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Steve Volk

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New Allies In The Theist/Atheist Debate

Posted: 08/25/2011 3:17 pm

A small good thing has happened in the battle between rationalists and believers. And with luck it will grow into something truly grand. The new atheist neuroscientist and author, Sam Harris, one of the few real bright spots on the bleak horizon of America's culture wars, has reached out to fellow neuroscientist and author David Eagleman, one of this country's fastest rising and most promising young public Intellectuals.

Harris is looking for a dialogue with Eagleman in part to set him straight -- or at least Harris's version of straight. Harris writes:

"On the subject of religion, Eagleman appears to make a conscious effort to play the good cop to the bad cop of 'the new atheism.' This posture will win him many friends, but it is intellectually dishonest. When one reads between the lines--or even when one just reads the lines--it becomes clear that what Eagleman is saying is every bit as deflationary as anything Dawkins, Dennett, Hitchens or I say about the cherished doctrines of the faithful."

And this, of course, is the moment when I feel the need to intrude and set a context for this meeting of the minds.

Those who are familiar with my book, Fringe-ology: How I Tried to Explain Away the Unexplainable--And Couldn't, know that I quote both Eagleman and Harris at length and admiringly. A brief summation of their positions runs as follows:

Eagleman advocates a new philosophy, which he dubs "possibilianism." After he went public with his idea, on NPR, thousands began calling themselves "possibilians." By definition, a possibilian enjoys considering all the different explanations of what the world holds or what the ultimate reality might be -- all the possibilities -- without committing to what Eagleman calls "any particular story." In this view, both the Bible and string theory would qualify as stories. The possibilian's stance would be to consider each of these ideas in light of scientific evidence. But, not being passionately, stridently, dogmatically committed to any particular position, including atheism, a possibilian like Eagleman would feel no need to smack believers around, rhetorically or otherwise.

Harris, on the other hand, is all for non-belief in God. So to him Eagleman probably looks like an accommodationist, seeking compromise where no such half-stepping should be countenanced. I find Harris a curious figure. He is, at a glance, one of the most polarizing thinkers in America today. He is willing to go to extremes to stop extremists: "There is, in fact, no talking to some people" he writes, arguing that it might sometimes be ethical to kill people for holding particularly "dangerous" beliefs. He even attacks moderate religious belief because it "provides cover" for the dangerous radicals. (How the scientifically minded Harris has ever quantified how moderate religion provides this cover has gone noticeably unsaid.) But I also see in Harris profound reason for hope. Nothing if not brave, Harris continually puts his considerable reputation on the line to speak up for practices long associated with mysticism, from meditation and contemplative prayer to the use of certain drugs. He speaks up for a broadly defined sort of "spirituality," in which the existence of a soul is not scientifically supportable (at the moment) but the concept of the individual spirit is already meaningful in every other important way.

In sum, the spark of the possibilian is there in Harris for all to see. And it's here where I see the possibility -- pun intended -- of a truly fruitful collaboration.

Harris has written that the universe may be "far stranger than many of us suppose" -- one of the lines I quote in Fringe-ology -- and in a recent essay titled "Drugs and the Meaning of Life" he writes the following incredible passage in his "notes" section:

"Many users of DMT [Dimethyltryptamine] report being thrust under its influence into an adjacent reality where they are met by alien beings who appear intent upon sharing information and demonstrating the use of inscrutable technologies. The convergence of hundreds of such reports, many from first-time users of the drug who have not been told what to expect, is certainly interesting. It is also worth noting these accounts are almost entirely free of religious imagery. One appears far more likely to meet extraterrestrials or elves on DMT than traditional saints or angels. As I have not tried DMT, and have not had an experience of the sort that its users describe, I don't know what to make of any of this."

That Harris remains willing to consider, however fleetingly, the possibility of elves is a note, I think, that runs surprisingly in his favor. And I hope when he meets with Eagleman -- be it in person, by email, skype or the archaic technology of telephony -- that he is open to more fully embracing this part of his nature. (I also hope he engages this part of his nature the next time he meets with a believer.) Because if we're going to get beyond the typical exchanges between new atheists and the religious, I'd argue that it's through figures like Eagleman and Harris that we will find the most productive path: men who are eager to use science while demonstrating a capacity to consider ideas from other areas of human experience and systems of thought.

