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Richard (RJ) Eskow

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Social Security: Mitch Daniels and the Millionaires' "Means Testing" Scam

Posted: 02/ 2/2012 2:58 pm

Last week Republican Mitch Daniels once again pushed the "means testing" argument against Social Security, saying that we can no longer "afford to send millionaires pension checks" or "pay medical bills for even the wealthiest among us."

Daniels even appropriated the rhetoric of the 99 percent, arguing that we must "stop sending the wealthy benefits they do not need, and stop providing them so many tax preferences that distort our economy and do little or nothing to foster growth."

I kept waiting for Grover Norquist or Karl Rove to yell "mic check!" But behind Daniels' 99-percent rhetoric lies a means-testing scam designed to protect millionaires, not restore justice.

Means-Testing Sounds Reasonable

Daniels and his fellow Social Security attackers are able to draw on a very reasonable-sounding (but completely deceptive) argument, one that's been honed and promoted by billionaire-funded think tanks and other anti-government organizations. The "means testing" argument does sound fair -- until you think about it.

After all, what could be more reasonable than saying we can't afford to send "pension checks" to millionaire retirees who don't need them?

There is something that's much more reasonable -- and much easier to implement, too: Just tax them what they should have been paying in the first place.

So You Want to Be a Millionaire?

First of all, what's a "millionaire"? If you say that a millionaire is someone with $1 million or more in investable assets, past studies have showed that only about one American in one hundred meets that definition. After the collapse of the housing market and the decimation of private pension plans, the percentage of retirees who meet that definition is probably much smaller. And it's shrinking every year.

Besides, why punish people who were wise enough -- and fortunate enough -- to save for their retirement? Are we suddenly a nation that punishes thrift and investment? If one of these "millionaires" retires at 65 and has a life expectancy of 20 years, their million dollars will provide a comfortable, but not lavish, income.

If you define "millionaire" in a more reasonable way -- say, as someone who earns at least a million dollars each year in investment and other income after retirement -- the number of people who fit the definition becomes extremely small.

A Vast Conservative Bureaucracy

The Social Security Administration (SSA) is already cash-starved, especially by Republicans who have gutted its budget. These cuts have already delayed the processing of applications and appeals, and have threatened to slow the distribution of checks. These cuts hurt the disabled, children and seniors.

How is the SSA expected to handle this new means-testing function? Right now its overhead is admirably low because it's a simple cash-in/cash-out program. Will it now be forced to process new paperwork on every applicant? Will it have to link its computer systems with those of the IRS, creating a new electronic database of information on every American? Will every retiring senior be grilled by government officials as part of a screening process?

The cost of means-testing could well be greater than the amount of money saved. After all, there are more than 38,000,000 people over the age of 65 in the United States today. And every one of them will need to be screened every year.

I thought Republicans wanted to cut bureaucracy, not increase it.

No Cost/Benefit to Cutting Benefits

And let's consider how much money would -- or wouldn't -- be saved. The very maximum anybody receives from Social Security at today's rates is roughly $39,000, and almost nobody gets that much. To receive that much in benefit you'd have to have earned above the payroll tax cap limit -- which is about $106,000 today -- every single year of your working life from the age of 21 or so.

A more typical benefit for high earners would be somewhere in the high $20,000s. So we'd be building an enormous new bureaucracy just to reduce benefits for less than one person in 100, and probably much less. That just doesn't make sense.

Pension My You-Know-What

Here's what would make sense: Tax those high earners so that they're contributing their fair share to the economy. And if you're concerned about paying benefits to the wealthy retired, that can be solved with a tax-based program too.

But it shouldn't be solved that way. Why? Because Social Security benefits aren't "pension checks," despite Daniels' rhetoric. They're benefits from a fund that every working person in this country contributes to with every paycheck. If a millionaire's receiving Social Security, they paid for it throughout their working life.

In fact, Social Security was designed that way for a reason: So that politicians like Mitch Daniels -- and any Democrat that wants to strike a "Grand Bargain" with them -- weren't able to pretend they were doing anything other than violating an agreement that working Americans honor with every payroll tax deduction. They've kept their part of the bargain. Now it's time for the government to keep its part.

