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Sharon L. Baker, Ph.D.

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The Problem with Hell

Posted: 08/27/10 09:59 PM ET

When I was 26, I found out I was going to hell. Young, impressionable, and without a strong faith, I listened intently as the pastor of a church I was visiting described in graphic detail the tortuous, unquenchable flames that would burn human bodies forever and ever. He spoke of worms eating away at decaying flesh, total darkness without the presence of God, and worst of all, no release from those horrors for all eternity. I certainly didn't want to be one of those unfortunate many to feel the flames licking at my feet soon after leaving life in this world. So I took out the proper fire insurance and asked Jesus to save me from my sins and, therefore, from eternal torment in hell. Whew! That was 25 years ago, and hell is still a hot topic.

Hell haunts me deep down inside, where I fear to tread and fail to admit uncertainty lest ripples of doubt disturb my secure little world of faith, lest someone find out and think me less Christian and more heretic. I have no intention of doing away with hell. I can't -- certain verses in the Bible won't allow me to do that. So I am very concerned about remaining faithful to the Christian scriptures; but I'm even more concerned about remaining faithful to the God of love, who loves the worst of the worst, the world's enemies, including, even, the Hitlers, the Idi Amins, and the Osama bin Ladens of the world. Our traditional views of hell as a place of eternal punishment where unbelievers dwell in undying flames contradict the image of God as merciful, forgiving, and compassionate. Our traditional focus on hell as an evangelistic tool does not genuinely communicate the very heart of the gospel. If we receive Jesus as Savior merely because we want to avoid hell, we miss the entire point.

I am also very disturbed by the behavior of those who claim kinship with God through Jesus, who for centuries have instigated and participated in horrendous violence in the name of God. To stem the tide of religious violence in the world, we must offer an alternative image of God that more closely resembles the teachings and life of Jesus of Nazareth. If we do not hear the call of the kingdom, if we forget the meaning of Jesus' life and death, then we will continue to live as if Jesus never died. We will continue to solve the problem of violence violently, including our buying into the violence of hell.

So I've written a book that rethinks the issues surrounding traditional notions of hell as a place of eternal punishment in favor of a view more consistent with that of a loving God. What follows are my reasons for wanting to raze hell:

  1. Hell doesn't avenge evil or reveal God's power. It does the exact opposite! By holding on to the doctrine of eternal hell, we in essence hold to the belief that in the end God's will to save all people goes unfulfilled, which puts God's power and goodness in doubt.
  2. Hell heralds eternal hopelessness. Suffering in hell for all eternity means that souls burning there forever will exist without any hope of redemption. This leads us to the belief that God withdraws unconditional love once a person's body dies. In other words, God's love for us is tied to the physical body and the temporal realm, and grace disappears for unbelievers after the physical life is gone.
  3. Hell keeps evil in eternal existence. The Bible tells us that, in the end, God will abolish evil. Yet, somewhere in the universal expanse of God's perfect peaceful kingdom, evil still survives in those who inhabit hell -- evil "lives" on eternally.
  4. Hell creates a clash between justice and love. We unintentionally conjure up a cruel father who demands that unrepentant sinners spend eternity in the flames of hell, finding endless torture an agreeable way to achieve justice -- which is a far cry from the God who loves with an everlasting love. We develop a picture of a God who promotes eternal punishment as positive, as part and parcel of divine love and justice. We try to relieve these tensions by appealing to God's love and mercy on the one hand, and to God's justice and wrath on the other. Such a view of God's love, mercy, justice, and wrath leads to the conclusion that to love is to punish eternally and, therefore, to punish eternally is just.
  5. Hell assigns eternal violence to God: Traditional theories of hell not only keep evil in eternal existence; they also keep the cycle of violence in motion for all eternity as unfortunate souls suffer the ferocity of eternal torture because God requires it.
  6. Hell executes eternal punishment for temporal sin: Does sin committed during one short, temporary life span deserve an eternity of punishment? Even in our own society, we strive to make the punishment fit the crime.