In that same spirit, I will, in a later post, suggest a third man who should be present when Harris and Eagleman meet.

 
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A small good thing has happened in the battle between rationalists and believers. And with luck it will grow into something truly grand. The new atheist neuroscientist and author, Sam Harris, one of t...
A small good thing has happened in the battle between rationalists and believers. And with luck it will grow into something truly grand. The new atheist neuroscientist and author, Sam Harris, one of t...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dschiff
Always learning
10:21 AM on 09/13/2011
For Sam's take on Eagleman:

http://www.samharris.org/blog/item/whither-eagleman/

Calls possibilianism psuedo-intellectual, a performance art, and suggests that Eagleman is actually an atheist.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
01:02 PM on 09/02/2011
Comments about Nietzsche's assertion that a very ironic sort of alliance does in fact exust: http://thewrongmonkey.blogspot.com/2011/09/credit-where-credit-is-due.html
08:11 PM on 09/01/2011
I'm gonna force people to not believe in God whether they want to or not! People aren't allowed to disagree with me
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
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12:47 PM on 08/31/2011
Wow, what a debate

Side one - God's existence cannot be proved so y'all MUST believe in God.

Side two - God's existence cannot be proven, I choose not to believe in God, go away and leave me alone.
07:55 AM on 08/31/2011
There is something 'grand' to have come out of the theist/atheist debate, but it hasn't come from either side! And the polarity of the debate has kept most discussion of this development off to the margins, but sooner or later, feathers will fly. It would appear that all sides of the God controversy and history itself have it wrong!

The first wholly new interpretation of the moral teachings of Christ for two thousand years is on the web. Radically different from anything else we know of from history, this new 'claim' is predicated upon a precise and predefined experience, a direct individual intervention into the natural world by omnipotent power to confirm divine will, command and covenant, "correcting human nature by a change in natural law, altering biology, consciousness and human ethical perception beyond all natural evolutionary boundaries." Like it of no, a new religious claim testable by faith, meeting all Enlightenment criteria now exists. Nothing short of a religious revolution appears to be getting under way. More info at http://soulgineering.com/2011/05/22/the-final-freedoms/
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
11:04 AM on 09/02/2011
Really? Cheesy snake-oil-salesmen preachers can link here, guys whose shameless hucksterism would make Benny Hinn wince, but not me?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
archspoiler
my micro-bio is empty
07:32 AM on 09/27/2011
"......meeting all enlightenment criteria...."

What horse patootey! This is representative of the type of "critical reasoning" that considers Weekly World News headlines worthy of consideration by "possibilians."

Pull yourself out of the mist of cognitive dissonance.
02:08 AM on 08/31/2011
For FlyonFriday,

I loved your reply! This is a tangent here that I am going on...in a college calculus class the professor assigned a difficult problem. It took me six pages of notebook paper front and back to show the solution. The professor handed back the papers. Mine was graded A+, A+. Then in the margin the professor wrote "brilliant".

All my peers saw my grade. When I walked out of the classroom I felt ten feet tall and bullet proof. Some of my buddies came up and were bragging on me. Then, reality set in. I told them that I had done nothing special. I solved a problem that was solved by a brilliant math student who did so several hundred years ago without the aid of my calculator. Not only did he solve the problem he invented it. How's that for reality! All I really had to do was plug in the numbers.

Here's a question for you. What's beyond the mathematics we currently know today? Have we reached a stalemate and is it stagnant? Is it biometrics, and isn't that just the new fancy name they put on it now?

I know it's not real math...but, being able to read and write Greek and Hebrew I have a lot of fun with Gematria. And, yes it is just for fun - so, we don't get into a discussion on its validity.

Your Friend,
nephew
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brooklyncitizen
Soror quaerens lucem
10:15 PM on 08/30/2011
Atheists need a better spokesperson; Harris does this group no favors with his belligerence and hostility.
12:14 AM on 08/31/2011
the truth hurts
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brooklyncitizen
Soror quaerens lucem
09:53 AM on 08/31/2011
??????
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
David Weidner
Ask me about my narcissism!
12:20 AM on 08/31/2011
I didnt realize atheism had a spokesperson. I missed that memo. I guess Fred Phelps is your spokesperson then.
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brooklyncitizen
Soror quaerens lucem
09:52 AM on 08/31/2011
I don't know if you "need" one but clearly there is a movement afoot to give voice to atheists.For example, the billboards that were posted in NYC around Christmas last year.
Sorry, I don't know who Fred Phelps is.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
tshields424
The unexamined life is not worth living.
10:08 PM on 08/30/2011
Possibilianism? That's the best Eagleman could come up with?

