM on 11/23/2011
A thoughtful comment. However, is a "religious extremist" a person who condemns me because I do not believe in God? If so, we are on the same page. If not, then there is a tacit endorsement of a double standard. That endorsement runs through our national life. "In God We Trust" is on all U.S. currency. The Pledge of Allegiance's "under God" is part of many public ceremonies. The Supreme Court approves: it's only "ceremonial Deism." Congress opens with a prayer to the Deity. Many Presidential speeches end with: "God Bless You and God Bless the United States." If you get far down enough in the "Star-Spangled Banner" or in "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" you run into God. I know of no politician in the U.S. who has said that s/he does not believe in God (but I don't know them all, I'm glad to say...). Are those who say that the U.S. is a "Christian country" religious extremists? These are just some thoughts.
I too find nothing objectionable in the Rabbi's adumbrations. I would only point out that those of us who favor Kant's categorical imperative (So live that your actions could become a general law for all mankind. Persons must always be treated as ends not as means.) have the same difficulties with many of our country's policies without dragging God into it. The difference is that we do not have a relgious shield to hide behind.
06:57 PM on 11/20/2011
So, how do you balance love of the USA vs love of Israel, Rabbi? That's always been a hard one for me.
(No sarcasm, serious q)
05:11 PM on 11/20/2011
"and I must defer to the political system to referee conflicting claims" Exactly. Show your love of country by supporting secular rational laws free from religious dogma and apply to everyone. Show your love of god by following and applying your religions laws to yourself and leave the rest of us alone.
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BurtonDesque
Fear a Blank Planet
04:51 PM on 11/20/2011
Love of country should always come before love of god. After all, one exists and the other doesn't.
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AbrahamSadegh
02:58 PM on 11/20/2011
Thank you Rabbi Yoffie for so honestly sharing your most inner thoughts with us.

“Love of Country and Love of God” need not be a balancing act. When our country's words and deeds are to the benefit of not just our nation but the long term welfare of humanity loving our country and loving God would be synonymous.

On the other hand when our words and deed lead to:

Unjust distribution of God's resources resulting in many not to have enough to reach their fullest potential,

Unjust policies beneficial to our society and detrimental to the welfare of the rest of humanity,

Unjust wars adversely affecting others as well as ourselves, etc., then the choice is clear. Then our highest responsibility would be to do all we can to prevent our country from falling from Grace.

The following poem by the Persian poet Saadi that “graces the entrance to the Hall of Nations” at the UN says it all. If our words and deeds are the reflection of what the first four lines stand for then the love of our country and the love of God are the same but in case of the last to lines, we need to be on the side of God:

Human beings are members of a whole,
In creation of one essence and soul.
If one member is afflicted with pain,
Other members uneasy will remain.

If you have no sympathy for human pain,
The name of human you cannot retain.
01:43 PM on 11/20/2011
The bumper sticker I can live with (albeit it subjective):

"My country. When right, to keep it right. When wrong, to make it right."
01:20 PM on 11/23/2011
Our country. When right, to be kept right; when wrong to be put right. Carl Schurz
03:09 PM on 11/23/2011
My paraphrase was in the ball park....:)
researcher
researcher
01:26 PM on 11/20/2011
if you have to ask that question then your love for god is suspect.

patroitism and nationalism has created more wars than a sincere love for a god of oneness.

this should be a no brainer question; the fact that it is for many tells us their love for god.

spend time in studying the books of anthony de mello. he takes on the patroitism nationalism beliefs and our levels of awareness of the god within us.

hint if we have a high level of patroitism and nationalism we have a low level of the awareness of god. sorry to be so blunt but spend time on this it is worth the effort.

go to vietnam and find out what we did to those people with our patroitism and nationalism and fears. also germany and japan are other examples of patroitism and nationalism beliefs over our awareness of god within us and others.
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12:19 PM on 11/20/2011
A pleasure to read the product of long and deep thought. Kudos.
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Elesha Ellison
Not all who wander are lost.
11:55 AM on 11/20/2011
I appreciate the time it must have taken the author to put the article together. It's not always easy to wrap up what one feels into words, then make oneself vulnerable to others by publishing it for examination by the masses.

As time passes, the more I identify w/ a community much greater than one nation, regardless of how lovely the nation may be. The passage of time is bringing us into closer proximity as a species, making separatist ideologies of various sources (such as exceptionalism) look as outdated as they have always been.

We are being shown how interconnected we are. Interconnectedness is not likely to coexist very well or at all w/ exceptionalism, moral or religious supremacy, or attempts at domination through the use of political or economic imperialism, etc. As a result of these revelations of interconnectedness, one might be lead to think we are being asked to choose between each other and worldly illusion.

I look forward to seeing what other comments will be offered on this article.

Take care. Peace. =)