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Robert L. Borosage

Robert L. Borosage

Posted: July 28, 2010 11:54 AM

Reality Check

What's Your Reaction:

Washington is enmeshed in the economic version of the phony war. The two sides have declared war on one another, but neither has faced up to the fierce battles yet to come. Too few seem aware of the staggering challenges that face this country.

Here is a summary of the carnage wrought by the Great Recession summarized by the Economist from a Pew study (HT to nakedcapitalism.com):

More than half of all workers have experienced a spell of unemployment, taken a cut in pay or hours or been forced to go part-time. The typical unemployed worker has been jobless for nearly six months. Collapsing share and house prices have destroyed a fifth of the wealth of the average household. Nearly six in ten Americans have cancelled or cut back on holidays. About a fifth say their mortgages are underwater. One in four of those between 18 and 29 have moved back in with their parents. Fewer than half of all adults expect their children to have a higher standard of living than theirs, and more than a quarter say it will be lower.. for many Americans the great recession has been the sharpest trauma since the second world war, wiping out jobs, wealth and hope itself.

Stop and consider the implications. Then add the fact that continuing high levels of unemployment are now the consensus forecast. Long term unemployment will remain at record levels. In the US, where we provide only temporary support for the unemployed, this is a social catastrophe. Families break apart; drugs and despair increases; community institutions decline; domestic violence, racial and anti-immigrant hostility soar. The young graduating into this economy are likely to fare worse throughout their work lives.

In this context, the Washington debate seems particularly puerile. The business and financial elites are rolling out an attack on Obama as anti-business, accusing him of demonizing corporations. Given Obama's preternatural equanimity, the charge is risible. And utterly dishonest. (See for example, Paul Krugman's takedown of the latest screed by real estate mogul Mort Zuckerman, who Breitbarted an Obama quote, utterly distorting it to make his point.)

Republicans have returned to their supply side fantasies, arguing that top end tax cuts won't add to deficits, while filibustering against unemployment insurance and any jobs program. But we tried it their way in the Bush years. Deficit spending driven by top end tax cuts and wars produced a bubble economy, scarred by no jobs growth, stagnant wages, growing inequality, growing debt, and borrowing of $2 billion a day from abroad, largely from Chinese central bankers. And that was before the bubble burst. Surely, they have to offer something different.

Democrats, in contrast, believe the Recovery Act worked to save an economy in free fall, but wasn't big enough to put people back to work. So they call for more jobs initiatives, plus extension of unemployment supports as well as aid to cash strapped states to forestall layoffs of teachers and police. But, divided internally, with Blue Dogs focused on deficits, they've been reduced to offering up bite-sized legislative morsels not close to what is needed to address the problem.

Each of these positions assumes that we can recover back to the old economy. Just revive business confidence, or cut top end tax cuts, or offer up temporary jobs programs, and the economy will recover.

The problem, as President Obama argued so cogently in his Georgetown Economic Sermon on the Mount, is that we can't go back to the old economy and should not want to. The old economy was based on bubbles inflated by debt, with most Americans falling behind, meager job production, growing offshoring of manufacturing, and rising inequality. There is no answer there to the mass unemployment, declining wages, and even greater inequality we are experiencing now.

Obama argued that we had to build a new foundation for the economy out of the ruins of the old. He called for investing in areas vital to our future -- education and training, 21st century infrastructure, research and development. We had to shrink the financial sector so it no longer captured 40% of corporate profits. We had to balance our trade and make things in America once more. Capturing a lead role in the expanding renewable energy markets of the future was a national security and an economic imperative.

But that vision has been blighted in practice. The recovery act provided a down payment on the investment agenda, but now the president is committed to a three year freeze on domestic spending which essentially rules out any significant investment. The big banks were rescued but not reorganized, and emerged from the crisis more concentrated than ever. Germany and China and other mercantilist nations scorn Obama's call for balanced trade, and the president is reverting to peddling more of the trade accords that helped put us in this hole. Even on new energy, the US has lagged behind the Germans, the Spanish, the Chinese and others who are rushing to capture the lead on building the new technologies, and we can't even get a vote on an energy bill in the Senate.

And now the US debate is focusing increasingly on how we balance our accounts rather than how we build an economy that will put people to work and rebuild a vibrant middle class (and along the way bring our books into better balance).