I wonder how many other pastors pounding pulpits across the world have their parishioners running scared out of their wits and into the kingdom of God, taking out fire insurance as a precaution against the threat of hell. "Who cares?" you might say. "As long as they purchase their policy in time, who cares why they buy?" God might. God may desire to save us from the flames in order to spend eternity in loving communion, not by scaring us to death but by luring us with divine compassion, urging us gently with a caring hand, forgiving, reconciling, and calling us to do the same.

 
 
 
When I was 26, I found out I was going to hell. Young, impressionable, and without a strong faith, I listened intently as the pastor of a church I was visiting described in graphic detail the tortuous...
When I was 26, I found out I was going to hell. Young, impressionable, and without a strong faith, I listened intently as the pastor of a church I was visiting described in graphic detail the tortuous...
 
 
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LorenzoMN
10:49 PM on 09/21/2010
My heart goes out to the author who clearly has been haunted all her life by a boogieman...when I think of God, and my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, all I can feel is joy, happiness and gratitude for my many (undeserved) blessings. How can there be fear of Hell when embraced by the warmth and love of our Father in Heaven? It is beyond me.
nothing2fear
They only call it Class War when we fight back.
11:17 AM on 09/09/2010
We as individuals or as a group have no idea as to what is on the other side. What changes in perception, understanding, knowledge or even what form we may take after death. I believe in the spirituality within each of us, and applaud the creative thought that so many through the centuries have invested. But until "death do us part" it is merely speculation or hope or faith and I firmly believe that a life well lived is what will tell in the end.
07:28 AM on 09/16/2010
I, for one, do *not agree that we "have no idea as to what is on the other side".
We have been given *plenty of ideas as the the existence in the presence of the glory of God (Jude 1:24, Matthew 25:34, 1Thessalonians 4:13-18, 1stCorinthians 2:9.
We have been told of the grim fate that awaits those who refuse His salvation in Messiah Yeshua (John 3:36, Matthew 25:46, Revelation chp. 20)

And relative to your last sentence, yes, this *is an act of faith to believe in God's word, the Bible for these truths, and again, yes, we will *all know these truths... when, "death do us part" occurs.
But I would caution against approaching the Throne of God (ie. Judgment Seat of Christ) based on our own works... however well intentioned.

It is by grace that we are saved, through faith... and not that of ourselves, it is the gift of God- not of works, lest any man should boast. (...an Ephesians 2:8 reference ). Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah, is the Way of salvation.

--ms
nothing2fear
They only call it Class War when we fight back.
12:39 AM on 09/17/2010
Good luck and God Bless.
12:27 PM on 09/08/2010
The Biblical account of the Ark of Noah holds many parallels to the discussion being held, here. If one does the math associated with Genesis chapter 5, they will soon see that it was the year 1556 AA (after Adam or after Creation) that Noah was first warned of the coming judgment. Specific dating information contained in the account of the flood shows it to have begun 100 years after this initial commission to build the Ark.

Think for a moment of the dedication, faith and obedience of a family of believers who dedicated themselves to the work of God their Creator over a 100 year period while they were mocked by locals. There is one more piece of information available to us from the New Testament, 2nd Peter 2:5 which declares Noah to be "a preacher of righteousness".

So then, what we have is a world of people, who received advance information about the sovereign judgment of an Almighty Creator God. A few received and acted on His word. Many others who also heard via a preacher of righteousness, either did nothing or engaged in mocking of that word.

Ultimately in 1656AA, exactly on the day God said that it would happen, the rains began and there were at that moment but two kinds of people on the earth, those inside of the Ark and those outside.

Jesus of Nazareth directly compared the end judgment of the world with this event Mt24:37-39.
--ms
01:12 AM on 09/22/2010
"So then, what we have is a world of people, who received advance information about the sovereign judgment of an Almighty Creator God. A few received and acted on His word. Many others who also heard via a preacher of righteousness, either did nothing or engaged in mocking of that word".

