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Raul A. Reyes

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Supreme Court Misses the Mark on Legal Arizona Workers Act

Posted: 06/ 3/11 05:53 PM ET

On May 26, the Supreme Court upheld the Legal Arizona Workers Act of 2007. Now any business in the Grand Canyon State that knowingly or intentionally hires undocumented workers can lose their business license. If they are caught with a second offense within three years, they can be shut down. The law also requires employers to use E-Verify to check whether prospective hires are authorized to work.

As an attorney and firm believer in the need for comprehensive immigration reform, I found the Court's decision troubling. It signals that states can continue to experiment with anti-illegal immigration initiatives. Eight states already have laws similar to Arizona's Legal Worker Act. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, this year there have been 279 bills in 44 states focusing on penalties for businesses that hire illegal immigrants. But a patchwork of local immigration laws on is no substitute for a coherent national policy.

While punishing employers for hiring illegal workers is a good idea, Arizona's law has not been shown to reduce illegal immigration. In 2008, the first year it was in effect, state income tax collection dropped 13%. But sales tax revenues on food and clothing remained fairly steady. The Arizona Republic, economists, and researchers have all concluded that the law has sent unauthorized workers into the underground economy, not back to Mexico. The law shifted people into informal employment, resulting in a drop in much-needed tax revenue.

In upholding Arizona's law, the Court also approved the mandatory use of E-Verify. With this program, employers check the names of prospective employees against a database maintained by the Social Security Administration and the Department of Homeland Security.

One problem with E-Verify is that it often does not detect unauthorized workers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services found that E-Verify cleared 54% of illegal immigrants to work.

In his majority opinion, Chief Justice John Roberts noted that E-Verify clears 98% of new hires to work. Yet the system poses a real hurdle for those incorrectly identified as unauthorized to work. This could be almost anyone, from those who have married, divorced or changed their name, to those unlucky enough to be the victim of a clerical error. The Government Accounting Office (GAO) estimates that taking E-Verify national would result in 164,000 workers a year being incorrectly tagged as not eligible to work. Arizona's law allows only eight working days to fix errors before a person must be fired. By the way, good luck with that. The GAO has called the process of fixing errors in the federal government database "formidable."

Although the government promotes E-Verify as "Fast, Easy, and Free," it places a significant burden on small businesses. Bloomberg estimates that if E-Verify were to go national, small businesses would have to spend $2.6 billion in time, training, and productivity to become compliant. E-Verify can be a hassle for big corporations, too. In 2008, Intel reported that 12% of its workforce was incorrectly tagged as ineligible to work.

In his dissenting opinion, Justice Stephen Breyer was rightly concerned by an unintended result of Arizona's law. Employers, faced with the risk of penalties or the loss of their business, will be reluctant to hire those who look or sound foreign-born. This opens the door for discrimination against Latinos, legal residents, or anyone who doesn't "look" American.

In the wake of the Court's ruling, the Obama Administration must ensure that the anti-discrimination provisions of employment laws are zealously enforced. The government must also invest in improving E-Verify's accuracy. Still, the program is a compliance tool, and was never intended to be enforcement option. It is not going to create jobs; its consequences may be the opposite. Unfortunately, the Court's decision shows disregard for immigration policy, economic reality, and civil rights.

 

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Alwayspissedoffatsomeone
Fighting for Common Sense
11:40 AM on 06/06/2011
"I found the Court's decision troubling. It signals that states can continue to experiment with anti-illegal immigration initiatives." -- Reyes

Why? Why would continuing the efforts of further securing this great nation against those who wish it harm be a bad thing Mr. Reyes? Why is it troubling to suggest this nation wants to know who is entering its borders and why? Do you assume that everyone who invades this country is only Hispanic and looking for a job, Mr Reyes? How self centered are your ideals? Why?
06:29 AM on 06/06/2011
Admittedly, Arizona's Workers act is flawed, but it is a step in the right direction. So the illegals move to an underground economy and this impacts state tax revenue, so what. The underground economy isn't that robust as to be able to absorb a significant number of illegals, and should the law encourage illegals to leave, the savings in medical, law enforcement , and education will more than make up the shortfall. So you don't like E-Verify. Though it does strike me as a step toward the "Big Brother" intrusion of the state into our daily lives, I will welcome the national I.D. system when and if it is implemented. The point I am trying to make is that though these early steps have their shortcomings, at least they are a start in forcing the point that the illegal alien is not wanted and will no longer be tolerated. I believe we will see progressively stronger legislative initiatives in the not to distant future. We, the tax paying public have had enough, and the day of the free ride for illegals is quickly coming to an end. God Bless America
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Peter Combs
Amused by the illogical..no, NOT a Republican
12:59 AM on 06/06/2011
FOr some reason this author says he is infavor of immigration reform...but doen;t encourage the States to do what is their right when the Federal Government has been uwilling to enforce its own rules.