House Democrats, led by Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Majority leader Steny Hoyer, now plan to lay out a new manufacturing strategy for America, a package of bills to support Making It in America once more. While the package is still being put together, it is likely to include a mandate to create a national manufacturing strategy and to review progress on it regularly. Tax credits and subsidies will be offered to jump-start new energy. Hopefully, US procurement laws will be revised to favor purchase of renewable energy made in America. A large national infrastructure bank that could help mobilize private capital for rebuilding America's decrepit infrastructure is vital (but has just been put aside in Congress). Comprehensive review of US trade laws, as well as a clear challenge to Chinese currency manipulation is essential. Given how empty the current debate is, the package will draw a sharp contrast, even if it isn't of scale.

It strikes me that the Democrats might be well advised to start with first principles. In 1946, faced with the daunting transition to a civilian economy after World War II with fear of a return to the Great Depression widespread, the Congress passed the Employment Act of 1946. The act mandated the federal government to use its powers to "foster continuous, useful employment for those able, willing and seeking to work." The act was fiercely debated, and, in the end, weakened by amendments that changed the name from the Full Employment Act to the Employment Act, dropped the guarantee of the right to a job to every American, and added price stability as an equally important goal.

That debate was revisited in the 1978 Humphrey Hawkins Full Employment Act, which initially sought to revive the mandate to full employment, and the right to a job. In the end, it too was diluted, offering five ultimate goals: full employment, growth in production, price stability, balance of trade and balanced budgets. It was this act that gave the Federal Reserve the dual mandate of pursing both full employment and price stability. Needless to say, over the last decade, the goals were distorted in practice, with price stability becoming primary, while trade deficits soared, manufacturing was shipped overseas, and budget deficits rose -- before the collapse.

It is time to reassert that full employment is the primary measure of our economy: "Continuous and useful employment for those willing and seeking to work." Mass unemployment is an unacceptable failure. We will not learn to live with it. We will keep pushing until we eliminate it. Government will strive to create the conditions for the private market to create the jobs we need. But it will act as an employer of last resort for those unable to find work over a long period of time.

It is easy to scorn such admonitions. Congress excels at setting high sounding goals that it is certain to ignore. But we've got an economy where corporate profits are up, bank profits are up, inequality is rising -- and there are no jobs. This cannot become the new normal. However naïve it may sound, it would be good for the congress and the president to have the debate. Commit clearly that full employment is the measure by which their actions should be judged. Or alternatively, admit that full employment is no longer plausible, so we will build a strong social contract -- of training, guaranteed income, health care -- for those discarded from the workforce. Let's have the debate -- for the one choice that is socially ruinous is the one we seem to be drifting towards -- mass unemployment without a safety net.


 

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11:45 PM on 09/01/2010
Commentators opining on a decrepit economic system are now a dime a dozen. Here is the fact: Jobs, and the middle class, can never come back under this economy. "Full employment" will only be possible when new standards for Labor, and consequently for the economic wealth transfer mechanism of Money, are totally reformed. Like a dog worrying a rag, these commentators cannot even see their teeth are into the rag, which accomplishes exactly nothing. Start with a simple concept: No CEO shall be paid more than 100 times the lowest paid employee in their corporation.
If that simple standard cannot be made law, there is zero chance of "full employment." Mass unemployment is intended to grow by virtue of the current miasma of stimulative programs, tax measures, public support of corporate welfare (and all those executive pay and bonus arrangements), and lobbying. Get real. Many employees at even HuffPost will one day be on Skid Row. The only chance is to reform Labor Standards and Money.
10:25 PM on 08/14/2010
What none want to admit, is that for the Market, Benanke did his job. And that the disconnect between what media presents as facts and what the public, following the lead of media are inclined to believe as economic facts are part and parcel of what can be termed GENDERED DISCOURSE. I wager that few educated Americans, USE their college educations to Deconstruct such 'literary' proclivities and those that do, are often DECADENT for the aforementioned reasons and were too busy thinking themselves PATRIOTIC in the years following 911 to consider that religion and liberalism were not the same thing as Green Politics lest they be called Anarchists while Republicans went on with the War on Terror. That bill, ought to be a matter of derivatives and thin air but a recent HP article on the subject chose instead to pin the blame on Clinton's former Treasury secretary and one of his buddies with a Islamic sounding name at CNN for the same reasons mentioned above. Is this news to me when I have been unemployed since 2008? No. It reminds me that I am in the trenches and bitching to all and sundry to stop insulting my intelligence.
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Electrum 01
And the horse you rode in on.
11:55 AM on 07/31/2010
First time I've seen the verb breitbart. Excelllent!
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Acharn
03:47 AM on 08/04/2010
I've also seen it as a noun, but I think it works better as a verb. "Zuckerman breitbarted President Obama in his remarks today." Yeah. Why don't these billionaires just go play with their money and leave the rest of us to seek our own salvation?
07:58 PM on 07/30/2010
This is certainly going to be met with fierce opposition from all sides, but here goes. Congress should enact laws that dictate a workplace to have only full-time workers. It should include in this law that all workplaces have to provide health insurance for its workers. Children would be allowed to work lesser jobs, such as mowing grass, babysitting, shovelling snow, delivering local newspapers, etc, but limitted as to how many hours a day/week they could work (nothing that would interfere with studies) Farm laborers housekeepers, and gardeners would be included in this mandate for full -time employment and benefits. Coupled with the aformentioned would be a comprehensive minimum gauranteed wage.

