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Rick Lowery, Ph.D.

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Race, Guns and Standing Our Ground

Posted: 04/20/2012 12:32 pm

Trayvon Martin's death calls for serious conversation about race and guns.

The most important issue isn't "bad people." It's flawed culture.

The question isn't "who sinned, this man or his parents?" It's "who's this demonic power," this force that makes us think things we'd rather not think and do things we'd normally not do?
White racism, associating black skin with inferiority and danger, is one of the most pernicious demons we face as Americans.

It isn't "natural." It was created to justify morally unjustifiable slavery. Without African slaves, there would have been no tobacco industry, no sugar, coffee, rum, cotton or garment industries, no 17th through 19th century American economy. Those who benefited told themselves slavery was "good for the slaves" who were "naturally inferior," dangerous to society and to themselves if not controlled and "cared for."

Racism survived the Civil War because it justified the social-economic legacy of slavery, the dismantling of Reconstruction and the enforcement of legal segregation. It lingers in a softer form today because it gives an unthreatening rationale for striking disparities of wealth, incarceration, education, employment, health and housing that persist in America.

Vestiges of white racism affect everyday experiences.

I had a friend in seminary, one of the least intimidating people I've ever known. Despite my long hair, long beard and grubby jeans, I never was stopped by a cop or asked by another student or spouse to show my ID when I walked across campus at night. My friend was stopped and questioned frequently.

I'm white. He's black. I "belonged" there. He was treated as if he didn't. He was "suspicious." He literally had to keep proving his right to be there. Our experiences were not unique.

Black people in America typically experience racism as a relentless, pervasive, systemic reality. White people tend to experience it as isolated events -- a racist joke from an embarrassing uncle, a shocking comment, a blatant act of discrimination. It's no surprise that when black people talk about systemic racism, many white people don't get it or feel like they're being accused.

But white racism is systemic. It affects us all.

Malcolm Gladwell's book, "Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking," stems from an experience with unconscious racial profiling. Gladwell is the very light-skinned child of a white father and black mother. He looks "white." He normally kept his hair short, but let it grow into a kind of "Afro." He started getting more speeding tickets, was more frequently pulled out of line in airport security and searched. Once, he was walking down a familiar street when a police van veered onto the sidewalk. Officers surrounded him. He fit the profile of a rapist, they said. They showed him the sketch and description of a man who was much taller and heavier, about 15 years younger than Gladwell. Other than the Afro, the man looked nothing at all like him! When he pointed this out, they took a closer look and agreed.

Gladwell didn't think the cops were hard-core racists. Something deeper was at work here than conscious racism.

The answer, he found, lies in basic survival. Our brains respond instantly to danger by identifying stereotypical patterns. Psychologists call it "adaptive unconscious." Though we often describe it as "intuition" and contrast it with "reason," it's in fact the brain's super-rational power instantly to match behavior, movement, and facial cues to patterns set by genetic and cultural transmission and personal experience. So we react immediately, before danger rises to the level of conscious awareness.

The problem is that our "gut reactions" are shaped in part by a culture still tarnished by centuries of white racism.

Gladwell describes a computerized test that measures unconscious racial associations.The idea is that we make connections more quickly between pairs of ideas that are already related in our minds than we do between pairs that are unfamiliar. Researchers measure both how people answer and how quickly they answer, down to a fragment of a second.

The test has been taken online by millions of people.

By large majorities, more than 80-percent overall, participants are more likely to have negative implicit associations for black people and positive associations for whites. About half of the 50,000 African Americans who had taken the test when the book was written showed pro-white, anti-black associations! Gladwell, appalled by his own response times, took the test repeatedly, always with the same result. His response times showed a pro-white bias.
White racism is not a "white problem" or a "black problem." It affects us all. It's a systemic problem.

It's a special problem when concealed weapons enter the equation.

Police officers and soldiers get extensive, intensive weapons training to help them control "gut reactions," instant reflexes in dangerous situations.

But states don't require much training at all for private citizens who carry concealed weapons outside the home.

Some require no training. Some require no permit! Most require a half-day course that covers basic gun safety and teaches -- as the ads highlight -- how to avoid legal liability when you shoot somebody.

These laws up the ante, heighten the danger, increase the chance of a tragic reflex. Since our reflex responses are shaped at an unconscious level by racist stereotypes, this is a formula for disaster.

I grieve for Trayvon, for his family and friends.

I grieve for George, for his "gut feeling" that this young man was "suspicious," for his failure to heed the dispatcher's advice, for the fear that made him grab his gun and follow Trayvon, for the reflex response that made him kill.

And I'm angry at lobbyists and politicians who exploit our fears, who pass laws that encourage decent people with little training to play police -- not to defend their homes, but to take their guns into public spaces and "stand their ground."

The tragedy of Trayvon and George is the failure of American political culture. It's cynical, it's dangerous, and we've got to change it.