Was "Loadofcrapism" already taken?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
David Weidner
Ask me about my narcissism!
02:48 PM on 08/30/2011
Do unicorns exist? I doubt it. Call me closed minded.
10:02 PM on 08/30/2011
I don't think you're closed minded. But it IS possible...
07:28 AM on 09/01/2011
Of course, if there is a multiverse, then there are definitely unicorns, dropbears and skunk apes. But they don't have to exist in our universe.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dejapooh
Big Business is a Special Interest
10:45 AM on 09/01/2011
Narwhals
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
David Weidner
Ask me about my narcissism!
12:19 PM on 09/01/2011
I guess midgets are leprechauns then.
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rationaljimmy
love-child of Tom Jefferson & Carl Sagan
01:11 PM on 08/30/2011
Ridiculous. All atheists, and all people, are possibilians. This is another attempt at suggesting atheism is the product of a closed mind. Look at the statistics: almost all atheists must have been raised in religious households, and must have spent the early years as believers. Read the many new atheists on this subject. Are all possibilities worth the effort? No. Atheism is not the denial of possibilities (no god and no meaning are perhaps the biggest, scariest possibilities imaginable). Atheism is the conclusion that as long as we're discarding possibilities (like turtles holding up the earth), we might as well include god.
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CountLeo
It's a rich language - learn to use it.
01:14 AM on 08/31/2011
Most atheists I know are devoutly non-possibilians and it's always bothered me. I've never understood how they can be so resolutely atheist when they cannot in fact know for sure. It seems to be cheating to rail against theists for believing in what can't be known and then doing the same thing. I would buy a bottle of the best Scotch I could afford if I could sit around and drink it with Hitchens while he straitened me out on this.

As agnostic as I am I like 'possibilianism.' It's a bit of a big brother of 'I can't know and I don't carism' which I'vde enjoyed for a long time.
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rationaljimmy
love-child of Tom Jefferson & Carl Sagan
09:24 AM on 08/31/2011
I think the 'devout non-possibilianism' among your friends is just an exaggerated response to the extraordinary possibilianism rampant in the world, and which controls the world, and which is responsible for centuries of suffering and ignorance, etc. etc. All atheists would admit, if pressed, that anything is technically possible, but that until there is evidence, it is non-rational to pursue it. If I told you that I believe there's gold under the rainbow and that I'm going to devote my life to finding it, I'd expect you to think I'm being non-rational. That's all that any atheist is saying. Do you believe the easter bunny hops around with eggs? If not, then you are a non-possibilian. Atheists are not saying they 'know for sure'. They're saying that god is just as non-rational as the rainbow gold. Agnosticism and atheism are not different answers to the same question. They're answers to two different questions: is it possible that god exists? versus: if I evaluate god the way I evaluate everything else (is the earth flat, should I take this medication, should I invest in this stock) is it likely that god exists? This is why it's not 'cheating'. We're just playing a different game, with different rules. Hitchens and I accept, and are passionate about, the game which has hard, firm rules of evidence. I think it's actually cheating when people apply different rules to god than to the rest of their rational lives.
10:13 AM on 09/01/2011
That's why I don't bother with attempting to "prove" the existence of God to anyone. I believe in God, live according to what I believe, and do not consider the topic open for debate. I mean why should I waste my time arguing with some egomaniac who looks down his or her nose at me for being a believer. They don't respect me and would never "get it" anyway.
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rationaljimmy
love-child of Tom Jefferson & Carl Sagan
12:56 PM on 09/01/2011
The noses down which you perceive you're being viewed might just be "arguing" because they've been engaged in a 'debate' by someone who has suggested there is scientific evidence for god. If that person goes on to suggest there's 'provable' evidence for god, then the nose-lookers will ask for the evidence and review it based on commonly accepted scientific methods. But, if the person says: I believe in god despite the lack of scientific evidence, then the person is announcing that he doesn't intend his views on god to be considered rational or provable. That's not likely to cause any arguments. The fact that you suggest an argument might ensue indicates that you may be thinking of your belief as more reason-based than it is, based on current evidence.
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helioszephyr
What do you mean by "micro"?!
01:37 AM on 09/03/2011
your own statement is your conundrum, and why you don't get it.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
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12:01 PM on 08/30/2011
Possibilianism = agnosticism