E-Verify requires a SS#, Illegals cannot get one..they in the alternatvier use the ITIN # which the IRS hands out like candy on Easter...this practice needs to end. THis is why so many Illegals appear legal when checked.

E-Verify is not difficult to use, so far over 100,000 companies have signed up to use the FREE service voluntarily...this article is factually inaccurate.
02:22 PM on 06/05/2011
"As an attorney...It signals that states can continue to experiment with anti-illegal immigration initiatives."

...as an attourney, you should be well aware that states have the RIGHT to do such. According to FEDERAL law, each state has the RIGHT to sanction it's businesses. Guess what? This is exactly what this law does - it sanctions businesses based on hiring practices.

I disagree wholeheartedly with you, Mr. Reyes. The Supreme Court hit the mark exactly by agreeing with the law.
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
noaxe397
12:34 PM on 06/05/2011
Federal law, which is superior to state law, permits states to civilly sanction business licenses. That is why SCOTUS ruled in favor of the 2007 law. The state is passing a law that is a mirror of federal law. Before the law passed, then Gov Janet Napolitano "test drove" the E-verify system with state worker hiring and found it 95% accurate. She signed the 2007 bill into law. The flaw in the law is that, as with the notorious SB1070, the republicans in the legislature took the teeth out of this law by placing the word "knowingly" into the statute. Few businesses have been sanctioned because they pay their attornies to show that the illegals were not "knowingly" hired.
12:13 PM on 06/05/2011
Pretty soon, Mexico will sue the United States since allowing their citizens to violate our border IS a multi-billion dollar industry for them!! I wonder if they sponsor La Raza??
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wwilcox
Laws are made by men.
12:13 PM on 06/05/2011
Comprehensive immigration reform will not occur as long as Republicans hold at least one branch of goverment. Even if they hold no branches of government but 40% of the Senate, they can stop all reform because of the ability to abuse the filibuster. Why would they do that though? Because the changing demographic driven by Latino immigration is slowly marginalizing the Republican whites only party, and they are fighting for their politcal and racial lives.
02:51 AM on 06/05/2011
Good. Now states can take action to ensure their citizens have priority for jobs!
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Alwayspissedoffatsomeone
Fighting for Common Sense
08:48 PM on 06/04/2011
"It signals that states can continue to experiment with anti-illegal immigration initiatives. Eight states already have laws similar to Arizona's Legal Worker Act." -- Reyes

What can be possibly be wrong with trying to improve on a system that we know has flaws? Isn't that what the left has been screaming about for some time now, reform?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Robert SF
05:53 PM on 06/04/2011
"the need for comprehensive immigration reform"
===

Unfortunately, "comprehensive immigration reform" means "amnesty." We had one of those before, and even George Bush knew that fool me once... you can't get fooled again!

What we really need is less immigration. We have too many people as it is, so many that we don't even have jobs for all of them. Why do we need immigrants under these conditions? We don't.

And we also need to raise the standards bar. Why do we take in immigrants who hit the welfare rolls the moment they step foot on our soil? Why do we take in immigrants who aren't literate even in their own languages and whose only skill is manual labor?

As for the objection to going after employers, isn't that exactly what you immigration defenders use to say should be done? Don't go after the poor illegals, you said. Go after the employers! Well, that's what's being done, and now the complaints are coming in. Why? Because what you really want is unlimited immigration.
05:17 PM on 06/04/2011
13 comments so far and all of them disagree with the Mr. Reyes.

I wonder if the entire immigration debate is as polarized in the US as it is here in these comment sections... Probably not.

I, for one, still am of the opinion that excessive protectionism always backfires. Of course, today, the US doesn't seem to need any help from Mexico and her citizens, not even that they be cooperative on important concerns of the US people and government, like national security and counter-terrorism. Also, the state of the Mexican economy does not give them much leverage right now.

Being the wealthiest nation in the world for over a century, the US trades with almost every single nation on Earth, so it's to be expected that some will be more, others less disgruntled about economical or immigration protectionism.

In the other hand, the US has only 2 (make it 3) bordering nations, yet they handle the immigration "problem" so poorly. Many countries have many more neighbors yet they manage to keep the discontent to a minimum.

I'm trying hard not to think it's an ethnic or cultural issue. I guess I'll have to try harder.
09:39 AM on 06/05/2011
I am a long time liberal Democrat and I disagree strongly with Obama's approach on immigration. We need to complete a fence along the entire southern border so that we don't need so many BP agents and can make those folks more effective. We also need more effective employer sanctions and use of E-Verify and no match SS letters.

We cannot get universal health care or other needed social programs as long as we have no control over the numbers of people who can come in. The cost of lower wages is reflected in the tax returns for American workers and thus reduces the governments ability to get revenue. Those costs are NOT figured into the immigration stats.