 
 
 
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freerangevoter
Live Free or Raise Hell
10:03 PM on 05/26/2012
My wife and I went a little "Zimmerman" today when we chased down a punk that tossed a Diet Coke can out of his truck. I flashed the high beams and he pulled over after about a mile. My wife scolded this young man and he promissed to turn back and pick up the can.

If I would have had a gun on me I would not have flagged the kid down because there is too much risk of losing the right to carry.

30 some years ago I saw a half dozen black guys beating the snot out of a white guy in a major city. I was carrying, but I had no idea what the circumstances were. The poorly dressed white guy may have just burned them on a drug deal. I stopped my bike 20 feet in front of the fight and alerted a dim-witted officer to the incdent. He looked up and said, "I'll get over there as soon as I finish writing this traffic ticket"
This reassured me that it was best not to jump in.

One of the points stressed at Front Sight and other self-defense training centers is that if you shoot someone in self-defense you will face strict legal scrutiny and will almost certainly be sued by the perp or his family. "It's going to cost you tens-of-thousands in legal fees."
04:53 PM on 05/01/2012
Interestingly, one of the many reasons right-to-carry laws were able to pass in so many states is because they allow inner-city people who live in dangerous areas a way to protect themselves. Of course, many of these people are of color. But since many inner-city residents can't afford a gun, ammo, training, or a permit, more suburban residents have taken advantage of the laws. But before suggesting making it more difficult to carry based on racial reasons, this author should check out the data that proves how much safer allowed concealed carry makes us all. "More Guns, Less Crime" by John Lott is full of proven statistics.
05:26 PM on 04/30/2012
Wow! That was quite possibly the largest, steamiest pile of self-indulgent lecturing I've ever read. There's several minutes of my life I'll never get back...
Why do people always seem to feel the need to wrap reality in justification and excuses? With apologies, Doctor, I'm going to have to respectfully disagree with almost every word you wrote after "Trayvon Martin's death calls for..."
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09:08 PM on 04/27/2012
Thank you, Dr. Lowry, for your excellent statement. I agree.

"And I'm angry at lobbyists and politicians who exploit our fears, who pass laws that encourage decent people with little training to play police -- not to defend their homes, but to take their guns into public spaces and "stand their ground."

The tragedy of Trayvon and George is the failure of American political culture. It's cynical, it's dangerous, and we've got to change it."
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Grumpy Man
Disappointed idealist
10:15 AM on 04/27/2012
George,

You were doing OK until you got to this part:

"Police officers and soldiers get extensive, intensive weapons training to help them control "gut reactions," instant reflexes in dangerous situations.

But states don't require much training at all for private citizens who carry concealed weapons outside the home.

Some require no training. Some require no permit! Most require a half-day course that covers basic gun safety and teaches -- as the ads highlight -- how to avoid legal liability when you shoot somebody.

These laws up the ante, heighten the danger, increase the chance of a tragic reflex. Since our reflex responses are shaped at an unconscious level by racist stereotypes, this is a formula for disaster."

Statistics gathered in recent decades simply don't justify your predicted "formula for disaster." Statistics indicate that CCW permitted persons are among some of the most law abiding, trouble free citizens in the nation.

I also take issue with: "And I'm angry at lobbyists and politicians who exploit our fears, who pass laws that encourage decent people with little training to play police -- not to defend their homes, but to take their guns into public spaces and "stand their ground.""

I'm a tad "angry" at people who think that my life is less worth protecting in public.
Is your life worth more at home than it is at the local convenience store? Please explain.
01:13 AM on 04/30/2012
Police officers and some private citizens have extensive training involving multiple circumstances motivated for offense, defense, and duty to protect others, including strangers in need of help, as well as themselves. Citizens typically when it comes to second amendment rights may or may not have extensive training for defense. Safety and protection of random strangers is not a duty of citizens.

Public protection currently is supported by citizens through agreement for tax funded police and military forces. Should we call 911? or Should every citizen white, black, hispanic push to become CCW certified? Do people tend to support rights to self defense, because of prior situations in which police and military forces were not available immediately, or engaged in behavior similar to the case of Kelly vs Paschall?
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Grumpy Man
Disappointed idealist
06:21 AM on 04/30/2012
Three questions:

Should we call 9-1-1?

Yes. Absolutely. A good response time will have an officer on scene in 3-5 minutes. 3-5 minutes can be a loooooong wait when the feces hits the wind moving device.

Should everyone push to become CCW certified?

Absolutely not. It's a personal choice and a HUGE responsibility.

Why do people support rights of self defense and/or decide to CCW?