The Horse

Why would conservatives propose a vast new Federal bureaucracy when it isn't needed, and when it would only be focused on a tiny minority of people? One possible answer could lie in reports from groups like the right-wing Concord Coalition, which proposed cutting benefits for 'high-income' Americans - and then defined 'high-income' as anyone who earned more than $20,000 per year on average!

In other words, the means-testing proposal is a Trojan horse. It uses anti-millionaire rhetoric to create the machinery for denying benefits to rich people, but its backers will then use that machinery against most Americans.

Fuzzy Math

Daniels went on to say that "The mortal enemies of Social Security and Medicare are those who, in contempt of the plain arithmetic, continue to mislead Americans that we should change nothing. Listening to them much longer will mean that these proud programs implode, and take the American economy with them."

But its Daniels and his allies who are showing contempt for arithmetic -- and for fairness, too. Even the most dire predictions don't say that Social Security will "implode." They say that, without changes, it will "only" be able to pay 75 percent of projected benefits -- a quarter-century from now. That's not implosion, and it's easily fixed if we make the right adjustments today.

One simple adjustment would be to lift the payroll tax cap altogether. That would restore the program to 100-percent stability. Another would be to assess a financial transactions tax, which could help cover this long-term shortfall and slow down the risky bank speculation that's already crashed the economy once.

99-to-1: Fair Solutions

But are solutions like that fair? Yes, and here's why: Baby Boomers were hit with an increase in payments back in the 1980s, along with a higher retirement age to cover the "age wave" they represent. That brought the program back into balance. They're not why Social Security has this long-term shortfall.

As economist L. Josh Bivens and others have shown, the only reason Social Security has any problem at all is because the payroll tax cap is too low. It was designed to cover 90 percent of all income. But the top 1 percent of Americans has grabbed much more of the nation's wealth than anybody could have predicted back in the 1980s -- even Alan Greenspan, who headed the redesign of Social Security back then.

Social Security's only problem is, at its root, the same problem so many corners of American life have: the ruthless hijacking of our national wealth by a tiny, greedy minority. Means-testing is just a distraction, a diversion, a way of redirecting people's justifiable outrage into a program that supposedly targets millionaires, but will really just rob them again so that millionaires don't have to pay their fair share.

If the people who have enriched themselves at the expense of everyone else are asked to step up, Social Security's long-term imbalance disappears.

But you won't hear Mitch Daniels say that. Some Democrats will, but too many others have avoided making that argument for the American people. It's time to debunk the 'means-testing' hoax forever.

 

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Last week Republican Mitch Daniels once again pushed the "means testing" argument against Social Security, saying that we can no longer "afford to send millionaires pension checks" or "pay medical bi...
Last week Republican Mitch Daniels once again pushed the "means testing" argument against Social Security, saying that we can no longer "afford to send millionaires pension checks" or "pay medical bi...
 