The FACT is that no matter what reform is passed or not, the US will still be a magnet for much of the world and they will come legally or illegally. Those who cannot get in legally such as criminals, will still try. The only way to stop such unwanted people is to have a complete layered security system which extends from the border to ALL of the US, which includes making it near impossible to get a job here.
12:06 PM on 06/12/2011
Thanks for your comment, very enlightening. But regarding this quote:

"The only way to stop such unwanted people is to have a complete layered security system[...]"

I have a suggestion for another way to stop the unwanted people. I know most won't like it, but I still feel like sharing.

Migration is, by definition, the movement of people across borders. Since the dawn of mankind, people have migrated for various reasons. Often though, the number one reason is because their original location faced resource depletion or climatic discomfort.

So my suggestion would be: fight world poverty to the point of eradication. If all places in the world provide the same standard of living the US people enjoy (economically, socially, legally and otherwise), then it would be unlikely people would migrate.

But if someone would argue that it's not the US' fault that other countries are poor, because people born in the US are somehow gifted with greater ingeniousness than those of other nations... Then I guess my original point about it being a ethnic/racial issue is validated.
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noaxe397
12:38 PM on 06/05/2011
I beleive race more than economics drives the immigration debate. Do we ever hear about illegal Canadians or Irish in this country? The easy reply is they are not coming here illegally in the numbers the Mexicans are. OK, so a little law breaking is OK? Also, Mr. Reyes is arguing against settled law. Everytime the 2007 law has been challenged it has been upheld because it does not create a NEW state immigration law (as SB1070 does) but instead conforms to existing federal law in terms of states being allowed to sanction business licenses.
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Robert SF
04:10 PM on 06/05/2011
Actually, SB1070 is not at odds with federal legislation. It imposes nothing new. Legal immigrants are already required to carry proof of legal status, and people are already required to identify themselves when requested by law enforcement.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
hjo4
you can go with this or you can go with that
01:39 PM on 06/04/2011
The Supreme Court was spot on. Just wait until they grant States the right to check the status to determine if one is a citizen or not. Illegal aliens have no legal standing to be in the United States period, they violated our laws by crossing the border without authorization,that is a crime like it or not. Furthermore, we have an immigration system that works for those who chose to use it, those who do not shall be deported ,which is the fair and correct thing to do. America is not responsible for the poor and disenfranchised of other nations. What baffles me is how supposed intelligent minds seem to ignore that.This is not an emotional or compassionate issue but a LEGAL one, that must be addressed in the Supreme Court.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Honey Bucket
03:43 PM on 06/04/2011
If they can do this, then why can't something be set up to stop illegals getting financial, medical and housing assistance. I've seen many times that illegals are given affordable or low income assistance while American citizens have to wait years (citizens that are just as in need and just as poor)? Until this is fixed, the states,counties and cities are still overburdened. Schools are also overburdened educating the illegals in two languages and providing free breakfast, lunch and free after school babysitting.
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hjo4
you can go with this or you can go with that
03:55 PM on 06/04/2011
I agree with you but after the entire illegal alien question is brought before the Court all of those issues will be resolved one way or another.
HUFFPOST PUNDIT
hrpmap
Retired man still active..
11:49 AM on 06/04/2011
Supreme Court Misses the Mark on Legal Arizona Workers Act? They ruled the law was in accord with federal law, and under federal statute it is. They hit the merk.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
08:38 AM on 06/04/2011
Blah, blah, blah.

Face it: it isn't "a burden on small businesses" to require them to obey the law of this land. You can work to change the law, eliminate all visa requirements and documentation requirements and all of that, if you want to and if you can. But until you succeed in doing that, "it's the law," and thousands of our ancestors passed through Ellis Island in scrupulous compliance with that law.

Let's also be blunt about one more thing: if you're in this country without documentation, you're an agricultural Slave or an industrial non-indentured Slave. And, yeah, I use that Capitalized Word very matter-of-factly, as being the most descriptive word for their actual condition. Which is reprehensible, and illegal. "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude ..."
04:01 AM on 06/04/2011
It always amazes me that the advocates for immigration reform are always of mexican descent.

Why don't mexican-americans work to improve living conditions in mexico so they don't need to be illegal aliens?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dtairtime
It is what it is
09:31 AM on 06/04/2011
It shouldn't amaze you.

One must assume that virtually every mexican living here knows of several illegals and likely has several relatives here who are illegals. Due to the sheer numbers and the reported assistance they all get once here. 12-20 million illegals and about 30 million here legally.

One of the biggest culprits is our ridiculous family reunification laws that allow uneducated, elderly and low income immigrants before highly needed and educated ones. So many the illegals are on the waiting list to come here and they just move in with their family.

We should end most family reunification except immediate family and minor children only.
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Inkosi
The gods themselves rage aginst stupidity
12:35 PM on 06/06/2011
Why can't legal Americans here stop the fleecing of Americans by the banksters? Same reason Mexicans can't change their country - - a few Rich folks controle the Gov't.
03:49 PM on 06/06/2011
Oh, OK. Let's invite everyone in.