Exactly. The same story repeated many times throughout time. Different "preachers of righteousness" and different mockers.
07:03 PM on 09/07/2010
Professor Baker appears to focus intensely on just half of the Gospel (God's love and mercy) while diminishing the other half (the holiness of God and His judgment). Her views of hell and God's judgment smack more of feel-good-humanism than the truth of the whole Gospel. There's a good reason why Jesus spoke more of hell than heaven in the NT...He wants us to avoid judgment. In fact, hell is addressed directly or indirectly in approximately 13% of His statements in the NT.

Baker states, "This [the hopelessness of eternal hell] leads us to the belief that God withdraws unconditional love once a person's body dies. In other words, God's love for us is tied to the physical body and the temporal realm, and grace disappears for unbelievers after the physical life is gone." This is incredibly far off the mark! Saving grace is a gift from God to believers (Ephesians 2: 8-9). Once saved, always saved. Judgment is the eternal fact of those that die without Christ. Understanding this truth is important to individuals' salvation.
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04:13 PM on 09/07/2010
Most of the Christians I know believe in hell and are pleased that I'll be getting my comeuppance when I get there. To tell them there is no hell would be to negate all their years of holding their buttholes extra tight and being good Christians.
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LorenzoMN
10:53 PM on 09/21/2010
Any true Christian would be concerned for your soul, not "pleased that you'll be getting your comeuppance." There is no joy in it for me when I see other humans denying Absolute Truth.
05:16 PM on 09/06/2010
Heaven and hell are right here on earth. The choices we make determine which one we will live in.
05:08 PM on 09/06/2010
Are we picking and choosing the parts of Christianity that we like and don't like? Is this Christianity ala carte?
The notions of heaven and hell are the oldest versions of positive and negative reinforcement. Be good, and do what we tell you, and you go to heaven. Be bad, and rebel against what we tell you, and you face eternal damnation. The most effective method of control on the planet.
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Andres64
Religion is a sectually transmitted disease.
08:38 PM on 09/06/2010
All "Christians" are ala-carte "Christians" They're all hypocrites. The simply ignore what they don't like or is inconvenient. They want to force their silly myths on everybody, but don't even have enough conviction to follow the "Word of God" themselves.
09:05 PM on 09/06/2010
Just all "Christians" are hypocrites? Try all humans.
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LorenzoMN
10:58 PM on 09/21/2010
"The Christian ideal has not been tried and found wanting; it has been found difficult and left untried." G.K. Chesterton Andres64, your over-generalization betrays the simpleness of your thinking. I am a happy Christian who wishes nothing but compassion for you.
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LorenzoMN
10:55 PM on 09/21/2010
It is hardly a case of control. It is rather the gift of free will. Each one of us has the opportunity to believe scriptures or not. Your interpretation seems way too simplistic.
01:14 AM on 09/22/2010
I agree. But there is also accountability after that free will is exercised.
09:35 AM on 09/06/2010
Old Testament Book of Tobit Chapter 4

6] And all the days of thy life have God in thy mind: and take heed thou never consent to sin, nor transgress the commandments of the Lord our God. [7] Give alms out of thy substance, and turn not away thy face from any poor person: for so it shall come to pass that the face of the Lord shall not be turned from thee. [8] According to thy ability be merciful. [9] If thou have much give abundantly: if thou have a little, take care even so to bestow willingly a little. [10] For thus thou storest up to thyself a good reward for the day of necessity.