 
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02:04 PM on 02/05/2012
Yes means testing makes so much sense...let's punish people for being successful by denying them the benefits they paid for. That's a great way to encourage our children to save and strive to be successful in their occupations. And, where do we draw the line? How do you compute wealth? Is the family farmer who struggles to hold on to his 1,000 acres, barely ekes out a living, but is deemed wealthy because the land he farms is determined to be worth much greater value to the developer. He is land rich and cash poor...does he get his Social Security?
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William1950
everything I say could be wrong
12:23 PM on 02/05/2012
remove the cap on SS taxes...
unique
Animal lover forever
02:07 PM on 02/04/2012
I am surprised the article did not state that there would not have
been any problems if Congress did not take the Social Security
Funds for the General Funds and leave IOU's for the rest of us.
I think the IOU money should come out of the Congressional
Retirement Fund which our elected officials in Congress did
not touch.
05:22 AM on 02/05/2012
Considering that each and every member of Congress pays into Social Security and has done so since 1984, taking money out of Social Securty to put it back into Social Security would be a waste of time, wouldn't it?
unique
Animal lover forever
11:33 AM on 02/05/2012
I was under the impression that Congress has a Congressional Retirement and does not pay into SS. Congress needs to return the IOU money, even if it has to come out of Congressional Retirement.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
BLMer
01:54 PM on 02/04/2012
We all file yearly taxes. Just flag the forms that show a million dollar income and with the miracle of a simple computer stop any SS payments to that person.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
2pence
ignorance should not be contagious
01:30 PM on 02/04/2012
The biggest problem with SS is the lack of operating knowledge the average voter has of the program; the caps, the intergenerational framework, the pay out limits, etc. If you don't want to remove all caps, remove the cap on the personal portion, that portion representative of personal return seen in the retirement check. Investment should have a transaction tax, much of the market swings, to me, seems to be about a limited number of traders driving stocks higher for very short terms before large sell offs. Seems a higher number of low profit payoffs creating a larger profit. The markets are now no longer focused on long term investment, as investing in of itself has become a rapid fire way to make money in short term increments at a capital gains tax of 15%, what's there not to love for market manipulators.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sylvia wadlington
Gnothi Seauton
12:15 PM on 02/04/2012
If it all sounds complicated to you, I can make it simple. If Daniels is for it, then there in something in it for his rich sponsors. Don't trust any republican bills, they all end up poisoning the poor and enriching the fat cats.
To keep life simple, simply vote against EVERYTHING REPPUBLICAN.
10:24 AM on 02/04/2012
It always worked to buy bonds with extra Social Security money. FDR said US Treasuries are the safest investment in the world.

The elected right wing and conservatives have always wanted to get rid of FDR's New Deal. Roosevelt did his best to set it up so it couldn't be destroyed. He used payroll contributions to fund Social Security so the people could see they were paying their own retirement, not the government.

It took them many decades, but the right wing figured out a way to ruin Social Security. They told us to pay double starting in 1983 so we would have enough money for the many boomers to retire. We bought savings bonds with the extra money.

When we bought savings bonds, we gave the government the money to use until we needed to cash in the bonds. Here is where it gets sneaky mean. They have deliberately cut taxes and started wars so they would have such a large debt that they will have to end Social Security in ten years. They even may have a problem coming up with enough to pay those baby boomers 55 or over. They will have to raise taxes.

This was done deliberately. Too many in our government are setting on their rear ends and plotting how to take from the middle class.

The full retirement age was raised from 65 to 67, we paid double our contributions and college was eliminated for surviving children to make up for living longer.
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Izzy66
Agree to Disagree
02:29 PM on 02/04/2012
In that way it has been 'raided.' Spot on. F&F
03:01 PM on 02/04/2012
It's the price we must pay for treating our Demcoracy - for generations - as a SPECTATOR'S sport.

I'm totally convinced, if today more Americans are aware of what government is doing - while easily invoking they're doing it all for the American people, it's simply because a guest arrived at the WH dressed in black, but I'll venture to say, once the guest leaves, them government observers shall go back to watching Britney.
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04:07 PM on 02/03/2012
I can't wait- (yes, actually I can)- for that "grand bargain" that will no doubt pre-emptively be offered by Mr. Obama to these rich republicans who have always hated Social Security.
Ok fine- you Masters of the Universe, do your worst- what are you going to do with 50 million old people living and dying on the street?
10:27 AM on 02/04/2012
I don't think they are prepared to deal with all the boomers that don't work and have a lot of time on their hands.

What is silly, unless they plan on us starving in the streets, they will have to give us food stamps and welfare.
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Angrykitteh
You're on double secret probation....
11:26 AM on 02/04/2012
"what are you going to do with 50 million old people living and dying on the street?"

They'll probably offer us jobs a janitors, unless Newt gives all those jobs to elementary school children.
11:57 AM on 02/04/2012
What are old people supposed to do? Eat cat food as their food of choice because by the time they pay to heat up their homes (when they are still fortunate enough to have one) not much left in the kitty to buy food.