I can't answer as I would be presuming to speak for others. I would assume there are a myriad of reasons that guide different people's choices to carry.
08:30 PM on 04/26/2012
I hope Dr. Lowery is never faced with a situation where someone is attacking him and he is in fear for his life. He would wish he had a gun and the nonsense he just spewed in his article would be irrelevant.
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Robert J. Feldman
Lawyer www.newyork-criminal-defense.com
06:09 PM on 04/26/2012
Growing up in a mostly white environment, defending mostly black indigent people as a young legal aid attorney and now fortunate to have a diverse group of friends, clients and colleagues, I totally agree with Dr. Lowery.

However, trying hard to complete the "test", I grew frustrated and couldn't help myself and stopped pressing all those K's and D's for Mitt Romney and Herman Cain. What was the point of that section and does my inability to finish it indicate ADD or latent racism?
08:58 AM on 04/27/2012
Robert J. Feldman...I do not believe your frustration with the test indicates either ADD or latent racism!! I believe many people found this test to be frustrating, including myself. You have given a great deal of yourself in helping the black community in your work as a legal aid attorney. Your chosen career path is seeking justice for people, regardless of skin color. I do not have great faith in any 'test' of this type to accurately interpret our feelings as humans. Thank you for your very honest post!!
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WARHUKKER
“My country, right or wrong
09:41 PM on 04/23/2012
Black people in America typically experience racism as a relentless, pervasive, systemic reality ??? Having dated interracially since the 70's and married for 17 years,and having thousands of conversations about race,and civil rights movement I find this claim patently false.I am tired of "White Guilt" liberals trying to gain some cache into the black community by pandering to this false notion.
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MEVirginia
It's all about the numbers
04:31 PM on 04/23/2012
I wonder where we all get identifying stereotypical patterns. Could it be all the News programing that we get?
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billyknows2
say what you mean, mean what you say
02:43 PM on 04/23/2012
William Shakespear once said,"Nothing in this world is right or wrong but thinking makes it so."
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billyknows2
say what you mean, mean what you say
02:30 PM on 04/23/2012
I support gun control 100 percent! If there's a gun in the room, I wanna be the one controlling it!
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wolflover3825
Hungry Like the Wolf.
10:02 AM on 04/25/2012
Um, not if it's my house and my gun. :)
10:45 AM on 04/23/2012
The pictures show a HORIZONTAL line with bloob. The first mention of a bleeding head said tere were two VERTICAL cuts.
2.) Plus; my cheap camera tells the date and time a picture was taken. It can easily be proven when the picture was taken.
3.) All that blood and no stitches??? Where are the x-rays showing the noes has ever been broken???.
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billyknows2
say what you mean, mean what you say
02:25 PM on 04/23/2012
Hey Winkeydink; Dont know, dont care.
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MEVirginia
It's all about the numbers
04:26 PM on 04/23/2012
ABC , on their site, said that the picture was taken by a spectator using the camera in a phone. We have not seen the offical pictures taken by the police yet.
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kykys2
the world has gotten so terribly, terribly old
04:02 AM on 04/23/2012
Such a great post.

We shouldn't be looking at what one man did, we should be looking at the culture that produces these situations time and again. It's not just about race, it's about putting guns in people's hands who clearly aren't emotionally responsible enough to handle them.
04:47 AM on 04/23/2012
nice that you're the judge and jury.
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kykys2
the world has gotten so terribly, terribly old
08:51 AM on 04/23/2012
We have a culture that rewards stupidity and worships guns. That should be judged. And harshly.

If you thought I was referring to one particular person, you should read a little slower and type a little less.
12:33 PM on 04/22/2012
As a violence policy advocate, the steps needed to end gun violence are clear.
The First step is to take advantage of high profile incidents.
The Second step is to marginalize legal gun use and historic precedent.
The Third step is to make some guns seem more dangerous than others, even if they are not.
The Fourth step is to register every sale.
The Fifth step is a robust “Shall Issue” permitting process.
The Final step is to encourage and incentivize the forfeiture of arms.
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WARHUKKER
“My country, right or wrong
09:45 PM on 04/23/2012
I am also a violence policy advocate.I advocate to commit violence on anyone that threatens my family,myself,or my home.Sleep well knowing that if someone breaks into your home all you can do is cower,and hope the police show up in time,remember to tell the rapist/burglars that you are a violence policy advocate.
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SmileAndActNice
Utilitarianism, the -ism that works.
09:45 PM on 04/24/2012
I have two neighbors who are heavily armed. One is a great guy that I'm glad to have in the neighborhood. I feel safer knowing he is there. The other is a woman who was assaulted horribly and is now very, very focused on self defense.

I wish she were somewhere else. Far from other houses.

She is incredibly paranoid. I would not be surprised at all to see her house covered in police tape and hear that she flipped out and shot someone for chasing their pet dog across her lawn. She has sent girl scouts packing at gun point.

If she has to be here, I'd rather she be unarmed. Her fear is so strong that it has, in my opinion, completely compromised her judgement. She calls the police at least once a month about something or other.

She's sort of a female Zimmerman.
12:19 PM on 04/22/2012
Couldn't agree more.