This new work standard would increase the standard of living for those that need it most. It would eliminate the poor conditions of migrant workers, because they would be able to purchase homes and live perminantly in the communities they work in. Their children would attend school (receiving much needed education) rather than working the fields with their parents. This in turn would cause the farmer to hire more workers to get the harvests in, thereby drastically cutting back on unemployment. There would be no more problem with illegal aliens coming to work the mundane jobs, because the only jobs available would be full-time and there would be a requirement for legal status. There would also be a very stiff penalty for employers to comply with the new laws; such as a loss of their business.
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Acharn
03:51 AM on 08/04/2010
No, we don't want to impose new detailed rules like that. That would rule out any kind of innovation which might end up being far better than anything we can think of now. Let;s just go back to the 1946 Full Employment Act and make the government the employer of last resort, hiring people at minimum wage. Nobody can live on minimum wage, but it would tide people over, the way Unemployment Insurance is supposed to but for a longer period.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
yougg
just a citizen
03:54 PM on 07/30/2010
Decline of the middle class has going on for quite some time. In the early 1980's the industry that I worked in (printing) took a huge hit. That is when the Manufacturing Clause of the American Copywrite Protection Act was allowed to expire.That meant that the requirement for American authors have their material printed and produced in the US was gone. Hong Kong and Mexico were at the waiting. I'm not a protectionist. It would be interesting to see exactly who profited from this. Have done a little research on this but haven't found out much. My guess that this is probably a similar senario for the manufacturing industries that have left the US. Bottom line-the government needs to encourage and reward companies willing to locate in the US-and take away incentives and raise taxes and tariffs for those who outsource or move overseas. Level the playing field.
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Ahmed Moussaoui
01:49 PM on 07/30/2010
ok merci
10:59 AM on 07/30/2010
Seriously???? All this misery has happened since Obama was elected? This decline in jobs, middle class, you name it, has been happening for 30+ years!
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Acharn
03:53 AM on 08/04/2010
Errr... Who are you talking to?
10:44 AM on 07/30/2010
It doesn't matter anymore, politicians are only interested in their own deep pockets, how many have not pd their taxes & get away w/excuse, after excuse, take a good look at C Rangel, morality issues of many politicians, it seems they feel their untouchable & they can get away with anything. Well you know what, people do seem to be brainless & keep voting in the same hypocrites who say anything to get re-elected, especially smozzeing over senior citizens, do they not think for themselves anymore?? what needs to happen is to get rid of the career politicians, we need term limits & those in now need to go period. This corruption in Washington needs to stop & I do have hope that citizens will finally wake up & put their foot down, after all there is only 435 of them & millions of us, before any change w/ever take place, we, the people have to demand it period!!!!
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Candide33
I heart Bernie Sanders
10:04 AM on 07/30/2010
One question...... when enough Americans are out of work and can no longer afford to buy the cheap clothes and plastic nick-knacks that all those third world sweatshops crank out, who are they going to sell that garbage to?
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Hemihead
09:01 AM on 07/30/2010
In Socialist economies unemployment normally ranges in the 10% area. Here in the US, when we actually practice free market capitalism, normal unemployment ranges around 4%.

Now, if we look at the wealth re-distributional policies of the Obama administration, such as the health care bill, we are taxing people who already have health care, to provide for those that don't. In other words, we are punishing ability (the ability to produce wealth) and rewarding need (those that can't or don't productively use their labor.)