Remember when villagers in Japan, upon learning of the defeat of their armed forces, marched up to the end of the cliff and jumped off?

It is our seniors who have bled to make this country what it was when it was great. They certainly can't be out greeting people at Wal Mart as a job they choose just to have food on their table. Time to show some respect for our own people. Get out of these senseless, unproductive wars and bring back those tax dollars to support our own.

The super rich will always make sure they protect their tails.
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VPerry24
Carpe Diem!
02:40 PM on 02/03/2012
The argument that Social Security is in dire straits because it's gone cash-flow negative don't hold up. While the program has been paying out more than its receipts from FICA taxes, it's still comfortable cash positive when you include bond redemptions and interest, and income taxes paid by some beneficiaries.

"If you look at just the next 25 years, you have 100 percent cash flow adequacy," says Ken Buffin, president of Buffin Partners, Inc., an actuarial and economic research firm, speaking at last week's annual conference of the National Academy of Social Insurance. "If you look out farther over 50 years, it has 90 percent adequacy, a deficit that is not difficult to manage."

Buffin was alluding to Social Security's only real problem: it's on track to exhaust its surplus around 2036, at which point it will have enough incoming revenue to pay only 77 percent of promised benefits. But that problem can be solved without cutting benefits; for example, removing the cap on income subject to FICA tax would close most of the projected gap. And while he's at it, Mitt Romney and Newt Gingrich should be asked how they justify their claims that Social Security's finances are a fraud, considering that the program is sitting on a $2.6 trillion surplus and is projected to be 100 percent solvent for the next 25 years.
http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Articles/2012/02/02/Social-Security-Real-Problem.aspx#page1
06:09 PM on 02/03/2012
"...removing the cap on income subject to FICA tax would close most of the projected gap." See my post below -- are you at all concerned about the number of jobs that would disappear from small businesses when you lift that cap?
10:34 AM on 02/04/2012
Most who work for small business do not make close to the cap that we already have. My son in law started his own company and he had to pay double Social Security taxes, because he had to pay the employer part and match the worker part on himself.

Maybe they could figure out a fair way to do it. I don't believe they should cut out Social Security on the rich employer when they retire because they have paid in so much by matching the workers Social Security amount.
08:22 PM on 02/04/2012
Thank you for the information. We are only given part of the scenario. The part meant for the masses to shock and awe us into the fear mentality. Nothing seems to change under the sun when it comes to politics.
01:44 PM on 02/03/2012
Lift the payroll tax cap altogether? It seems that most of the people who agree with this are thinking of the Mark Zuckerburgs of the world. What about small business? You know - the "engine of our economy?" The drop in today's unemployment rate was largely contributed to small business hiring. And remember, small business owners pay 100% of their Social Security taxes. We have no employer paying half of ours. When the "Payroll Tax Reduction" (really a Social Security tax reduction) happened, your Social Security taxes were reduced, but not small business owners. So right now, a small business owner making $250,000 pays 12.4% of $106800 or $13243.20 into Social Security taxes. Raise the cap and that same small business owner will pay $31000. How many of those owners will just pay the tax and how many will let "Marge" in the mailroom go to offset the increase?
08:44 AM on 02/04/2012
"Self-employed persons, who pay both halves of the Social Security tax through the self-employment tax, will pay a combined rate of 10.4% (the employer's 6.2% plus the employee's 4.2% rates). "
http://taxes.about.com/od/payroll/a/Reduced-Social-Security-Withholding-For-2011.htm
11:18 AM on 02/04/2012
That is true for 2011 and until the "Social Security Reduction" ends. I paid 10.4 of my FICA taxes, plus 6.2% of my three employees. That's not counting all the other taxes I pay as a small business person - Los Angeles County Taxes, Business Personal Property Taxes, EDD Taxes to the State of California. And none of this counts all the other taxes that you and I pay - property taxes, sales taxes, federal and state taxes, taxes on my phone bill, water bill, gas and electric bill.
11:21 AM on 02/04/2012
Someone that has the true facts and figures maybe could set it up to where the employer pays a lower rate on his own Social Security.