Nothing new here
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
koyak23
10:03 AM on 08/29/2011
I feel that Possibilianism has a ring of truthiness.
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flyonfriday
Ignorance and apathy will kill us
11:31 AM on 08/29/2011
It's possible.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Just walkin the dog here
So, just where is this micro-bio? This it?
06:47 PM on 08/29/2011
Perhaps, maybe it might have a shred of potential, but unlikely.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dejapooh
Big Business is a Special Interest
10:47 AM on 09/01/2011
I wonder is Wisk will take that out?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ashleypell
You don't need a PhD
09:46 AM on 08/29/2011
I find understand why some people believe in feel good myths that have absolutely no evidence to back them up. It gives you hope that you won’t end. It makes you feel superior to non-believers. It gives a church the authority to establish a moral code rather than the individual having to make one for them self.

But hey folks, delusion is delusion. God is myth. The popes, preachers, and deacons are ripping you off. From the snake handling preacher in Appalachia to the Pope in Rome they are using your money to maintain their fiefdoms. Refusing to take a stand whether you call it agnosticism, or possibilism is giving tacit approval to the idea that bombing abortion clinics, burning witches at the stake, or flying planes into buildings might be approved by some god somewhere.

It is time for the human race to grow up and stop giving religion the divisive power it now has to cause suffering in our world.
11:11 AM on 08/29/2011
Don't you find it a bit ironic that you're chastising the religious for acting superior, while at the same time calling their beliefs delusional and implying you are the enlightened one?
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helioszephyr
What do you mean by "micro"?!
01:40 AM on 09/03/2011
I don't see anything "superior" this poster uses to characterize religion. They seem to be facts.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
11:36 AM on 08/29/2011
Well... yeah.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DAE
01:48 AM on 08/29/2011
We have limited sensory apparatus and similarly constrained neural organization both adaptational products of our evolutionary past. Our perception of reality is thus severely delimited. Many species perceive aspects of reality beyond our ken. We can extend our senses with instrumentation but only to the extent that we can conceive what we seek to perceive. An argument can be made that much of reality, perhaps 99% or more of it, will forever remain beyond our comprehension. So rather than call myself an atheist or a believer I simply call myself an ignoramus.
03:35 AM on 08/29/2011
Now, now, now! What species perceive aspects of reality beyond our ken. Unless, you are in full communication with these species how, in the heck, do you know what they are capable of perceiving? That's anthropomorphic to say the least.

What is the argument that can be made that we only comprehend 99% of reality? An argument can be made that you only comprehend less than 1% of reality or even what you wrote. But, even the atheists, which I am in disagreement with concerning their opinions, have a pretty good handle on reality.
03:46 AM on 08/29/2011
Excuse me...I meant to write: what is the argument which can be made that we do NOT comprehend 99% of reality? I got so caught up in your species thing when my dog proof read it and told me my comprehension was off on what I typed and what I was thinking I had typed.

However, he's a good dog. My cat seemed totally disinterested. I guess she was pondering the string theory.
09:59 AM on 08/28/2011
Atheists or non-believers can be and are spiritual beings. Contemplative prayer or meditation - i.e not asking god to do something for you, but sitting and finding your own "inner peace" is useful for some people, and certainly far less damaging than thinking god is going to solve all your problems.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Vincent Truman
If you can read this, you're too close.
11:47 AM on 08/28/2011
I don't want to be disrespectful, but how is *thinking about something* equivalent to having a spirit?
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dubbleplusgood
turned off CNN, turned on CurrentTV
04:13 PM on 08/28/2011
disagreement is not disrespect.
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flyonfriday
Ignorance and apathy will kill us
11:38 AM on 08/29/2011
You seek a precision where one doesn't exist. One can be spiritual without believing in spirits. The terms spirit, spirituality, spiritual and the like are really poorly defined (although, yes, one certainly can look them up in a dictionary are cherry pick one's favorite canonical definition).

But, I ask, why not be precise? If @kv3854 finds an "inner peace" that some might equate with spirituality, why not just say "Atheists or non-believers can achieve the inner peace that 'spiritual' people achieve" or similar?