[11] For alms deliver from all sin, and from death, and will not suffer the soul to go into darkness. [12] Alms shall be a great confidence before the most high God, to all them that give it. [13] Take heed to keep thyself, my son, from all fornication, and beside thy wife never endure to know a crime. [14] Never suffer pride to reign in thy mind, or in thy words: for from it all perdition took its beginning. [15] If any man hath done any work for thee, immediately pay him his hire, and let not the wages of thy hired servant stay with thee at all.
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StephenJK
All your consciousness are belong to us
07:35 AM on 09/06/2010
There is no use for hell. There is no use for heaven. Plain and simple. However, I imagine that humanity has a use for them. It's all about control. Paradoxically, humanity is out of control.
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LorenzoMN
11:00 PM on 09/21/2010
Humanity is out of control precisely because of their denial of Absolute Truth.
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njgal4obama
All others will be towed.
09:15 PM on 09/05/2010
I don't believe in heaven and I don't believe in hell.

Living a good life and knowing that you left the world a better place than you found it is its own reward.

Living a selfish and dishonest life, and recognizing that you've diminished the world, and therefore yourself is its own punishment.
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LorenzoMN
11:01 PM on 09/21/2010
And just where did you get your ideas of what a good life is? All morality is scripture-based, like it or not.
09:21 AM on 09/05/2010
"(In Hell) . . . burn human bodies forever and ever."

Silly girl, everyone who passed freshman Chemistry and Physics knows that Heaven is hotter than Hell:

The temperature of Heaven can be computed. Isaiah 30:26 says: "Moreover, the light of the Moon shall be as the light of the Sun and the light of the Sun shall be sevenfold, as the light of seven days." Thus Heaven receives from the Moon as much radiation as we do from the Sun, and in addition 7 x 7 (49) times as much as the Earth does from the Sun, or 50 times in all.

The radiation falling on Heaven will heat it until the heat lost by radiation is just equal to the heat received by radiation, i.e., Heaven loses 50 times as much heat as the Earth by radiation. Using the Stefan-Boltzmann law for radiation, (H/E)^4 = 50, where E is the absolute temperature of the earth (-300ÂșK), gives H as 798ÂșK (525ÂșC).

Now, Revelation 21:8 says "But the fearful, and unbelieving ... shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone." A lake of molten brimstone [sulphur] means that its temperature must be at or below its boiling point, 444.6ÂșC.

So, Heaven, at 525ÂșC is hotter than Hell at 445ÂșC.
09:59 AM on 09/05/2010
By the way, I first saw this funny analysis over 40 years ago in a book called "A Random Walk in Science," which credited it to an earlier journal article, so it may be even older than I am. I had to shorten it quite a bit to clear the 250 word limit. You can find it posted online in full at numerous sites.
05:10 PM on 09/06/2010
There is no physical place called heaven.
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LorenzoMN
11:02 PM on 09/21/2010
Exactly right, Killgore. How could a physical place be home to spiritual beings?
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littlenibbles
Mechanical Engineer, Doctoral Candidate!!
12:35 AM on 09/04/2010
Well I dont see how, you can ask a person to worship you or else hell, but you must do it with love.
If you want someone to love you just as you are, then maybe they dont need threats. Thats my problem with the bible. The whole idea of choice or no choice makes to accept jesus doesnt really make sense. Pick me or go to hell, but you must pick me from out of love??!!! wtf? some choice.
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Andres64
Religion is a sectually transmitted disease.
04:22 PM on 09/04/2010
A great video on this "Choice"

http://www.youtube.com/user/NonStampCollector#p/u/32/aUtSM2oVy_E
04:08 PM on 09/05/2010
That was a kind of funny video except for being extremely long and very bluntly making the same point over and over again ad nauseam. However, I agree with the central message.
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LorenzoMN
11:04 PM on 09/21/2010
It is not a case of "pick me or go to hell." It is very much a case of our Lord and Savior wanting so badly for you to make the right choice that He was willing to be crucified in order to save you.
01:27 AM on 09/22/2010
With all due respect - if you consider Jesus "God", how could you expect him to save you or anyone else if he couldn't even, as you believe, save himself?
11:55 PM on 09/03/2010
"The Primary Vote"

A Question: Is the Biblical Account of the Rich Man and Lazarus from Luke 16:19-end a factual event or a parable?