Maybe they could lower the tax rate but take the cap off completely. Those who have workers who earn under $106,400 would save money on their match. The highly paid CEOs would pay a lot. If they put it all in options then tax the options.
11:45 AM on 02/04/2012
The employer does not pay a lower rate.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
blackraisin
Life, Liberty, Property.
01:22 PM on 02/03/2012
Means testing sounds good to me.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
George Dayton
02:19 PM on 02/04/2012
It would to somebody with no commen sence...
12:13 PM on 02/03/2012
Please take the time to "inform" all us readers who "gutted" s.s. funds! ALL politicians in the last 25 years have raided all excess monies that we have paid in. The object was to have an excess of money in SS so there would be money for the future senior citizens who have paid into the system.
All previous politicians have "dipped" into SS as if it were there own piggy bank. Now "we" have the problem.....No political party is without guilt....Get rid of ALL special interests!!!!!!! They have ruined our great country....
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
VPerry24
Carpe Diem!
11:22 AM on 02/04/2012
Yes, it is all legal. It won't be legal if they don't pay back every penny they owe to Social Security when the treasury bonds are cashed in.
12:48 PM on 02/04/2012
In my opinion it is. If the funds were not "raided", we wouldn't be having this banter!
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Gestas
Mountain Man
11:56 AM on 02/03/2012
""In a country that is well governed poverty is something to be ashamed of...In a country that is badly governed wealth is something to be ashamed of.""
02:31 PM on 02/03/2012
You are really twisted if you think that people are proud to be impoverished. Although, you definitely must be a republican, because they have been pushing the narative that the poor are responsible for their situation and should be punished.
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2pence
ignorance should not be contagious
01:21 PM on 02/04/2012
Read the post again. A well governed nation should not have poverty, a badly run nation with wealth implies the government of that nation is ignoring the poverty in it's citizenry. Take the words and the wisdom and the analytical thinking they should inspire. The critical words to the analysis is "ashamed of".
11:29 AM on 02/03/2012
The main point is good, but he puts up an unnecessary straw man to make his point - that of a greater bureaucracy and tons of more paperwork, etc. He envisions countless more people to do the work necessary to "means-test." That simply isn't true - Social Security already has what it needs to means test. He also muddies the "fairness" question, when he talks about the "fairness" of denying benefits to those who have earned them - even if they are millionaires. There also is no suggestion that I know of that those who are wealthy can simply opt out of the system altogether. I don't think that is on the table (although many Republicans would like that, they have seen that the public is against this). Rather than lift the cap on contributions, they would like to limit payments - that doesn't hurt the rich at all - a couple of thousand a month to a person who is making a million a year means little. The question of whether they are talking about a person who earns a million a year vs. one who has retirement investments of a million dollars or more is an important one. a person with a nest egg of a million dollars would have a retirement income of about $70-75,000 a year, including Social Security, which would be a significant part of their income.
11:39 AM on 02/04/2012
They don't have to increase the payments to the rich for Social Security as much if they raise the cap. They need to transition in the new benefit payback to the high earners. The amount they get back should be more than now, but not double what they would get now.
11:15 AM on 02/03/2012
This continues the inaccurate narrative that social security is a pension. That somehow current retirees saved resources and they are now consuming them. It is not. The SCOTUS case that upheld SS said as much.

What is it then? It's a program to transfer resources from current workers to past workers. Nothing is saved. Everything is consumed. Each generation is expected to give this benefit to the previous. To not do so, progressives often describe as being "unfair". But is it fair to consume all our resources when we are working and then expect our children to provide. A "spend and take" system. Wouldn't it be fairer if workers instead used a "save and spend" system. One in which as workers they didn't consume all their resources, but instead saved them? Yes. That means people won't be able to consume as much when they are working. But it also means they'll be bearing much more of the cost for their benefits. That's fair.
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George Dayton
02:26 PM on 02/04/2012
your the one inaccurate...