Since it is human nature that more people would rather be rewarded than punished, under both Socialism and Obamonomics, we get more need and less ability. Less ability means less wealth and higher unemployment. This eventually collapses the system, as a shrinking population of wealth has to support a growing population of need.
09:19 AM on 07/30/2010
HMMMM... Why is socialism only good when applied to the rich? Where has the largest redistribution of wealth gone? You are buying in to the scheme ...please I urge you to read "Shock Doctrine" this explains the "evils" of socialism.
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Hemihead
09:29 AM on 07/30/2010
I suggest you read the 'Road to Serfdom.'

I was born into a lower middle class family who never owned their own home. My wife and I never made a combined income of over 100K total, and when we first got married, much less than that.

At the age of 64 I have a decent home that's paid for, 2 decent SUV's that are paid for, a power boat that's paid for, and 7 figures save up for retirement.

I was able to attain that success because people, yes people that made much more than I did, paid me for my mind and my labor.

I want it back the way it was before Obama took office, and I want my kids to have the same opportunity I had.
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MrBadExample
Friends call me ‘exampleicious’
07:44 AM on 07/30/2010
A 'full employment' act is meaningless as long as we're shipping decent jobs off-shore. There was fairly low unemployment under Bush, but the vast majority of the jobs created were in services like bartending and waitering and Wal-Mart greeting. We've off-shored whole industries in the past 20 years--everything from garments to shoes to electronics--and the savings didn't go to lower prices. The savings went to fatter dividend checks for the top 2% of Americans who own the vast majority of stocks.

Congress could turn this all around by making it more difficult to off-shore jobs. The Germans manage to keep jobs in Germany and manage a huge export economy without offshoring or lowering living standards in their own country. What are they doing right?
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Susan Cain
08:42 AM on 07/30/2010
You are correct but the intent is to create as much wealth for the top tier elite at the expense of you and me. Their contempt for the little guy is pathological.
07:36 AM on 07/30/2010
how about a WOT? not terror, trash...I remember seeing a 60 minutes doc on the city of San Fran & how they process, and actually turn their trash into $ for the city. This is a problem Nationwide that gets virtually no attention but is nonetheless a ticking time bomb. Why not a federally mandated program that would put scientists, engineers, and regular workers back to work, would address a nasty, neglected problem, and help pay for itself?? While we're at it, an Army of inspectors, engineers, and scientists to oversee the largely unregulated oil, and energy sectors, paid for by a new stout "safety tax" levied on those Companies. But I suppose I mistakenly thought BO was a Progressive in the truest sense of the word when I voted for him.
03:44 AM on 07/30/2010
Borosage is right that there are no jobs unless you count the imaginary jobs Joe Biden keeps talking about. As the economy deteriorates and the deficit grows the job situation can only go from bad to worse.
07:47 AM on 07/30/2010
Bobdin, Joe Biden said some of these jobs will never come back! What are you referring to?
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corte33
01:24 AM on 07/30/2010
Lots of good points. However there are people who goofed off through school and can hardly read. What do we do with the masses who are illiterate? There are many jobs for skilled people, in medicine, engineering etc.
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MrBadExample
Friends call me ‘exampleicious’
07:37 AM on 07/30/2010
There aren't any jobs in engineering. We've off-shored most of our engineers and architects--most major architectural houses farm out their technical drawing to India. There are medical jobs, but they require large amounts of training and preparation--and people who graduate with the specialties find themselves competing with foreign-trained jobseekers who aren't carrying the student debt most Americans find themselves with.

I'd agree that we don't have decent education for our primary grades, but the other side of the problem is that we don't have jobs at the end of the educational process.
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theprogressiveanalyst
Ignorance is a dangerous thing
01:02 AM on 07/30/2010
Excellent article. Some people seem to forget that only a little over 10 years ago we had full employment. For the last 5 years I"ve been telling anyone who would listen that we have serious structural problems with out economy. That is because we have shifted to an economy based on finance instead of manufacturing. We need to revise our so-called free trade policies and institute fair trade, using selective tariffs. Obama is right to use government investment for shifting our energy production and this needs to be continued and combined with further incentives. In the short term we need to have direct government hiring and much more spending on infrastructure to revive the construction sector. Unfortunately, with this Congress it will be difficult to get anything like that passed. So, it's likely there will be continued stagnation unless and until the Democrats can control the House and change the rules on the filibuster in the Senate while holding the Senate.