Electorate:
1. mstevens73 ............... factual event
2. Dr. Oliver B. Greene ... factual event
3. ..................................
4. ..................................

Luke 16:19-31 KJV
(19) There was a certain rich man, which was clothed in purple and fine linen, and fared sumptuously every day:
(20) And there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, which was laid at his gate, full of sores,
(21) And desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man's table: moreover the dogs came and licked his sores.

...continues through the end of the chapter. --ms
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GlassMask
Comedian/Curmudgeon
03:38 PM on 09/03/2010
There's an easy way to make the threat of hell go away in the blink of an eye... but it'll cost you your heaven too. It takes a tough person to be willing to give that up, I know, but it feels really awesome once you do. ^_^
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bordergirl6
05:59 PM on 09/04/2010
I did my own research on God and religion and to me, it seems there is no God, he/it did not create the world, or people. Maybe I pay too much attention to Dawkins, but I finally gave up thinking God was real. My eyes are open now, and I feel an inner sense of freedom. But now I get frustrated by the people that go around calling themselves Christians when they don't act like it, or religious wars, people doing horrific acts in the name of God, etc. I like to meditate, but it has nothing to do with worshiping Buddha, I meditate to cleanse myself. I do bad things sometimes, and I get sick of myself, and meditating is my outlet for getting all of that out. I have very strong morals, and am blunt about them, often hurting people because they chose not to follow God's word, but claim to go to church and yadda yadda yadda. I think deep down, when I did believe in God, I still kinda knew that there was a possibility that there is/was no God. It's still nice to just live life without worrying if you are sinning too much.
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emmanuel goldstein
Have you had your two minutes today?
11:51 PM on 09/05/2010
"worshiping Buddha?" is not what meditation is used for by anyone, not even Buddhists. Meditation works, so do many forms of Yoga.
08:25 PM on 09/07/2010
As an ex-smoker and an ex-christian...I noticed the same thing about both....While a christian I was very forgiving of the words and deeds of my brothers and sister when they were hypocritical much in the same way another smokers 2nd hand smoke was nothing. Now I am very frustrated breathing someone else's fowl air much like I am accutely aware of the double standard the believers spout. I prefer to avoid both the smoker and the faithful.
05:12 PM on 09/06/2010
You can't give up something that doesn't exist.
nothing2fear
They only call it Class War when we fight back.
12:50 AM on 09/22/2010
That sounds like truth, “You can't give up something that doesn't exist.”

Do you believe in spacemen? Come on admit it you think there could be aliens out there don’t ya? The odds would certainly be on your side, I don’t think many other ideas have as many chances of actually being possible.

Have you ever seen one?

Just a thought
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Saidas
02:06 PM on 09/03/2010
The modern conception of Hell is based on Dante's Divine Comedy depiction in the 14th century and was perpetuated by the Roman Catholic Church. Prior to this, Hell was not talked about much and never depicted like this. As msstevens73 correctly pointed out, some of the words we now take literally are weak translations at best from the original words in Greek, Latin, and Hebrew.

In Hinduism and Buddhism there are "hell realms" and "heaven realms" or states of consciousness that a soul dwells in for an indefinite period of time then reincarnates. These realms are not punishments or rewards for anything, they are realms of experiences appropriate for thoughts and actions on Earth. Buddha said something very appropriate about this, "We are not punished for our sins, but by our sins." Our thoughts and actions have their own results. Nothing religious about that.
nothing2fear
They only call it Class War when we fight back.
12:01 PM on 09/09/2010
It is interesting, Karma is the law in Buddhism, Karma is cause and effect. "We are not punished for our sins, but by our sins", is an excellent way to put this. In this world we share the Karma of others. Our families as well as our neighbors, nation and the world. This might make some think on the things we see going on around us today.